A model of chromosome longitudinal structure

Author(s):  
P.D. Cristea
2021 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 04020100
Author(s):  
Nasser Heydari ◽  
Panayiotis Diplas ◽  
J. Nathan Kutz ◽  
Soheil Sadeghi Eshkevari

1984 ◽  
Vol 138 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 418-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Devoto ◽  
D.W. Duke ◽  
J.D. Kimel ◽  
G.A. Sowell

Author(s):  
Joseph H. LaCasce

The relations between the kinetic energy spectrum and the second order longitudinal structure function in two dimensions are derived, and several examples are considered. The forward conversion (from spectrum to structure function) is illustrated first with idealized power law spectra, representing turbulent inertial ranges. The forward conversion is also applied to the zonal kinetic energy spectrum of Nastrom and Gage (1985) and the result agrees well with the longitudinal structure function of Lindborg (1999). The inverse conversion (from structure function to spectrum) is tested with data from 2D turbulence simulations. When applied to the theoretical structure function (derived from the forward conversion of the spectrum), the result closely resembles the original spectrum, except at the largest wavenumbers. However the inverse conversion is much less successful when applied to the structure function obtained from pairs of particles in the flow. This is because the inverse conversion favors large pair separations, which are typically noisy with particle data. Fitting the structure function to a polynomial improves the result, but not sufficiently to distinguish the correct inertial range dependencies. Furthermore the inversion of non-local spectra is largely unsuccessful. Thus it appears that focusing on structure functions with Lagrangian data is preferable to estimating spectra.


2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. BOROUN

We present an analytic formula to extract the longitudinal structure function in the next-to-leading order of the perturbation theory at low x, from the Regge-like behavior of the gluon distribution and the structure function at this limit. In this approach, the longitudinal structure function has the hard-Pomeron behavior. The determined values are compared with the H1 data and MRST model. All results can consistently be described within the framework of perturbative QCD, which essentially show increases as x decreases.


2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (A12) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiping Liu ◽  
Thomas J. Immel ◽  
Scott L. England ◽  
Karanam K. Kumar ◽  
Geetha Ramkumar

Author(s):  
Christiane Lopes Machado ◽  
Marco Antonio Santos

PROJEMAR S. A., a naval and offshore design company at Brasil has developed several conversion projects of FPSO’s to operate at Campos Basin. This way, PROJEMAR faced some interface difficulty in the structural design of the topside supports, mainly for the vessel reinforcement. The structural analysis of the cargo region, when performed together with the topside supports and loads, introduces significant buckling and fatigue problems in the main transverse and longitudinal structure of the vessel. The solution adopted in first instance is to reinforce the transverse structure and longitudinal bulkheads of the cargo tanks just below the topside supports. This reinforcement is expensive and takes a lot of time to be done, as hundreds of buckling bars should be installed. In order to avoid this work inside the cargo region, PROJEMAR evaluated this study to minimize the steelwork inside the cargo region, and to optimize the steel weight for topside supports. PROJEMAR analyzed three different concepts of topside supports: two transverse bulkheads supporting each topside module, two sets of strong brackets supporting each topside module, and sets of pillars supporting each topside modules. The results present the amount of steelwork inside and outside the cargo tanks, the total amount of steel reinforcement after the evaluation of stress, deflection, buckling and fatigue verification. The conclusions present cost and benefit for each solution, and some discussions on the time acceleration for the conversion.


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