EMNC technological knowledge flow patterns: an overview of the US patents granted

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-155
Author(s):  
Feng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Technological Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Knowledge Flow ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technological Competence ◽  
The Us ◽  
Internal Knowledge

Purpose With considerable attention paid to the motives and process of idiosyncratic internationalization trajectory of multinationals from emerging economies (EMNCs), little is known on whether, and if so how, new competitive advantages of EMNCs are created and accumulated over time. MNC and EMNC literature agrees on the importance of external and internal knowledge linkages in technological competence creation. By building upon this framework, this paper aims to evaluate EMNCs’ external and internal knowledge flow patterns by benchmarking their counterparts from mature industrialized countries (MMNCs). Design/methodology/approach This study analyzes US patents granted between 2000 and 2014 to leading innovation-oriented EMNCs from China and India, and their matched MMNCs. Being the first to use the US patent and citation data in studying leading innovation-oriented EMNCs, the authors use a descriptive statistical method. Findings The findings offer empirical insights of the scale, scope and quality of EMNC technological competence creation. Moreover, in contrast to existing EMNC literature, it is found that EMNC parents have been the most important center of EMNC technological knowledge generation. The matched group comparisons of external and internal knowledge flows further reveal detailed similarities and differences of competence creation between EMNCs and MMNCs, and among EMNCs. Originality/value This study represents one of the first attempts to investigate the post-internationalization technological competence creation of EMNCs by using a novel data source. This study sets the foundation to deepen the understanding of EMNC technological competence creation. The findings suggest interesting propositions and offer important implications for future researches.

Technological knowledge access and transfer of multinational corporations from emerging economies: a comparison study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Technological Knowledge ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test ◽  
The Us ◽  
Knowledge Access

Purpose This study aims to analyze the subsequent investment success of EMNCs after their strategic asset-seeking foreign direct investments (FDIs), while internationalization trajectories of multinational corporations from emerging economies (EMNCs) have been extensively studied, Post-internationalization investment success of EMNCs is defined as extensive technological knowledge access and transfer for knowledge combination. This paper focuses on EMNC explicit knowledge access and transfer. Design/methodology/approach This study analyzes US patents granted between 2000 and 2014 to leading innovation-oriented EMNCs from China and India as well as to their key competitors from mature industrialized countries (MMNCs). Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test is used to compare the explicit technological knowledge access and transfer patterns of EMNCs and MMNCs. With MMNCs as the benchmark, the comparison allows to imply the patterns and extent of technological knowledge access and transfer of EMNCs. Findings While subsidiary reverse knowledge transfer is largely missing, EMNCs adopt a parent-centric approach in which the parent directly accesses and transfers explicit knowledge from the external environment of host locations. In doing so, EMNCs at least partially achieve the knowledge access and transfer goals of strategic asset-seeking FDIs. Originality/value This study contributes to an in-depth understanding of EMNCs by empirically testing key predictions in extant EMNC literature, namely, the strategic asset-seeking in host locations and the systematic integration of accessed knowledge and resources with home country activities. This study also pioneers the use of the US patent and citation data to empirically study EMNCs.

scholarly journals Analysis of technological knowledge flows in the Basque Country

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
J. Gavilanes-Trapote ◽  
I. Etxeberria-Agiriano ◽  
E. Cilleruelo ◽  
G. Garechana
Keyword(s):  
Basque Country ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Technological Knowledge ◽  
Patent Citation ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Knowledge Flow ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Patent Data ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Key Indicator

<p>Knowledge flow of technology is important for continuous growth and extension of science. Patent data analysis has facilitated this knowledge acquisition. The available patent information crosses borders, corresponds and interacts with new inventions to give new strength and dimension to the technology. Therefore, the patent citation information functions as a key indicator of the knowledge flow providing relevant information. It can be identified to which extent a region is a relevant technological knowledge generator to other regions. As an illustrative case, we present a study to determine the role played by the Basque Country region as a generator of technological innovation during the period 1991-2011.</p>

Facilitating organizational learning through agent-based modeling and simulation experimentation

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 429-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saša Baškarada ◽  
Arvind Chandran ◽  
Mina Shokr ◽  
Christopher Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Learning ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Internal Knowledge

Purpose In addition to requiring high absorptive capacity, contemporary organizations operating in highly dynamic and complex environments also require the ability to create knowledge internally, within the organization. While the organizational learning (OL) literature has produced a plethora of theories and frameworks, there has been relatively little empirical research on specific mechanisms for internal knowledge generation. Accordingly, this paper aims to answer calls for more research on mechanisms for internal generation of organizational knowledge. Design/methodology/approach This paper is an in-depth case study in the Australian Defence Organisation (ADO). Findings The paper presents a cyclical eight-stage knowledge generation process and demonstrates how agent-based modeling and simulation (ABMS) may be used to facilitate OL. Originality/value By detailing an in-depth case study of an ABMS mechanism for internal knowledge generation in the ADO, this paper provides a novel and relevant contribution to the OL literature.

Enabling organizations to implement smarter, customized social computing platforms by leveraging knowledge flow patterns

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Chandra ◽  
Reethika S Iyer ◽  
Ramakrishnan Raman
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Social Computing ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
Knowledge Flow ◽  
Knowledge Sourcing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Computing Platforms ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to understand the knowledge sharing in projects based on knowledge flow patterns. The impact of attrition, thereby leading to a loss of tacit knowledge, inability to capture and reuse knowledge and inability to understand the knowledge flow patterns, which leads to lack of structured workspace collaboration, are frequently faced challenges in organizations. The change in knowledge sourcing behaviors by the current generation workforce has a high reaching impact in driving collaboration among employees. Design/methodology/approach – This paper attempts to study this impact and identify means to improve the effectiveness of collective knowledge sharing via social computing platforms. As part of this study, customized solutions are devised based on knowledge flow patterns prevalent in teams. Knowledge network analysis (KNA), a socio-metric analysis, is performed to understand knowledge flow patterns among employees in a team which helps understand the relationships between team members with respect to knowledge sharing. KNA helps in understanding ties and interactions between human and system resources. Findings – Significant changes were observed in knowledge sourcing and sharing behaviors. Capture of the tacit knowledge of employees further resulted in reducing the impact of knowledge attrition. For instance, targeted communities of practice (CoPs) based on the presence of cliques within teams enabled teams to complete projects effectively and efficiently. Practical implications – The results are used to identify push and pull networks to enable effective knowledge management (KM). Results of this study reveal that analyzing knowledge flow patterns in a team and deploying a customized social computing platform that is tailored to address the needs of specific knowledge flow patterns within that team, significantly enhances collaborative sharing as opposed to a standardized “one-size-fits-all” platform. Originality/value – This paper is an original creation after research by the authors for a continuous assessment of KM within the organization.

Knowledge Flow

2006 ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
Mark E. Nissen
Keyword(s):  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Knowledge Flow ◽  
Organizational Processes ◽  
Critical Thought

This chapter focuses phenomenologically on the dynamics of knowledge flows. We look first at the organizational processes responsible for knowledge flows and then discuss knowledge-flow patterns. The discussion then turns to examining interactions between knowledge flows and workflows, in addition to timing and obstacles of dynamic knowledge. The chapter concludes with five knowledge-flow principles and includes exercises to stimulate critical thought, learning, and discussion.

Digital native or digital immigrant? Using intraorganizational resources to develop technological competence among older employees

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-9
Author(s):  
Robert D. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Technological Knowledge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
External Resources ◽  
Internal Resources ◽  
Older Employees ◽  
Technological Competence ◽  
Employee Relationships

Purpose The purpose of this viewpoint article is to demonstrate that firms can utilize intraorganizational resources to aid in helping older workers become technologically competent. Through the use of these intraorganizational resources, firms can benefit from the transfer of technological knowledge between younger and older workers. A further benefit is cost savings associated with utilization of internal as opposed to external resources. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a viewpoint article which demonstrates and raises awareness of some elementary internal resources which can aid in the development of older workers’ technological competence. Findings There exists a marked difference between younger and older workers and the associated technological competence of each. Implementing a mentoring process which matches recent college graduates or younger workers, digital natives, with older workers, digital immigrants, who are either returning to the workforce or transitioning to jobs which require technological skills, can aid in knowledge transfer of proprietary and public software programs and has the potential to lead to improved employee relationships. Originality/value This paper addresses the development and utilization of internal as opposed to external resources in aiding older workers gaining technological competence. These workers may be returning to the workforce or transitioning to jobs which require more technological knowledge, and, by providing a system to support this transition, both, firms and employees can benefit.

Managing open innovation from a knowledge flow perspective: the roles of embeddedness and network inertia in collaboration networks

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Shi ◽  
Lu Lu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Qingpu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Knowledge Flow ◽  
Collaboration Network ◽  
Tie Strength ◽  
Collaboration Networks ◽  
Content Type

PurposeBuilding on theories of inter-organizational knowledge flows and social network, we explored how two types of collaboration network embeddedness (NE) (i.e. structural embeddedness (SE) and relational embeddedness (RE)) drive firms' inbound and outbound open innovation (OI) practices from a knowledge flow perspective, and further examined these relationships are to what extent contingent on network inertia (NI).Design/methodology/approachIn this empirical research, the authors collected a sample of patents in the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) industry over the period of 2000–2018. Then the authors examined the direct roles of SE and RE in collaboration networks on firms' inbound and outbound OI practices from a knowledge flow perspective, and the moderating role of NI by using negative binomial regression.FindingsEmpirical results from our study of 96 firms showed that both bridging structural holes position in collaboration networks (i.e. SE) and having stronger tie strength (i.e. RE) would positively affects firms' inbound OI practices, whereas only having stronger tie strength in collaboration networks (i.e. RE) would facilitate outbound OI practices. In addition, NI strengthens the relationships between SE and firm OI practice, but weakens the positive roles of RE on firm OI practice.Originality/valueThis empirical research provides new insights into whether and how firms can grasp the benefits of collaboration NE to conduct OI activities by exploring NI contingencies. It further sheds lights on the scope of the NE–OI issue from a knowledge flow perspective by extending its research context to UAV industry.

Mapping knowledge networks for organizational re-design in a rehabilitation clinic

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorella Cannavacciuolo ◽  
Luca Iandoli ◽  
Cristina Ponsiglione ◽  
Virginia Maracine ◽  
Emil Scarlat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Knowledge Networks ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
Knowledge Flow ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Sources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Critical Aspects

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a social network approach for identification of micro-organizational re-design interventions to make more efficient and fluid the knowledge flow in a rehabilitation multidisciplinary team. The structural information of different kinds of knowledge networks within a team is augmented with additional analyses aimed at collecting information about the ways through which participants use knowledge, the motivation behind knowledge exchange, and the non-human knowledge sources used by subjects to perform their work. This paperwork was supported by CNCSIS – UEFISCDI, project number PNII – IDEI 810/2008. Design/methodology/approach The authors propose a definition of knowledge network including human and non-human knowledge source (documents and knowledge repositories) as it is more adequate for the analysis of knowledge flows in multidisciplary medical teams. The mapping and analysis of the network are carried out through: elicitation of knowledge flows between people within and outside the team through a structured questionnaire; mapping of the knowledge flows toward non-human knowledge sources; and identification of critical aspects and proposal of re-engineering interventions to make knowledge flow more efficient and effective. Findings The analysis of the critical aspects emerged in the field study identifies a number of opportunities to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of knowledge sharing through the re-design of the team network. The re-design interventions concern three main features of knowledge network: “knowledge centralization,” “Over-reliance on External experts,” “Unshared knowledge tools and sources.” Originality/value The originality of the work resides in applying social network analysis (SNA) for healthcare management settings, proving evidence and guidelines to show how healthcare organizations can benefit from the adoption of SNA-based approaches.

scholarly journals Intra-network knowledge roles and division performance in multi-business firms

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1165-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Villasalero
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
Business Network ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Units ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Internal Knowledge

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to deal with the performance consequences of business units that adopt varying knowledge roles within the internal multi-business network. Multi-business firms are distributed knowledge systems in which business units are extensively involved in internal knowledge transfer processes. Business units play different roles within their respective corporate knowledge networks as knowledge providers, knowledge receivers, both or neither. Design/methodology/approach – Survey data from a sample of 225 business divisions were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Findings – Results indicate that divisions which occupy knowledge roles that reveal the possession of unique knowledge (knowledge signaling) or guarantee the accumulation of new knowledge (knowledge learning) outperform those divisions that have access to spilled knowledge (knowledge depreciation) or have no access to any kind of knowledge (knowledge insulation). Practical implications – Four knowledge roles are distinguished according to the extent to which a business division provides the rest of the corporation with knowledge or receives knowledge from the rest of the corporation, thus exploring the issue of internal knowledge transfer from an integrated perspective that takes the directionality of knowledge flows and the position within the knowledge network into account. Originality/value – This study contributes to existent research on knowledge transfer and performance outcomes by demonstrating the usefulness of the knowledge role as an integrating concept within this literature. It also extends the four-role framework to the prescriptive domain and tests its normative implications in an intensive internal knowledge transfer setting which has to date gone relatively unnoticed, as is that of multi-business firms.

Trailing organizational knowledge paths through social network lens: integrating the multiple industry cases

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Gul Kim ◽  
Yong Sauk Hau ◽  
Seulki Song ◽  
Ghi-Hoon Ghim
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Organizational Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
Knowledge Flow ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Management Level ◽  
Business Units

Purpose – This study aims at analyzing the features of knowledge flow and the role-specific nodes in knowledge networks among individuals and business units of six organizations in different industries, and suggesting prescriptions to prevent the organizational knowledge sclerosis. Design/methodology/approach – This research conducts multiple case studies on the organizational knowledge paths of six companies in the multiple industries through social network analysis (SNA) tool developed by the authors of this paper. Findings – This study provides four major findings which shed a new light on how to comprehend the features of knowledge flow and the role-specific nodes in knowledge networks in organizations: the within-business unit knowledge flows are more dominant over the inter-business units knowledge flow; the downward knowledge flows are dominant over the horizontal and upward knowledge flows in the management levels; distributions of knowledge owners and providers are like L-shape and the gap between knowledge owing and providing expands as the management levels go up; and the top 20 percent people in an organization dominate over a large portion of the knowledge brokerage activities. Research limitations/implications – Cultural difference issue might arise because data collection was limited to Korean organizations. Therefore, the findings from this study needs to be cautiously interpreted considering the cultural difference/deeper understanding of the organizational knowledge paths through social network lens can make it possible for more context-specific KM strategies (e.g. suitable for a specific functional unit, management level, or industry type) to be identified and implemented. Practical implications – Managers can have a solid grasp about knowledge flows and knowledge node roles in their organization through social network analysis in order to facilitate the knowledge transfer and eliminate the knowledge link lapse in organizations. Originality/value – This study could be a stepping stone for further empirical research since it expanded the level of organizational knowledge network analysis from individual and team to inter-unit and inter-management level through the block modeling analysis of knowledge network.

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