Study on the Passenger Car Equivalent at Signalized Intersection

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Jili ◽  
Zhang Chang ◽  
Liu Wei ◽  
Zhang Huiling
Keyword(s):  
Signalized Intersection ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent

scholarly journals Determining passenger car equivalent (PCEs) for pretimed signalized intersections with severe motorcycle composition using Bayesian linear regression

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0256620
Author(s):  
Sugiarto Sugiarto ◽  
Fadhlullah Apriandy ◽  
Yusria Darma ◽  
Sofyan M. Saleh ◽  
Muhammad Rusdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Heterogeneous Traffic ◽  
Signalized Intersection ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Bayesian Linear Regression ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent ◽  
Saturation Flow ◽  
Traffic Operation

Pretimed signalized intersection is known as a common source of congestion, especially in urban heterogeneous traffic. Furthermore, the accuracy of saturation flow rate is found to cause efficient and vital capacity estimation, in order to ensure optimal design and operation of the signal timings. Presently, the traffic also consists of diverse vehicle presence, each with its own static and dynamic characteristics. The passenger car equivalent (PCE) in an essential unit is also used to measure heterogenous traffic into the PCU (Passenger Car Unit). Based on the collection of observed data at three targets in Banda Aceh City, this study aims to redetermine the PCEs by using Bayesian linear regression, through the Random-walk Metropolis-Hastings and Gibbs sampling. The result showed that the obtained PCE values were 0.24, 1.0, and 0.80 for motorcycle (MC), passenger car (PC), and motorized rickshaw (MR), respectively. It also showed that a significant deviation was found between new and IHCM PCEs, as the source of error was partially due to the vehicle compositions. The present traffic characteristics were also substantially different from the prevailing conditions of IHCM 1997. Therefore, the proposed PCEs enhanced the accuracy of base saturation flow prediction, provided support for traffic operation design, alleviated congestion, and reduced delay within the city, which in turn improved the estimation of signalized intersection capacity.

scholarly journals Passenger Car Equivalent Estimation for Rural Highways: Methodological Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 801-816
Author(s):  
Ballari Syed Omar ◽  
Pranab Kar ◽  
Mallikarjuna Chunchu
Keyword(s):  
Passenger Car ◽  
Methodological Review ◽  
Rural Highways ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent

Determining Passenger Car Equivalent for Motorcycle at Mid-Block of Sesetan Road

2015 ◽  
Vol 776 ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
I. Gusti Raka Purbanto
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Mode Share ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent ◽  
On The Road

Motorcycle dominates traffic in Bali, particularly in urban roads, which occupy more than 85% of mode share. The three types of vehicles, i.e. motorcycles, heavy and light vehicles share the roadways together. Under mixed traffic conditions, motorcycle may be travelling in between and alongside two consecutive motor vehicles. Considering such a situation, passenger car equivalent values should be examined thoroughly. This study aims to determine passenger car equivalent (PCEs) of motorcycle at mid-block of Sesetan Road. Three approaches are used to examine the PCEs values. This study found that the PCE of motorcycles are in a range between 0.2 and 0.4. This values are about the same to the existing PCE of the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (1997). This study also pointed out that motorcyclists and car drivers may behave differently to the existence of motorcycles. Car drivers are more aware than motorcyclists on the existence of motorcycle on the road. Further, more samples are required to obtain comprehensive results. In addition, the presence of heavy vehicles need to be considered for future study.

scholarly journals Passenger Car Unit Estimation at Signalized Intersection for Non-lane Based Mixed Traffic Using Microscopic Simulation Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gowri Asaithambi ◽  
Hayjy Sekar Mourie ◽  
Ramaswamy Sivanandan
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Signalized Intersection ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Passenger Car Unit ◽  
Road Width ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Chennai City

In India, traffic on roads is mixed in nature with widely varying static and dynamic characteristics of vehicles. At intersections, vehicles do not follow ordered queue and lane discipline. Different vehicle types occupy different spaces on the road, move at different speeds, and start at different accelerations. The problem of measuring volume of such mixed traffic has been addressed by converting different vehicles categories into equivalent passenger cars and expressing the volume in terms of Passenger Car Unit (PCU) per hour. The accurate estimation of PCU values for different roadway and traffic conditions is essential for better operation and management of roadway facilities. Hence, the objective of the present study is to estimate the PCU values at signalized intersection in mixed traffic and to study the influence of traffic volume, traffic composition and road width on PCU values.For this purpose, a mixed traffic simulation model developed specifically for a signalized intersection was used. The model was calibrated and validated with the traffic data collected from a signalized intersection in Chennai city. Simulation runs were carried out for various combinations of vehicular composition, volume levels and road width. It was observed that presence of heavy vehicles and increase in road width affects the PCU values. The obtained PCU values were statistically checked for accuracy and proven to be satisfied. The PCU values obtained in this study can be used as a guideline for the traffic engineers and practitioners in the design and analysis of signalized intersections where mixed traffic conditions exist.

scholarly journals Estimating Passenger Car Equivalent of Heavy Vehicles at Roundabout Entry Using Micro-Traffic Simulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Pajecki ◽  
Faisal Ahmed ◽  
Xiaobo Qu ◽  
Xinyi Zheng ◽  
Yanqun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Simulation ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent

scholarly journals PASSENGER CAR EQUIVALENT (PCE) OF THROUGH VEHICLES AT SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS IN DHAKA METROPOLITAN CITY, BANGLADESH

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha SAHA ◽  
H.M. Iqbal MAHMUD ◽  
Quazi Sazzad HOSSAIN ◽  
MD. Zahurul ISLAM
Keyword(s):  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Metropolitan City ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent

scholarly journals Delay-based Passenger Car Equivalent at Signalized Intersections in Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habibollah Nassiri ◽  
Sara Tabatabaie ◽  
Sina Sahebi
Keyword(s):  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent ◽  
Traffic Operation

Due to their different sizes and operational characteristics, vehicles other than passenger cars have a different influence on traffic operations especially at intersections. The passenger car equivalent (PCE) is the parameter that shows how many passenger cars must be substituted for a specific heavy vehicle to represent its influence on traffic operation. PCE is commonly estimated using headway-based methods that consider the excess headway utilized by heavy vehicles. In this research, the PCE was estimated based on the delay parameter at three signalized intersections in Tehran, Iran. The data collected were traffic volume, travel time for each movement, signalization, and geometric design information. These data were analysed and three different models, one for each intersection, were constructed and calibrated using TRAF-NETSIM simulation software for unsaturated traffic conditions. PCE was estimated under different scenarios and the number of approach movements at each intersection. The results showed that for approaches with only one movement, PCE varies from 1.1 to 1.65. Similarly, for approaches with two and three movements, the PCE varies from 1.07 to 1.99 and from 0.76 to 3.6, respectively. In addition, a general model was developed for predicting PCE for intersections with all of the movements considered. The results obtained from this model showed that the average PCE of 1.5 is similar to the value recommended by the HCM (Highway Capacity Manual) 1985. However, the predicted PCE value of 1.9 for saturated threshold is closer to the PCE value of 2 which was recommended by the HCM 2000 and HCM 2010.

Incorporating Autonomous Vehicles in the Traditional Four-Step Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (7) ◽  
pp. 348-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe F. Dias ◽  
Gopindra S. Nair ◽  
Natalia Ruíz-Juri ◽  
Chandra R. Bhat ◽  
Arash Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Network Capacity ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Step Model ◽  
Central Texas ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent ◽  
Travel Decisions ◽  
Near Future

Automated vehicles (AVs) are a concrete possibility in the near future. As AVs may shift transportation paradigms, transportation agencies are eager to update their models to consider them in planning. In this context, the use of advanced models may be challenging, given the uncertainty in the use and deployment of AVs. In this paper, we present a general framework to extend the four-step model to include AVs, and test our extension on North Central Texas Council of Governments’ model. Our approach introduces a module for AV ownership and exogenous parameters into an existing four-step model to account for changes in travel decisions for AV owners, and for the impacts of AVs on network performance. The latter is modeled using the concept of passenger-car-equivalent to avoid imposing network-wide assumptions on AVs’ capacity consumption. We analyze five scenarios, representing different assumptions on the impacts of AVs, and include references to inform the selection of modeling parameters. We compute aggregate metrics that suggest that the model is sensitive to the proposed parameters, with the passenger-car-equivalent assumptions having the largest impact on model outcomes. Results suggest that, even when we assume that AVs can better use network capacity and that trip-making rates do not drastically increase, AVs may lead to an increase of about 2.8% in vehicle-hours traveled while also improving speeds by about 1.8%. If AVs introduce additional friction on traffic, the system performance may deteriorate. The analyses presented here suggest that existing modeling tools may be adjusted to support analyses of a future with AVs.

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