A Three-Dimensional Formulation for Synthetic Aperture Radar Images of Ocean Waves in Orbital Motions

1986 ◽  
Vol GE-24 (5) ◽  
pp. 732-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichiro Wakasugi ◽  
Naru-fumi Kishi ◽  
Masaru Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Radar Images ◽  
Aperture Radar

Application of ERS and ENVISAT Synthetic Aperture Radar Images for Coastal Water Analysis

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose´ Carlos Nieto Borge ◽  
Tobias Schneiderhan ◽  
Johannes Schulz-Stellenfleth ◽  
Andreas Niedermeier
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Incoming Wave ◽  
Wave Fields ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Radar Images ◽  
The North ◽  
Aperture Radar

The scientific developments carried out in the last years with spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR), as well as the comparisons with in-situ sensors, have demonstrated that SAR is a reliable remote sensing tool to study wave fields on the open ocean. In their so-called SAR image mode, SAR systems on board satellites are able to scan ocean areas about 100 × 100 km2 with a spatial resolution about 20 × 20 m2. These SAR images are able to provide information about the spatial variability of wave fields, as well as other phenomena that occur on the ocean surface, such as the local wind field. This work investigates the capabilities of spaceborne SAR to extract sea state information for those areas close to coastal locations, where the incoming wave fields present high spatial inhomogeneities. For this purpose, ERS-2 SAR and ENVISAT Advanced SAR (ASAR) images acquired over the North Sea and the Bay of Biscay are used to study ocean waves in shallow waters under different climate and oceanographic conditions. In addition, the potential of ENVISAT ASAR capability to scan the ocean surface with dual polarizations (horizontal, HH, and vertical, VV) is analyzed in this work. The relevance of these investigations for different practical applications concerning the analysis of ocean waves is discussed.

A test of airborne, side-looking synthetic-aperture radar in central Newfoundland for geological reconnaissance

1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Graham ◽  
D. R. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Terrain Classification ◽  
Regional Trends ◽  
Valuable Complement ◽  
Wide Swath ◽  
Aperture Radar

Side-looking, C-band synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) penetrates cloud and fog, and operates day or night, to produce pseudo-three-dimensional terrain images with enhanced topography and surface roughness. The images, which have a 20 m resolution and cover large areas, have been used to map the regional trends, patterns of lineaments, and terrain types over a 6200 km2 area of complex lithology, structure, and drift cover. Four lineament classes are differentiated. Glacial trends are clear, and bedrock structures (faults, fractures, joints, foliation, and folded bedding) with relief expression at the surface show through the drift as lineaments. They accurately reproduce most known features when compared with bedrock and Quatenary geology maps. Hitherto unrecognized structural elements are revealed. Tones and textures reflect minute surface roughness variations useful in terrain classification. SAR wide-swath-mode imagery is thus a valuable complement to aerial photography, and is superior in revealing hummocky moraine, ribbed moraine, boulder fields and stony till. Wider use of this imagery is encouraged.

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