From Village Artisans to Industrial Clusters: Agendas and Policy Gaps in Indian Rural Industrialization

This chapter considers the development of four important Taiwanese industrial clusters: bicycles, machine tools, integrated circuits (ICs), and information and communication technologies (ICT) hardware. Three of these clusters grew out of the networked production of Taiwan’s rural industrialization process. The exception was the IC industry, which was created by the state in light of private capital’s reluctance to invest. While the IC industry did not originate out of local networks of industrial production, it did draw on networks of Taiwanese technologists abroad to develop. All four industries shared the common feature of state-supported institutions to diffuse technology to local firms. The industrial clusters that have proved sustainable are either characterized by relational value chains supported by government technical institutions (bicycles and machine tools) or modular value chains where Taiwan was able to enter high-value segments early in its cluster development.

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Rural Industrialization and Environmental Governance Challenges in the Red River Delta, Vietnam

The Journal of Environment & Development ◽

10.1177/1070496520942564 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 420-448

Author(s):

Trung D. Dang ◽

Thong A. Tran

Keyword(s):

Environmental Pollution ◽

Environmental Governance ◽

Market Competition ◽

Industrial Clusters ◽

River Delta ◽

Rapid Expansion ◽

Red River ◽

Red River Delta ◽

Rural Industrialization ◽

Governance Challenges

This article examines factors and root causes of dilemma and environmental governance challenges in the Red River Delta of Vietnam. Since the Renovation ( Đổi Mới) period, there has been an accelerating growth of craft villages and industrial clusters in rural areas. While these processes contribute to creating jobs, increasing rural income, and assuaging rural–urban migration pressures, little attention is devoted to environmental effects they have caused at the village level. Drawing on case studies in the Red River Delta and desk reviews, this study suggests that rural industrialization has witnessed rapid expansion of craft villages and intense market competition among them, leading to environmental pollution and resource depletion. Although the Vietnamese government has issued directives and environmental laws to regulate and control environmental pollution, the situations remain unabated. This study calls for sound environmental policies to sustain the operation of craft villages while ensuring the effective governance of rural industrialization.

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Rural Industrialization in Korea: Policy Program, Performance and Rural Entrepreneurship

Journal of Economics and Development ◽

10.33301/2013015.01.03 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 49-73

Author(s):

Suh Chong-Hyuk ◽

Kim Hyong-Mo

Keyword(s):

Rural Development ◽

Farm Income ◽

Industrial Park ◽

Income Source ◽

Rural Industrialization ◽

Rural Entrepreneurship ◽

Industrial Parks ◽

Policy Program ◽

Industrialization Policy ◽

Stagnation Period

From the early seventies the Korean Government has adopted a rural industrialization policy as an important measure for promoting rural development. It has been perceived that through this measure the over-concentration of economic activity would be controlled and dispersed. Development of rural industrialization has passed through three different phases: i) the period of promoting rural cottage-type industries (1960-80); ii) the period of rural industrial park establishment; and iii) a stagnation period after the early 1990s. Throughout the overall period government policy changed from an individual project-oriented approach to a diversified and comprehensive policy program. The policy programs, such as the development of rural industrial parks, off-farm income source development and vocational training programs for farm youths, have helped in promoting rural industrialization. On the other hand, policy programs promoting rural out-migration and unbalanced regional development policy have impacted negatively on rural industrialization. Presently one of the serious policy issues facing rural industries is how to secure a young labor force and how to promote rural entrepreneurship. In addition, rural development efforts by local government and authorities are necessary in order to increase investment from urban-based entrepreneur firms. Keywords:Rural industrialization, farm household, off-farm income, rural development, rural industrial park, rural

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Industrial Clusters: a New Idea or an Old One?

Scottish Affairs ◽

10.3366/scot.1999.0052 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 29 (First Serie (1) ◽

pp. 73-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gavin McCrone

Keyword(s):

Industrial Clusters

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Industrial Clusters: Scotland's Route to Economic Success

Scottish Affairs ◽

10.3366/scot.1999.0050 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 29 (First Serie (1) ◽

pp. 43-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ron Botham ◽

Bob Downes

Keyword(s):

Industrial Clusters ◽

Economic Success

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Stochastic optimization of economic, financial, information, and logistics inter-cluster cooperation

Finance and Credit ◽

10.24891/fc.26.9.1928 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 1928-1950

Author(s):

S.N. Yashin ◽

Yu.V. Trifonov ◽

E.V. Koshelev

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

Population Growth ◽

Stochastic Optimization ◽

Optimization Model ◽

Federal District ◽

Industrial Clusters ◽

Financial Information ◽

Policy Management ◽

Federal Districts ◽

Further Development

Subject. This article deals with the simulation technologies based on the principles of stochastic optimization. They can bring a significant financial effect in the planning of investment development of both individual innovation and industrial clusters and federal districts of the country. Objectives. The article aims to investigate the mechanisms of inter-cluster cooperation within a single district. Methods. For the analysis, we used a stochastic optimization model in view of economic, financial, information, and logistics inter-cluster cooperation within a single federal district. Results. The considered stochastic optimization model of economic, financial, information, and logistics inter-cluster cooperation shows that the increase in fixed investment does not always cause population growth in the federal district regions. Conclusions. The use of a digital twin mechanism of inter-cluster cooperation can help avoid premature unreasonable public policy management decisions regarding the further development of innovation and industrial clusters.

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