The Effect of Temperature on the Electrical Response Excited by Acoustically Driven Bandgap Modulation in an Indium Antimonide Transducer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Salehi Najafabadi ◽  
Mark. A. Meier ◽  
Gary A. Hallock
Keyword(s):  
Indium Antimonide ◽  
Electrical Response ◽  
Effect Of Temperature

Optimum diameter for laser beam and effect of temperature rise on the optical bistability hysteresis loops

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (45) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Ali Hassan Khidhir
Keyword(s):  
Indium Antimonide ◽  
Optical Bistability ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Switching Power ◽  
Optimum Diameter ◽  
Fabry Perot

 In this research, analytical study for simulating a Fabry-Perot bistable etalon (F-P cavity) filled with a dispersive optimized nonlinear optical material (Kerr type) such as semiconductors Indium Antimonide (InSb). An optimization procedure using reflective (~85%) InSb etalon (~50µm) thick is described. For this etalon with a (50 µm) spot diameter beam, the minimum switching power is (~0.078 mW) and switching time is (~150 ns), leading to a switching energy of (~11.77 pJ) for this device. Also, the main role played by the temperature to change the etalon characteristic from nonlinear to linear dynamics.

Comparison of glucose-induced changes in electrical activity, insulin release, lactate output and potassium permeability between normal and ob/ob mouse islets: effects of cooling

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Scott ◽  
C. M. Dawson ◽  
A. A. Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Insulin Release ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Electrical Response ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Potassium Permeability ◽  
Lactate Output ◽  
Mouse Islets ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Induced Changes

ABSTRACT A comparison has been made between the glucose-induced changes in electrical activity, insulin release, lactate output and potassium permeability in normal and ob/ob obese (Norwich strain) mice. The electrical response of the islet membrane to high glucose (22·2 mmol/l) stimulation was different in the two types of mice, generating continuous spike activity in normal but producing bursts of activity in ob/ob mouse islets. The absolute amounts of insulin and lactate produced by ob/ob islets in response to both basal and high glucose concentrations were greater than the absolute amounts produced by normal islets, though the ratio of the amount produced in high glucose concentrations to the amount produced in basal glucose concentrations was not significantly different between normal and ob/ob islets for both parameters. Glucose-induced changes in potassium permeability were smaller in ob/ob than in normal mice. Cooling from 37 to 27 °C, during steady-state glucose stimulation, reduced both lactate output and insulin release, the temperature coefficients being similar in both types of mice. The effect of temperature reduction on electrical activity was more marked in the islets of ob/ob mice than in those of normal mice; spike frequency was unaffected in normal but reduced in ob/ob mice, whereas spike amplitude was decreased in both. Cooling-induced inhibition of potassium permeability was greater in the islets of ob/ob mice than in those of normal mice. These results show that this new colony of ob/ob mice (Norwich strain) is comparable to normal mice in terms of the dynamics of insulin release and lactate output in response to glucose, but that the response of the β-cell membrane electrical activity and potassium permeability to glucose is different. J. Endocr. (1985) 107, 265–273

Nucleation of Disorder in Fe3Al Alloys

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 312-313
Author(s):  
P. R. Swann ◽  
W. R. Duff ◽  
R. M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Antiphase Domain ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Domain Structures ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Domain Boundaries ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
The One

Recently we have investigated the phase equilibria and antiphase domain structures of Fe-Al alloys containing from 18 to 50 at.% Al by transmission electron microscopy and Mössbauer techniques. This study has revealed that none of the published phase diagrams are correct, although the one proposed by Rimlinger agrees most closely with our results to be published separately. In this paper observations by transmission electron microscopy relating to the nucleation of disorder in Fe-24% Al will be described. Figure 1 shows the structure after heating this alloy to 776.6°C and quenching. The white areas are B2 micro-domains corresponding to regions of disorder which form at the annealing temperature and re-order during the quench. By examining specimens heated in a temperature gradient of 2°C/cm it is possible to determine the effect of temperature on the disordering reaction very precisely. It was found that disorder begins at existing antiphase domain boundaries but that at a slightly higher temperature (1°C) it also occurs by homogeneous nucleation within the domains. A small (∼ .01°C) further increase in temperature caused these micro-domains to completely fill the specimen.

The effect of temperature on high-resolution TEM image contrast

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 640-641
Author(s):  
T. Geipel ◽  
W. Mader ◽  
P. Pirouz
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Waller Factor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Debye Waller Factor ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Atomic Form Factor

Temperature affects both elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons in a crystal. The Debye-Waller factor, B, describes the influence of temperature on the elastic scattering of electrons, whereas the imaginary part of the (complex) atomic form factor, fc = fr + ifi, describes the influence of temperature on the inelastic scattering of electrons (i.e. absorption). In HRTEM simulations, two possible ways to include absorption are: (i) an approximate method in which absorption is described by a phenomenological constant, μ, i.e. fi; - μfr, with the real part of the atomic form factor, fr, obtained from Hartree-Fock calculations, (ii) a more accurate method in which the absorptive components, fi of the atomic form factor are explicitly calculated. In this contribution, the inclusion of both the Debye-Waller factor and absorption on HRTEM images of a (Oll)-oriented GaAs crystal are presented (using the EMS software.Fig. 1 shows the the amplitudes and phases of the dominant 111 beams as a function of the specimen thickness, t, for the cases when μ = 0 (i.e. no absorption, solid line) and μ = 0.1 (with absorption, dashed line).

Use of fractals to describe microstructures of porous thick-film platinum electrodes

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-315
Author(s):  
Steven D. Toteda
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Response ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
Platinum Electrodes ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Impedance Response ◽  
Platinum Particles ◽  
Energy Surfaces ◽  
Highly Porous

Zirconia oxygen sensors, in such applications as power plants and automobiles, generally utilize platinum electrodes for the catalytic reaction of dissociating O2 at the surface. The microstructure of the platinum electrode defines the resulting electrical response. The electrode must be porous enough to allow the oxygen to reach the zirconia surface while still remaining electrically continuous. At low sintering temperatures, the platinum is highly porous and fine grained. The platinum particles sinter together as the firing temperatures are increased. As the sintering temperatures are raised even further, the surface of the platinum begins to facet with lower energy surfaces. These microstructural changes can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, but the goal of the work is to characterize the microstructure by its fractal dimension and then relate the fractal dimension to the electrical response. The sensors were fabricated from zirconia powder stabilized in the cubic phase with 8 mol% percent yttria. Each substrate was sintered for 14 hours at 1200°C. The resulting zirconia pellets, 13mm in diameter and 2mm in thickness, were roughly 97 to 98 percent of theoretical density. The Engelhard #6082 platinum paste was applied to the zirconia disks after they were mechanically polished ( diamond). The electrodes were then sintered at temperatures ranging from 600°C to 1000°C. Each sensor was tested to determine the impedance response from 1Hz to 5,000Hz. These frequencies correspond to the electrode at the test temperature of 600°C.

The development of dormancy in bulblets of Lilium speciosum generated in vitro. II. The effect of temperature

1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Delvallee ◽  
Annie Paffen ◽  
Geert-Jan De Klerk
Keyword(s):  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Lilium Speciosum
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