An illumination‐compensated Gaussian beam migration for enhancing subsalt imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoyong Liu ◽  
Zhe Yan ◽  
Wenting Zhu ◽  
Bingkai Han ◽  
Hanming Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Beam ◽  
Gaussian Beam Migration ◽  
Subsalt Imaging

Gaussian beam migration

Geophysics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 1416-1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ross Hill
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Beam ◽  
Wave Field ◽  
Seismic Source ◽  
Velocity Model ◽  
Downward Continuation ◽  
Gaussian Beams ◽  
Seismic Velocities ◽  
Migration Method ◽  
Gaussian Beam Migration ◽  
Lateral Variations

Just as synthetic seismic data can be created by expressing the wave field radiating from a seismic source as a set of Gaussian beams, recorded data can be downward continued by expressing the recorded wave field as a set of Gaussian beams emerging at the earth’s surface. In both cases, the Gaussian beam description of the seismic‐wave propagation can be advantageous when there are lateral variations in the seismic velocities. Gaussian‐beam downward continuation enables wave‐equation calculation of seismic propagation, while it retains the interpretive raypath description of this propagation. This paper describes a zero‐offset depth migration method that employs Gaussian beam downward continuation of the recorded wave field. The Gaussian‐beam migration method has advantages for imaging complex structures. Like finite‐difference migration, it is especially compatible with lateral variations in velocity, but Gaussian beam migration can image steeply dipping reflectors and will not produce unwanted reflections from structure in the velocity model. Unlike other raypath methods, Gaussian beam migration has guaranteed regular behavior at caustics and shadows. In addition, the method determines the beam spacing that ensures efficient, accurate calculations. The images produced by Gaussian beam migration are usually stable with respect to changes in beam parameters.

scholarly journals Target-oriented Gaussian beam migration using a modified ray tracing scheme

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1301-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Jian-Ping Huang ◽  
Su-Bin Zhuang ◽  
Zhen-Chun Li
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Beam ◽  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Computation Efficiency ◽  
Simple Implementation ◽  
Gaussian Beam Migration

Abstract For large-scale 3D seismic data, target-oriented reservoir imaging is more attractive than conventional full-volume migration, in terms of computation efficiency. Gaussian beam migration (GBM) is one of the most robust depth imaging method, which not only keeps the advantages of ray methods, such as high efficiency and flexibility, but also allows us to solve caustics and multipathing problems. But conventional Gaussian beam migration requires slant stack for prestack data, and ray tracing from beam center location to subsurface, which is not easy to be directly applied for target-oriented imaging. In this paper, we modify the conventional Gaussian beam migration scheme, by shooting rays from subsurface image points to receivers to implement wavefield back-propagation. This modification helps us to achieve a better subsurface illumination in complex structure and allows simple implementation for target reservoir imaging. Significantly, compared with the wavefield-based GBM, our method does not reconstruct the subsurface snapshots, which has higher efficiency. But the proposed method is not as efficient as the conventional Gaussian beam migration. Synthetic and field data examples demonstrate the validity and the target-oriented imaging capability of our method.

An efficient ray-tracing method and its application to Gaussian beam migration in complex multilayered anisotropic media

Geophysics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. T281-T289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianru Xu ◽  
Weijian Mao
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Beam ◽  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Anisotropic Media ◽  
Memory Storage ◽  
Ray Tracing Method ◽  
Embedded Discontinuities ◽  
Model Parameterization ◽  
Gaussian Beam Migration ◽  
Tracing Method

We have developed a fast ray-tracing method for multiple layered inhomogeneous anisotropic media, based on the generalized Snell’s law. Realistic geologic structures continuously varying with embedded discontinuities are parameterized by adopting cubic B-splines with nonuniformly spaced nodes. Because the anisotropic characteristic is often closely related to the interface configuration, this model parameterization scheme containing the natural inclination of the corresponding layer is particularly suitable for tilted transverse isotropic models whose symmetry axis is generally perpendicular to the direction of the layers. With this model parameterization, the first- and second-order spatial derivatives of the velocity within the interfaces can be effectively obtained, which facilitates the amplitude computation in dynamic ray tracing. By using complex initial conditions for the dynamic ray system and taking the multipath effect into consideration, our method is applicable to Gaussian beam migration. Numerical experiments of our method have been used to verify its effectiveness, practicability, and efficiency in memory storage and computation.

2D anisotropic multicomponent Gaussian-beam migration under complex surface conditions

Geophysics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. S89-S102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianguang Han ◽  
Qingtian Lü ◽  
Bingluo Gu ◽  
Jiayong Yan ◽  
Hao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Beam ◽  
Complex Surface ◽  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Depth Migration ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Local Plane ◽  
Gaussian Beam Migration ◽  
Wave Migration ◽  
Irregular Topography

Elastic-wave migration in anisotropic media is a vital challenge, particularly for areas with irregular topography. Gaussian-beam migration (GBM) is an accurate and flexible depth migration technique, which is adaptable for imaging complex surface areas. It retains the dynamic features of the wavefield and overcomes the multivalued traveltimes and caustic problems of Kirchhoff migration. We have extended the GBM method to work for 2D anisotropic multicomponent migration under complex surface conditions. We use Gaussian beams to calculate the wavefield from irregular topography, and we use two schemes to derive the down-continued recorded wavefields. One is based on the local slant stack as in classic GBM, in which the PP- and PS-wave seismic records within the local region are directly decomposed into local plane-wave components from irregular topography. The other scheme does not perform the local slant stack. The Green’s function is calculated with a Gaussian beam summation emitted from the receiver point at the irregular surface. Using the crosscorrelation imaging condition and combining with the 2D anisotropic ray-tracing algorithm, we develop two 2D anisotropic multicomponent Gaussian-beam prestack depth migration (GB-PSDM) methods, i.e., using the slant stack and nonslant stack, for irregular topography. Numerical tests demonstrate that our anisotropic multicomponent GB-PSDM can accurately image subsurface structures under complex topography conditions.

A practical data-driven optimization strategy for Gaussian beam migration

Geophysics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. S81-S92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jidong Yang ◽  
Hejun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Beam ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Control Factor ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Coherent Signals ◽  
Attribute Analysis ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Beam Center ◽  
Gaussian Beam Migration

Gaussian beam migration (GBM) is an efficient and accurate depth imaging technique, which allows us to resolve steep-dip structures and image multiple arrivals. Similar to Kirchhoff migration, GBM projects reflection events into the subsurface along traveltime isochrons. For data with low folds or signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), it produces migration artifacts, making it difficult for subsequent interpretation and attribute analysis. We have developed a data-driven optimization strategy to solve this problem. First, at the source and beam center locations, we estimate the instantaneous emergence angles of specular rays using semblance analysis for local common-shot and common-receiver gathers. Then, a quality control factor is designed to enhance the imaging results of coherent signals around the specular rays. Synthetic and field data examples demonstrate that our optimization strategy enables us to improve the imaging quality of GBM, especially for sparsely acquired and low-S/N data.

Salt‐flank imaging using gaussian beam migration

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. Hill ◽  
T. H. Watson ◽  
M. H. Hassler ◽  
L. K. Sisemore
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Beam ◽  
Gaussian Beam Migration
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