Tork Corporation: Competitive Cost Analysis

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Laseter ◽  
James Hammer
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Cost Drivers

This disguised case examines the issue of outsourcing to a low-cost country based on a thorough analysis of competitive cost drivers. The case demonstrates that labor cost is only one potential advantage and that transportation cost and other factors could more than offset labor savings in some product lines.

Tork Corporation: Competitive-Cost Analysis

2005 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
James Hammer ◽  
Timothy M. Laseter
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Cost Drivers

This disguised case examines the issue of outsourcing to a low-cost country based on a thorough analysis of competitive-cost drivers. The case demonstrates that labor cost is only one potential advantage and that transportation cost and other factors could more than offset labor savings in some product lines.

What’s in, what’s out? Towards a rigorous definition of the boundaries of benefit-cost analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Daniel Acland
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Consumer Sovereignty ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Rigorous Definition ◽  
Pareto Criterion ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Benefit Cost

Abstract Benefit-cost analysis (BCA) is typically defined as an implementation of the potential Pareto criterion, which requires inclusion of any impact for which individuals have willingness to pay (WTP). This definition is incompatible with the exclusion of impacts such as rights and distributional concerns, for which individuals do have WTP. I propose a new definition: BCA should include only impacts for which consumer sovereignty should govern. This is because WTP implicitly preserves consumer sovereignty, and is thus only appropriate for ‘sovereignty-warranting’ impacts. I compare the high cost of including non-sovereignty-warranting impacts to the relatively low cost of excluding sovereignty-warranting impacts.

scholarly journals Removal of Toxic Elements and Microbial Contaminants from Groundwater Using Low-Cost Treatment Options

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana A. Da’ana ◽  
Nabil Zouari ◽  
Mohammad Y. Ashfaq ◽  
Mohammed Abu-Dieyeh ◽  
Majeda Khraisheh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Groundwater Treatment ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Cost Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Microbial Contaminants

Abstract Purpose of Review This paper reviews various low-cost treatment techniques such as adsorption, permeable reactive barrier, and biological techniques for the simultaneous removal of chemical and microbial contaminants from groundwater and discusses treatment mechanisms of different treatment techniques. This paper also discusses the challenges of groundwater treatment, how to choose the appropriate treatment technique, and cost analysis of groundwater treatment. Recent Findings Various treatment technologies have been used for the treatment of groundwater: physical, chemical, and biological technologies with different success rates. In the literature, various adsorbents have been successfully synthesized from low-cost and environmentally friendly materials. Adsorption is considered an efficient treatment technique for the removal of both toxic elements and pathogens by utilizing different adsorbents. For example, the nanostructures of MgO with a BET surface area of up to 171 m2/g obtained a very high adsorption capacity of 29,131 mg/g for fluoride ions in water, while the incorporation of iron in activated carbon has improved its adsorption capacity to 51.3 mg/g for arsenic. Moreover, certain adsorbents have shown the capability to remove 99% of the rotavirus and adenovirus from groundwater. Summary Groundwater resources are contaminated with toxic metals and pathogens. Therefore, water treatment technologies should be evaluated for their efficiency to remove such contaminants. Determination of the most cost-effective and efficient treatment technique is not an easy task and requires the understanding of various aspects such as the contaminants present in water, the reuse options considered, and cost analysis of the treatment technique.

Low-cost Analysis Methods of Automotive Electric Machines for Aviation Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Yost ◽  
Luke Chen ◽  
Zachary Adamson ◽  
Tommy Baudendistel ◽  
William Perdikakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electric Machines ◽  
Analysis Methods

scholarly journals Main Challenges to Concrete Recycling in Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 11077
Author(s):  
Abdulmalek K. Badraddin ◽  
Rahimi A. Rahman ◽  
Saud Almutairi ◽  
Muneera Esa
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Project Cost ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
National Programs ◽  
Concrete Recycling

While concrete recycling is crucial to protecting the environment, its implementation in practice is low in many countries. This study aims to highlight challenges to concrete recycling. To achieve that aim, the study objectives are (1) to identify the main challenges to concrete recycling in construction projects; (2) to compare the main challenges between small–medium enterprises (SMEs) and large enterprises (LEs); and (3) to determine the underlying groups among the main challenges. Potential challenges were identified through a systematic literature review of journal articles and semi-structured interviews with fifteen industry practitioners. Then, the identified challenges were inserted into a questionnaire survey and distributed to industry practitioners. Eighty-nine valid responses were collected and analyzed using the mean score ranking, normalization, agreement analysis, and factor analysis techniques. The analyses show thirteen main challenges to concrete recycling. The main challenges include increased project duration, lack of national programs, lack of comprehensive rules and regulations, increased project cost, low demand for recycled concrete, low cost-effectiveness of concrete recycling, and increased transportation cost. However, there is no consensus on the criticality between SMEs and LEs. For example, increased project cost is the main challenge for SMEs but is only middlingly ranked for LEs. Finally, the main challenges can be categorized into three interrelated groups: people and technical, legal and environmental, and economic challenges. This study contributes to the literature by analyzing challenges that hinder concrete recycling in practice. The findings allow researchers and practitioners to develop strategies to reduce concrete recycling rejection.

A novel optimisation model in the collaborative supply chain with production time capacity consideration

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ridwan Andi Purnomo ◽  
Adhe Rizky Anugerah ◽  
Salvia Fatma Aulia ◽  
Abdullah ‘Azzam
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Furniture Industry ◽  
Production Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Penalty Cost ◽  
Optimisation Model

Purpose This study aims to propose an optimal procurement model of the collaborative supply chain in the furniture industry. The final output is the total cost minimisation to produce a furniture product that covers material cost, processing cost, transportation cost and holding cost. Therefore, if companies can give the best value to customers at a low cost, then competitive advantages can be achieved. Design/methodology/approach A genetic algorithm (GA) as a metaheuristic approach was used to solve problems in this research. The optimisation was initiated by developing a mathematical model to formulate the objective function. Findings Based on the case study, the proposed GA model was able to reduce the total cost of production. The cost was reduced by 73.09% compared to the existing system. Besides, the production time of the proposed model is within the capacity of both companies; hence, no penalty cost is imposed. Practical implications The proposed GA model has been implemented and tested to minimise production costs in the Indonesian furniture industry. Originality/value To the best of author knowledge, there is no research has proposed an optimisation model that incorporates production cost, transportation cost and production time capacity together in the collaborative supply chain. This research is the first to collaborate these factors using GA in the furniture industry.

Study on Structure Lightweight of the Vehicle Mounted LNG Tank

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yichuan Wang ◽  
Xiang Ling
Keyword(s):  
Sandwich Structure ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lightweight Design ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Angle Steel ◽  
Lng Tank

LNG vehicle tank has been widely used in transportation industry due to its high efficiency and low cost. Researchers have proved that vehicle lightweight is one of the important objectives for the development of vehicle mounted LNG tanks. The lightweight of LNG tank structure plays an important role in the weight reduction of full vehicle, and great economic benefits can be brought through the introduction of lightweight. Structure optimization is one of the most common lightweight methods and structure lightweight design is a systematical project that is involved with crashworthiness, stiffness, Eigen mode and vibration, harshness performance. The surrogate based design optimization is considered as one of the efficient approaches to dealing with complicated engineering problems. According to the force condition in the actual operation of vehicle-mounted tanks, a novel fin sandwich structure reinforcing ring had been used to replace the original angle steel stiffening ring. The fin thickness, height, width, thickness and thickness and width of upper and lower plates of the sandwich structure had been optimized using the genetic algorithm. Finite element analysis had been performed to analyze the effect of fin sandwich structure to the enhancement of the outer LNG storage tank cylinder under a variety of actual operating conditions and the stress conditions of overall and part of the tank. Results show that in comparison to the angle steel stiffening ring, fin sandwich structure with the same stiffness and strength of reinforcing ring can ensure the safe operation of tank car, and the stress distribution on the outside cylinder is also more reasonable. Through the adoption of this new type of reinforcing ring, great economic benefits can be brought which will greatly improve the operation efficiency and reduce the transportation cost.

High-Throughput and Low-Cost Analysis of Trace Volatile Phthalates in Seafood by Online Coupling of Monolithic Capillary Adsorbent with GC-MS

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (16) ◽  
pp. 3287-3292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wimonrut Insuan ◽  
Phatchara Khawmodjod ◽  
Harry J. Whitlow ◽  
Peerapong Soonthondecha ◽  
Fairda Malem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Low Cost

Comparative Advantage In The Southern Africa Customs Union (Sacu)

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Macleans Mzumara ◽  
Betty Mkwinda Nyasulu ◽  
Margaret Mzumara ◽  
Elias Kaunda
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Trade Diversion ◽  
Trade Creation ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Common External Tariff ◽  
The Common ◽  
Narrow Base

The authors sought to find out whether the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) possesses comparative advantage. They found that South Africa has comparative advantage in the production of 727 product lines, Botswana in 268 product lines, Swaziland 243 product lines, Namibia 213 product lines and Lesotho 85 product lines. They also found that the highest degree of specialization in a particular product was observed in Lesotho in the production of cartridges for rivet with an average RCA index of 19215. The authors concluded that SACU has comparative advantage although such comparative advantage has a narrow base for a customs union (CU). Further it was concluded that due to imposition of the common external tariff (CET) in SACU and a narrow base of the products in which it has comparative advantage, it may be experiencing trade diversion rather than trade creation by replacing low cost producers outside SACU in favour of intra-SACU high cost producers. That South Africa, although not the least producer, is unfairly benefiting due to the imposition of CET which prevents other countries from exporting their products to Botswana, Swaziland, Namibia and Lesotho under the same conditions.  These countries are, therefore, disadvantaged. For this reason, the authors advocate communication at policy level, to facilitate expansion of SACU as means of narrowing trade diversion.

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