A combination of interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 production by Coxiella burnetii-stimulated circulating cells discriminates between chronic Q fever and past Q fever

Q fever is a zoonotic bacterial infection caused by Coxiella burnetii. Chronic Q fever comprises less than five percent of all Q fever cases and, of those, endocarditis is the most common presentation (up to 78% of cases), followed by vascular involvement. Risk factors for chronic Q fever with vascular involvement include previous vascular surgery, preexisting valvular defects, aneurysms, and vascular prostheses. The most common symptoms of chronic Q fever with vascular involvement are nonspecific, including weight loss, fatigue, and abdominal pain. Criteria for diagnosis of chronic Q fever include clinical evidence of infection and laboratory criteria (antibody detection, detection of Coxiella burnetii DNA, or growth in culture). Treatment of chronic Q fever with vascular involvement includes a prolonged course of doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine (≥18 months) as well as early surgical intervention, which has been shown to improve survival. Mortality is high in untreated chronic Q fever. We report a case of chronic Q fever with vascular involvement in a 77-year-old man with prior infrarenal aortic aneurysm repair, who lived near a livestock farm in the southeastern United States.

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Animals withCoxiella burnetiiInfection Demonstrate a Western Immunoblot Profile of Chronic Q Fever in Humans

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/1996/853518 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 45-48

Author(s):

TJ Marrie ◽

Linda Yates

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Phase I ◽

Phase Ii ◽

Coxiella Burnetii ◽

Q Fever ◽

Western Immunoblotting ◽

Western Immunoblot ◽

Chronic Q Fever

Western immunoblotting was used to compare the immune response toCoxiella burnetiiphase I and phase II antigens of humans with acute and chronic Q fever with that of infected cats, rabbits, cows and raccoons. The cats, rabbits, cows and raccoons had an immunoblot profile similar to that of the human with chronic Q fever.

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Genetic variation in TLR10 is not associated with chronic Q fever, despite the inhibitory effect of TLR10 on Coxiella burnetii-induced cytokines in vitro

Cytokine ◽

10.1016/j.cyto.2015.09.005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 77 ◽

pp. 196-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Anne Ammerdorffer ◽

Mark H.T. Stappers ◽

Marije Oosting ◽

Teske Schoffelen ◽

Julia C.J.P. Hagenaars ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Coxiella Burnetii ◽

Q Fever ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Chronic Q Fever

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Q fever

Microbiology Australia ◽

10.1071/ma12170 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 170

Author(s):

Robert Norton

Keyword(s):

Coxiella Burnetii ◽

Q Fever ◽

Environmental Sampling ◽

High Likelihood ◽

Obligate Intracellular Bacterium ◽

Wet Season ◽

Obligate Intracellular ◽

Chronic Q Fever ◽

Specific Symptoms ◽

Occupational Contact

Q fever is a zoonosis caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii. North Queensland has some of the highest rates of Q fever notifications in Australia. The clinical diagnosis of Q fever can be difficult with non-specific symptoms. Up to 5% of cases will develop chronic Q fever with a high likelihood of endocarditis. Diagnosis is essentially by serology. In North Queensland cases have clustered in relatively new, semi-rural suburbs which lie adjacent to native bushland. Native mammals are attracted to new growth in these cleared areas, particularly after the wet season. There is little or no occupational contact with traditional sources of Q fever such as cattle. Seroprevalence studies on native mammals have shown higher levels of seropositivity in native mammals than in cattle. It is postulated that the increase in human cases seen from these areas are a direct effect of interaction between native mammals and humans. Further studies on environmental sampling is currently under way.

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Increases in the Levels of Coxiella burnetii-Specific Immunoglobulin G1 and G3 Antibodies in Acute Q Fever and Chronic Q Fever

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology ◽

10.1128/cdli.5.6.814-816.1998 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 814-816 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Christian Capo ◽

Ioana Iorgulescu ◽

Maryse Mutillod ◽

Jean-Louis Mege ◽

Didier Raoult

Keyword(s):

Detailed Analysis ◽

Coxiella Burnetii ◽

Q Fever ◽

Humoral Response ◽

Specific Antibodies ◽

Chronic Q Fever ◽

Specific Immunoglobulin ◽

Acute Q Fever ◽

Insight Into

ABSTRACT A detailed analysis of the humoral response to Coxiella burnetii may provide insight into the pathogenesis of Q fever, a zoonosis caused by C. burnetii. The subclasses of C. burnetii-specific antibodies were determined by immunofluorescence in 20 patients with acute Q fever and 20 patients with chronic Q fever. Although immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG3 antibodies were found in acute and chronic Q fever, neither IgG2 nor IgG4 was detected. The detection of IgG1 and IgG3 antibodies was not due to an increase of the IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses. Moreover, IgG1 and IgG3 antibodies were not correlated, suggesting that they may play different roles in Q fever.

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