Active restoration fosters better recovery of tropical rainforest birds than natural regeneration in degraded forest fragments

Author(s):  
Priyanka Hariharan ◽  
T. R. Shankar Raman
Author(s):  
Fabiana Estigarribia ◽  
Joselane Príscila Gomes da Silva ◽  
Paulo Fernando Rodrigues Cândido ◽  
Nelio Domingos Da Silva ◽  
João Antonio Tanajura Silva ◽  
...  

Aims: To evaluate the shrub-tree species of natural regeneration in a remnant of Tropical Rain Forest, located in the northeastern region of Brazil. Study Design:  Systematic sampling. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in a remnant of Tropical Rainforest, categorized as a Forest of Miritiba Wildlife Refuge, located in the municipality of Abreu and Lima, distant approximately 42 km from the city of Recife, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The area has approximately 273.40 ha. The data were collected in November 2016. Methodology: The data were collected in 12 plots (25 m² each) allocated in 3 transects of 100 m in length, equidistant 50 m from each other, perpendicular to the edge of the weir located inside the fragment. The inclusion level established was a minimum height of 1.0 m and a base circumference at 30.0 cm from the ground (CAB 0.30 m) ≤ 15.0 cm. Three height classes (H) were considered, where Class I included individuals with 1.0 ≤ H ≤ 2.0 m; Class II with 2.0 <H <3.0 m and Class III with H> 3.0 m and CAP <15.0 cm. Results: A total of 41 species belonging to 24 botanical families and 31 genus were recorded, representing a density of 8,867 ind.ha-1. The five richest families were Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Melastomataceae Anacardiaceae and Sapindaceae. The species with the highest estimated densities were Protium heptaphyllum, Erythroxylum mucronatum and Hirtella racemosa. Conclusion: Among the species sampled in the regenerating component, which presented higher density and can be used for enrichment of areas in recovery process are Protium heptaphyllum, Erythroxylum mucronatum, Hirtella racemosa, Myrcia tomentosa and Eschweilera ovata.


Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1022
Author(s):  
Daniel Luis Mascia Vieira ◽  
Silvia Barbosa Rodrigues ◽  
Catarina Conte Jakovac ◽  
Gustavo Paiva Evangelista da Rocha ◽  
Fagno Reis ◽  
...  

Amazonia is well known for its high natural regeneration capacity; for this reason, passive restoration is normally recommended for the recovery of its degraded forests. However, highly deforested landscapes in southern Amazonia require active restoration. Since restoration methods can shape the quality and speed of early forest recovery, this study aimed to verify how active restoration pushes sites stably covered with exotic grasses towards forest recovery. We evaluated early forest succession at active restoration sites, i.e., soil plowing, direct seeding of pioneer species, and seedling stock planting at low density. We analyzed forest structure, diversity, and species composition in two age classes, 0.5–3.5 and 4.5–7.5 years old. As reference, we evaluated sites able to naturally regenerate in the same region. We sampled 36 active restoration and 31 natural regeneration sites along the Madeira River, southern Amazonia. Active restoration triggered succession to similar or higher levels of forest structure than sites where natural regeneration was taking place. The most dominant species did not overlap between active restoration and natural regeneration sites. The overall composition of species was different between the two restoration methods. Dominant species and size class distribution show that active restoration is performing successfully. Soil preparation combined with a high availability of seeds of pioneer trees resulted in a high stem density and basal area of facilitative pioneer trees. Planted seedlings added species diversity and increased density of large trees. Interventions to increase the odds of natural regeneration can be effective for non-regenerating sites in resilient landscapes.


2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.L. ALCALA ◽  
A.C. ALCALA ◽  
C.N. DOLINO

To elucidate effects of fragmentation and degradation of tropical rainforest on Negros Island (Philippines) on tropical herpetofauna, nine tropical rainforest fragments (eight limestone and one non-limestone), ranging in area from five to 122 ha (total area = 352 ha) in south-western Negros were surveyed using cruising and quadrat sampling methods, between December 2001 and October 2002. A 14-ha limestone plantation forest served as a reference site. Ten to fifteen of the total 61 species (16.4–24.6%) expected in the nine forest fragments (taken as a whole) had been lost in the previous 50 years. These species are known to occur in the tropical rainforest on Cuernos de Negros and environs in south-eastern Negros Island at altitudes <500 m above sea level. The factors responsible for the loss of these species appear to be (1) removal of large trees, which decreases canopy cover causing physical changes; and (2) forest fragmentation, which increases the edge areas. However, it is not possible to separate the effects of each of these two factors. The main factor that was correlated with the number of species in the limestone forest fragments appeared to be area. Two species of frogs appeared to be represented by relatively moderate population densities: the Negros cave frog (Platymantis spelaeus) and the common forest frog (Platymantis dorsalis). The burrowing skink (Brachymeles boulengeri taylori) also exhibited a relatively higher density than the other burrowing species of skinks. The other herpetofaunal species exhibited low population densities.


1999 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Zagas ◽  
T. Tsitsoni ◽  
P. Gkanatsas

Greek  Forestry relies basically on the principle of sustainability. Recently, this  term, eventhough    it is very old, has acquired a special interest as it redefines the  relation between man and    nature. Greek silviculturists adopted this principle many years ago, in the  form of providing    perpetually equal wood volumes, annually or periodically as well as other  social benefits.    Keep in mind, that the priorities and perspectives of silviculture as  discipline in Greece are the    following: The contribution to the protection of greek forests by applying  the most appropriate    silvicultural treatments as well as the rehabilitation of degraded forest  ecosystems (conversion    of coppices, cover of bare lands etc.), the maintenance of the existing  mixed forests and the    transformation of the pure conifer forests into mixed ones as well as the  improvement of structure of the high forests, the use of natural regeneration in the future in the same way it was    used so far, the prohibition of clear-cuttings in all forests and the use  of low impact management    methods, the application of selective harvesting and the keeping of  individual old trees until    their biological death, the protection of rare species and the creation of  a network of special    protected areas.


2012 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla P. Catterall ◽  
Amanda N.D. Freeman ◽  
John Kanowski ◽  
Kylie Freebody

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideo Hasegawa ◽  
Barbora Kalousova ◽  
Matthew R. McLennan ◽  
David Modry ◽  
Ilona Profousova-Psenkova ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ítalo Favoreto Campanharo ◽  
Sebastião Venâncio Martins ◽  
Pedro Manuel Villa ◽  
Gabriel Correa Kruschewsky ◽  
Andreia Aparecida Dias ◽  
...  

Currently there is an urgent and special attention in actions to restore tropical forests. In this study, we evaluated the effect of different restoration methods on aboveground biomass (AGB) stock, tree community diversity and structure, in areas affected by the Fundão tailings dam collapse in Mariana, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. We measured and compiled data of the AGB, community diversity and structure attributes in 36 plots distributed in six restoration treatments and six replicas: planting of native tree seedlings with fertilization and pH correction (PSf) and without fertilization and pH correction (PS); seeding of native trees with fertilization and pH correction (SDf) and without fertilization and pH correction (SD); natural regeneration with fertilization and pH correction (NRf) and without fertilization and pH correction (NR). No significant differences in substrate properties and AGB between treatments. Although biomass storage between treatments was not statistically different, there is a clear pattern showing higher values active restoration method. The Pielou index ranged from 0.520 (SDf) to 0.943 (NR), except for SDf all the others treatments had values higher than 0.76. This result suggests floristic heterogeneity, without ecological dominance in the plant community. Overall, active restoration had important implications for the forest restoration where natural regeneration is limited.


FLORESTA ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
CARLOS ROBERTO SANQUETTA

Este artigo apresenta um modelo de simulação para o manejo sustentável de Florestas Naturais de Araucária. Para validar o modelo foram utilizados dados advindos de três parcelas permanentes de um hectare, instaladas em 1995 e remedidas anualmente, situadas na Estação Experimental de São João do Triunfo, Centro-Sul do estado do Paraná. Informações sobre taxas de recrutamento, crescimento em diâmetro e mortalidade foram empregadas para o estudo, considerando a população de árvores com DAP acima de 10 cm. O modelo de simulação fundamentou-se na metodologia de matriz de transição, a qual considera um vetor de freqüências por classe de DAP inicial., probabilidade de transição de uma classe para outra e mortalidade para cada classe de diâmetro. Dez classes foram empregadas no estudo, considerando duas populações distintas: todas as espécies em conjunto (floresta) e a araucária em separado. Simulações feitas com o modelo para avaliar efeitos de práticas de manejo na floresta. Os resultados obtidos na simulação, apesar de preliminares, indicaram que as práticas de manejo permitidas pelos órgãos ambientais precisam ser revistas. Cortes seletivos de baixa magnitude em pequenos fragmentos florestais, como os que são geralmente praticados e permitidos por lei, não favorecem a regeneração natural do pinheiro, a principal espécie dentro da estrutura da floresta. O simulador ARAUSIS, imitando o que ocorre na natureza, indicou que é necessária a existência de perturbações mais severas e abertura de grandes clareiras na floresta para promover a regeneração natural do pinheiro. ARAUSIS: simulation system for sustainable management of araucaria forests Abstract This article presents a simulation model for the sustainable management of Araucaria Natural Forests. To validate the model, data coming from three permanent plots of one hectare each were used. The plots were established in 1995 in the Experimental Station at São João do Triunfo, Paraná State, and have been remeasured annually since then to provide figures on recruitment rates, tree diameter growth and mortality for individuals over 10 cm DBH. The simulation model was based on the transition matrix method, which considers a vector of initial frequencies by DBH class, transition probabilities of a class for other, and mortality, as well. Ten classes were used in this study, considering two different populations: all the species together (forest) and araucaria in separate. Model simulations were carried out to evaluate effects of logging practices in the forest. The results from simulations, despite of being preliminary ones, indicated that the management practices allowed by the environmental official institution in Paraná need to be reviewed. Selective logging of low magnitude in small forest fragments, as those that are generally practiced and allowed by the law, do not favor the natural regeneration of araucaria, the main species occurring in the forest. ARAUSIS simulator, imitating what happens in the reality, indicated that is necessary the existence of more severe disturbances and large openings in the forest to promote the natural regeneration of araucaria.


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