Dealing with individuals who have mental illness: the Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) in law enforcement

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel L. Browning ◽  
Vincent B. Van Hasselt ◽  
Abigail S. Tucker ◽  
Gregory M. Vecchi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Crisis Intervention Team ◽  
Intervention Team

scholarly journals Law enforcement and mental health clinician partnerships in global mental health: outcomes for the Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) model adaptation in Liberia, West Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Boazak ◽  
Sarah Yoss ◽  
Brandon A. Kohrt ◽  
Wilfred Gwaikolo ◽  
Pat Strode ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Crisis Intervention Team ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Intervention Team ◽  
Cit Model

Abstract Background The Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) model is a law enforcement strategy that aims to build alliances between the law enforcement and mental health communities. Despite its success in the United States, CIT has not been used in low- and middle-income countries. This study assesses the immediate and 9-month outcomes of CIT training on trainee knowledge and attitudes. Methods Twenty-two CIT trainees (14 law enforcement officers and eight mental health clinicians) were evaluated using pre-developed measures assessing knowledge and attitudes related to mental illness. Evaluations were conducted prior to, immediately after, and 9 months post training. Results The CIT training produced improvements both immediately and 9 months post training in knowledge and attitudes, suggesting that CIT can benefit law enforcement officers even in extremely low-resource settings with limited specialized mental health service infrastructure. Conclusion These findings support further exploration of the benefits of CIT in highly under-resourced settings.

Beyond crisis intervention team (CIT) classroom training: Videoconference continuing education for law enforcement

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 104-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette S. Crisanti ◽  
Jennifer A. Earheart ◽  
Nils A. Rosenbaum ◽  
Matthew Tinney ◽  
Daniel J. Duhigg
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Crisis Intervention Team ◽  
Classroom Training ◽  
Intervention Team

Crisis intervention team officer dispatch, assessment, and disposition: Interactions with individuals with severe mental illness

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Ritter ◽  
Jennifer L.S. Teller ◽  
Kristen Marcussen ◽  
Mark R. Munetz ◽  
Brent Teasdale
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Crisis Intervention Team ◽  
Intervention Team

scholarly journals Mental Illness Stigma: Limitations of Crisis Intervention Team Training

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassidy Blair Haigh ◽  
Anne Li Kringen ◽  
Jonathan Allen Kringen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mental Illness Stigma ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Police Departments ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Crisis Intervention Team ◽  
Intervention Team

As police departments in the United States strive to improve their capacity to effectively engage individuals with mental illness (IMI), Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) training has become increasingly common. Limited empirical work has studied the effectiveness of CIT, and available studies demonstrate split evidence on the effectiveness of the approach. Variation in previous findings may indicate that CIT inadequately addresses key factors that create challenges for officers when engaging IMI, such as mental illness stigma. Survey data collected from 185 officers were analyzed to assess whether mental illness stigma affects officers’ perceptions of preparedness for engaging IMI beyond CIT training itself. Findings suggest that although there are few differences in perceptions of preparedness between officers who have completed CIT training and those who have not completed CIT training, variation in levels of mental illness stigma explain differences in officers’ perceptions of preparedness to engage IMI. Policy recommendations are discussed.

The impact of Crisis Intervention Team Training for police

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-170
Author(s):  
Kimberly D Hassell
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Crisis Intervention Team ◽  
Patrol Officers ◽  
Behavioral Issues ◽  
Municipal Police ◽  
Intervention Team

Policing persons with mental illness and/or emotional/behavioral issues is complex and difficult. Police interactions and encounters of this nature are expected to increase due to dwindling budgets and the resulting deficiencies of local mental health systems. Police departments are responding to this growing need by requiring officers to attend Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) Training. CIT Training is designed to teach officers about mental illness and effective strategies and techniques for engaging and de-escalating potentially volatile interactions and encounters. This study was conducted in a large, Midwestern, municipal police department. The data were triangulated and included: (a) CIT Training pre- and post-tests administered to officers ( N=323) prior to and upon completion of the required 40-hour CIT Training held during the months of October through December 2016 and February through May 2017; (b) participant observation with police patrol officers in three of the seven police districts ( N=127 hours; April 2017 through May 2017); (c) semi-structured interviews with police patrol officers assigned to three of the seven police districts who had completed the CIT Training ( N=32 patrol officers; intensive interviews were conducted during participant observation); (d) in-person semi-structured interviews with service providers/practitioners who interact with officers in the context of their working roles and responsibilities ( N=27; July 2017 through January 2018); and (e) interviews with Urbantown Police Department (UPD) executive command staff, CIT coordinators and UPD telecommunications personnel ( N=10; September 2017 through January 2018). The assessment finds that the CIT Training administered in a large, municipal police department changed officers’ perceptions, as well as their street-level practices with persons with mental illness and/or emotional/behavioral issues. This assessment also finds that police officers are taking fewer persons into custody for involuntary treatment, and are instead transporting more persons for voluntary treatment.

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