Alpha Channel for Integrity Verification Using Digital Signature on Reversible Watermarking QR

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagruti R. Mahajan ◽  
Nitin N. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Digital Signature ◽  
Reversible Watermarking ◽  
Integrity Verification ◽  
Alpha Channel

Copyright Protection in Virtual Communities through Digital Watermarking

2011 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Huayin Si ◽  
Chang-Tsun Li
Keyword(s):  
Digital Watermarking ◽  
Digital Signature ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Fragile Watermarking ◽  
Robust Watermarking ◽  
Integrity Verification ◽  
Secret Information ◽  
Data Content ◽  
Processing Techniques

Although the development of multimedia processing techniques has facilitated the enrichment of information content, and the never-ending expansion of interconnected networks has constructed a solid infrastructure for information exchanges, meanwhile, the infrastructure and techniques have also smoothed the way for copyright piracy in virtual communities. As a result, the demand for intellectual property protection becomes apparent and exigent. In response to this challenge, digital watermarking has been proposed to serve this purpose. The idea of digital watermarking is to embed a small amount of secret information—the watermark—into the host digital productions, such as image and audio, so that it can be extracted later for the purposes of copyright assertion, authentication and content integrity verification, and so forth. Unlike traditional watermarks printed on paper, which are visible to human eyes, digital watermarks are usually invisible and can only be detected with the aid of a specially designed detector. One characteristic distinguishing digital watermarking from cryptography, which separates the digital signature from the raw data/content, is that digital watermarking embeds the signature in the content to be protected. The superiority of this characteristic is that while cryptography provides no protection after the content is decrypted, digital watermarking provides “intimate” protection, because the digital signature/secret information has become an inseparable constituent part of the content itself after embedding. Because of the very characteristic, digital watermarking requires no secret channel for communicating the digital signature that cryptography does. So in the last decade, digital watermarking has attracted numerous attention from researchers and is regarded as a promising technique in the field of information security. Various types of watermarking schemes have been developed for different applications. According to their natures, digital watermarking schemes could be classified into three categories: fragile watermarking, semi-fragile watermarking and robust watermarking. The schemes of the first two categories are developed for the purposes of multimedia authentication and content integrity verification, in which we expect the embedded watermark to be destroyed when attacks are mounted on its host media. More emphases of these schemes are placed on the capability of detecting and localizing forgeries and impersonations. The main difference between the two is that semi-fragile watermarking is tolerant to non-malicious operations, such as lossy compression within a certain compression ratio, while fragile watermarking is intolerant to any manipulations. Robust watermarking, on the other hand, is intended for the applications of copyright protection, wherein the watermarks should survive attacks aiming at weakening or erasing them provided the quality of the attacked content is still worth protecting. Therefore, the emphasis of robust watermarking schemes is placed on their survivability against attacks. This article is intended to focus on robust watermarking schemes for the application of copyright protection. See Li and Yang (2003) and Lin and Chang (2001) for more details about fragile and semi-fragile schemes.

Combining Digital Signature with Local Binary Pattern-Least Significant Bit Steganography Techniques for Securing Medical Images

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1288-1293
Author(s):  
K. N. Madhusudhan ◽  
P. Sakthivel
Keyword(s):  
Digital Signature ◽  
Local Binary Pattern ◽  
Medical Images ◽  
Image Authentication ◽  
Reversible Watermarking ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Separate File

The image authentication is generally based on two different types of techniques: watermarking and digital signature. In watermarking methods, embedded watermarking is often imperceptible and it contains either a specific ID of producer or codes related to content that are used for authentication. Normally a separate file is stored, digital signature is a non-repudiation and encrypted version of the information extracted from the data. A digital signature can be attached to the data to prove the originality and integrity. The proposed work presents a new approach to steganography of medical images that uses modified Least Significant Bit (LSB) based on the Local Binary Pattern (LBP) pattern. As a first step, cover image has been divided as blocks of 3×3 non overlapping masks. Then, the pixel embedding position (clock wise or anti-clock wise) has to be identified using LBP operator. The value of the LBP operator determines how and where to embed secret image pixel. Later, using LSB method, pixel values will be embedded in the cover image pixel. In order to provide the integrity of the data, the proposed work also presents Reversible Watermarking (RW), a Digital Signature (DS) technique. The proposed algorithm of steganography experimented on few medical images and achieved better efficiency with respect to MSE and PSNR values and same is reported in this paper.

scholarly journals A Survey: Cryptographic Hash Functions for Digital Stamping

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Israa Ezzat Salem ◽  
Adil M. Salman ◽  
Maad M. Mijwil
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Digital Signature ◽  
Data Security ◽  
Hash Function ◽  
Hash Functions ◽  
Mathematical Science ◽  
Integrity Verification ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Rootkit Detection ◽  
Cryptographic Hash Functions

The current study aims to examine a general overview of the application of hash functions in cryptography and study the relationships between cryptographic hash functions and uses of the digital signature. Functions of the cryptographic hash are an important tool applied in several sections of data security, and application of hash function is common and used for various purposes such as File Integrity Verification, Key Derivation, Time stamping, Password Hashing, Rootkit Detection and Digital Signature. Digital Signature is a code that is linked electronically with the document including the sender's identity. Therefore, the digital signature is of high value in verifying digital messages or documents. Cryptographic hash functions do not present without mathematics. The success of computer science is attributed to mathematics; in other words, it is because of mathematical science, that computer science was understood and could be explained to all. The study aims to teach the reader hash functions and its applications such as digital signature and to show in details some hash functions and their designing.

scholarly journals Analysis of Secure Medical Image Communication with Digital Signature and Reversible Watermarking

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 544
Author(s):  
A. Umamageswari ◽  
G.R. Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Network Security ◽  
Digital Signature ◽  
Medical Image ◽  
Computer Network ◽  
Medical Images ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Reversible Watermarking ◽  
Content Authentication ◽  
Lossless Watermarking

<p>Protection of Medical image contents becomes the important issue in computer network security. Digital Watermarking has becomes a promising technique for medical content authentication, it allows to embed relevant information with the image, which provides confidentiality, integrity and authentication by embedding Digital Signature (DS) with the Medical image. In this paper we focus on need for reversible watermarking, Medical Image Compression and security related problems in medical images, it comparing the performances of various lossless watermarking techniques for various medical image modalities like MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), US (Ultrasonic), CT (Computed Tomography), Endoscopic and Angiographic images. Region of Interest (ROI) supporting lossless watermarking systems only considered for discussions. Performance of all lossless watermarking with Digital Signature is analyzed by means of four parameters Capacity Rate, PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise ratio), NPCR (Number of Pixel Change Rate) and Compression Ratio (CR). This Paper also introduces new mechanism for open network security for medical images. This lossless watermarking is responsible for recovering the altered medical image content of the system.</p>

Copyright Protection in Virtual Communities through Digital Watermarking

2008 ◽  
pp. 3788-3793
Author(s):  
Huayin Si ◽  
Chang-Tsun Li
Keyword(s):  
Digital Watermarking ◽  
Digital Signature ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Fragile Watermarking ◽  
Robust Watermarking ◽  
Integrity Verification ◽  
Secret Information ◽  
Data Content ◽  
Processing Techniques

Although the development of multimedia processing techniques has facilitated the enrichment of information content, and the never-ending expansion of interconnected networks has constructed a solid infrastructure for information exchanges, meanwhile, the infrastructure and techniques have also smoothed the way for copyright piracy in virtual communities. As a result, the demand for intellectual property protection becomes apparent and exigent. In response to this challenge, digital watermarking has been proposed to serve this purpose. The idea of digital watermarking is to embed a small amount of secret information—the watermark—into the host digital productions, such as image and audio, so that it can be extracted later for the purposes of copyright assertion, authentication and content integrity verification, and so forth. Unlike traditional watermarks printed on paper, which are visible to human eyes, digital watermarks are usually invisible and can only be detected with the aid of a specially designed detector. One characteristic distinguishing digital watermarking from cryptography, which separates the digital signature from the raw data/content, is that digital watermarking embeds the signature in the content to be protected. The superiority of this characteristic is that while cryptography provides no protection after the content is decrypted, digital watermarking provides “intimate” protection, because the digital signature/secret information has become an inseparable constituent part of the content itself after embedding. Because of the very characteristic, digital watermarking requires no secret channel for communicating the digital signature that cryptography does. So in the last decade, digital watermarking has attracted numerous attention from researchers and is regarded as a promising technique in the field of information security. Various types of watermarking schemes have been developed for different applications. According to their natures, digital watermarking schemes could be classified into three categories: fragile watermarking, semi-fragile watermarking and robust watermarking. The schemes of the first two categories are developed for the purposes of multimedia authentication and content integrity verification, in which we expect the embedded watermark to be destroyed when attacks are mounted on its host media. More emphases of these schemes are placed on the capability of detecting and localizing forgeries and impersonations. The main difference between the two is that semi-fragile watermarking is tolerant to non-malicious operations, such as lossy compression within a certain compression ratio, while fragile watermarking is intolerant to any manipulations. Robust watermarking, on the other hand, is intended for the applications of copyright protection, wherein the watermarks should survive attacks aiming at weakening or erasing them provided the quality of the attacked content is still worth protecting. Therefore, the emphasis of robust watermarking schemes is placed on their survivability against attacks. This article is intended to focus on robust watermarking schemes for the application of copyright protection. See Li and Yang (2003) and Lin and Chang (2001) for more details about fragile and semi-fragile schemes.

scholarly journals Protection of Health Imagery by Region Based Lossless Reversible Watermarking Scheme

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Lakshmi Priya ◽  
V. Sadasivam
Keyword(s):  
Digital Signature ◽  
Medical Images ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Reversible Watermarking ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Watermarking Scheme

Providing authentication and integrity in medical images is a problem and this work proposes a new blind fragile region based lossless reversible watermarking technique to improve trustworthiness of medical images. The proposed technique embeds the watermark using a reversible least significant bit embedding scheme. The scheme combines hashing, compression, and digital signature techniques to create a content dependent watermark making use of compressed region of interest (ROI) for recovery of ROI as reported in literature. The experiments were carried out to prove the performance of the scheme and its assessment reveals that ROI is extracted in an intact manner and PSNR values obtained lead to realization that the presented scheme offers greater protection for health imageries.

Printed Document Integrity Verification Using Barcode

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Affandi Husain ◽  
Majid Bakhtiari ◽  
Anazida Zainal
Keyword(s):  
Data Compression ◽  
Digital Signature ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Integrity Verification ◽  
Document Security

Printed documents are still relevant in our daily life and information in it must be protected from threats and attacks such as forgery, falsification or unauthorized modification. Such threats make the document lose its integrity and authenticity. There are several techniques that have been proposed and used to ensure authenticity and originality of printed documents. But some of the techniques are not suitable for public use due to its complexity, hard to obtain special materials to secure the document and expensive. This paper discuss several techniques for printed document security such as watermarking and barcode as well as the usability of two dimensional barcode in document authentication and data compression with the barcode. A conceptual solution that are simple and efficient to secure the integrity and document sender’s authenticity is proposed that uses two dimensional barcode to carry integrity and authenticity information in the document. The information stored in the barcode contains digital signature that provides sender’s authenticity and hash value that can ensure the integrity of the printed document.  

Copyright Protection in Virtual Communities through Digital Watermarking

2008 ◽  
pp. 1544-1550
Author(s):  
Huayin Si ◽  
Chang-Tsun Li
Keyword(s):  
Digital Watermarking ◽  
Digital Signature ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Fragile Watermarking ◽  
Robust Watermarking ◽  
Integrity Verification ◽  
Secret Information ◽  
Data Content ◽  
Processing Techniques

Although the development of multimedia processing techniques has facilitated the enrichment of information content, and the never-ending expansion of interconnected networks has constructed a solid infrastructure for information exchanges, meanwhile, the infrastructure and techniques have also smoothed the way for copyright piracy in virtual communities. As a result, the demand for intellectual property protection becomes apparent and exigent. In response to this challenge, digital watermarking has been proposed to serve this purpose. The idea of digital watermarking is to embed a small amount of secret information—the watermark—into the host digital productions, such as image and audio, so that it can be extracted later for the purposes of copyright assertion, authentication and content integrity verification, and so forth. Unlike traditional watermarks printed on paper, which are visible to human eyes, digital watermarks are usually invisible and can only be detected with the aid of a specially designed detector. One characteristic distinguishing digital watermarking from cryptography, which separates the digital signature from the raw data/content, is that digital watermarking embeds the signature in the content to be protected. The superiority of this characteristic is that while cryptography provides no protection after the content is decrypted, digital watermarking provides “intimate” protection, because the digital signature/secret information has become an inseparable constituent part of the content itself after embedding. Because of the very characteristic, digital watermarking requires no secret channel for communicating the digital signature that cryptography does. So in the last decade, digital watermarking has attracted numerous attention from researchers and is regarded as a promising technique in the field of information security. Various types of watermarking schemes have been developed for different applications. According to their natures, digital watermarking schemes could be classified into three categories: fragile watermarking, semi-fragile watermarking and robust watermarking. The schemes of the first two categories are developed for the purposes of multimedia authentication and content integrity verification, in which we expect the embedded watermark to be destroyed when attacks are mounted on its host media. More emphases of these schemes are placed on the capability of detecting and localizing forgeries and impersonations. The main difference between the two is that semi-fragile watermarking is tolerant to non-malicious operations, such as lossy compression within a certain compression ratio, while fragile watermarking is intolerant to any manipulations. Robust watermarking, on the other hand, is intended for the applications of copyright protection, wherein the watermarks should survive attacks aiming at weakening or erasing them provided the quality of the attacked content is still worth protecting. Therefore, the emphasis of robust watermarking schemes is placed on their survivability against attacks. This article is intended to focus on robust watermarking schemes for the application of copyright protection. See Li and Yang (2003) and Lin and Chang (2001) for more details about fragile and semi-fragile schemes.

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