Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Biodiesel from Crude Cottonseed Oil

Author(s):  
Weitao Liu ◽  
Yanjun Jiang ◽  
Jing Gao ◽  
Li Ma ◽  
Liya Zhou
1926 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 153-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
George S. Jamieson

1977 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 468-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert John Evans ◽  
Cal J. Flegal ◽  
Charles A. Foerder ◽  
Doris H. Bauer ◽  
Michael La Vigne

2017 ◽  
Vol II (I) ◽  
pp. 177-196

In this paper, we introduce three indices of trade which are consequently applied to the case maximum residue level, MRLs of pesticide. The aggregation indices of NTM i.e Li and Beghin index of trade, Heterogeneous index of trade (HIT) and actual heterogeneous index of trade (AHIT) regulations to compute their protectionism relative to international standards. The application of indices to Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) affecting cottonseed and its by-product i.e crude cottonseed oil and refined cottonseed oil, using a science-based standards Codex Alimentarius. In this analysis, the main aim of the article is to show the response of the maximum residue limits (MRLs) adopted by 50 importing countries on exports of the cottonseed commodities for the year 2005 to 2014. In this study, we estimate the augmented gravity model using the ordinary least squares (OLS) and Poisson regression estimators. The results show that maximum residue limits (MRLs) have a trade increasing effect on exports of the cottonseed commodities.


1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Bell

A greenhouse test and two field tests were conducted to determine if a dye method of marking the fat body using Red Calco Dye could be used to identify adult tobacco budworms, Heliothis virescens (F.), and the bollworms, H. zea (Boddie), that had developed as larvae primarily on Geranium dissectum L. In a greenhouse trial, 73% of 22 adult tobacco budworms contained internal red dye after larvae fed on geranium plants treated with 10 ml of a dye mixture per plant (1% dye + 9% crude cottonseed oil + 90% water). No dye was detected in adults from larvae reared on untreated plants. One field was first infested with neonate tobacco budworms, and then treated with the dye mixture. Marked adults were caught in blacklight traps over a 13-day period. A second field of wild geranium, being ca. 11% of the total geranium in the immediate area, was treated with the dye mixture without artificial infestation. From the first to last marked adult caught in pheromone traps, 6.8% of the bollworms and 8.3% of the tobacco budworms contained internal red dye.


1954 ◽  
Vol 2 (21) ◽  
pp. 1077-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Evans ◽  
S. L. Bandemer ◽  
J. A. Davidson ◽  
D. H. Bauer ◽  
H. A. Butts

1962 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 286-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Zeitoun ◽  
W. B. Harris ◽  
W. D. Harris

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. McKibben ◽  
J. W. Smith ◽  
W. L. McGovern

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was used to formulate a mixture of grandlure, feeding stimulants, and a toxicant as a toxic bait for the cotton boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis (Boheman). Field tests with the PVC formulation revealed that certain aspects of boll weevil orientation dictated placement of the bait device on vertically oriented stakes of about 12 - 24 mm diameter. A stake coating was prepared which contained natural shellac as a binder, cyfluthrin, a green pigment, and crude cottonseed oil. This coating was applied to wooden stakes, with aluminum pans underneath to facilitate counting of dead boll weevils. Bait devices prepared in this manner appeared to be very effective in killing boll weevils. Their advantage over live traps is that they are less expensive and require no service once they are deployed. They have the potential for becoming an important control method for the boll weevil, particularly in the early and late season periods.


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