Overcoming Barriers to Implementing the International Code of Marketing of Breast Milk Substitutes—The Rosebud Experience

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. S62-S63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifton J. Kenon
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
International Code ◽  
Breast Milk Substitutes ◽  
Milk Substitutes

Implementation of International Code of Marketing Breast-Milk Substitutes in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 467-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aihua Liu ◽  
Yaohua Dai ◽  
Xiaohua Xie ◽  
Li Chen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
International Code ◽  
Breast Milk Substitutes ◽  
Milk Substitutes

scholarly journals Evidence of Violations of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes since the Adoption by the World Health Assembly in 1981: A Systematic Scoping Review Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9523
Author(s):  
Genevieve E. Becker ◽  
Constance Ching ◽  
Paul Zambrano ◽  
Allison Burns ◽  
Jennifer Cashin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Question ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Code ◽  
World Health Assembly ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
The World ◽  
Breast Milk Substitutes ◽  
Milk Substitutes

This is the protocol for a scoping review that aims to systematically explore and summarise the published evidence of violations of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes (the Code) and subsequent World Health Assembly Resolutions globally. The planned scoping review will seek to identify what research has been conducted on the topic, examine the geographic spread and nature of violations, and summarise knowledge gaps. The Code was adopted in 1981 by the World Health Assembly to protect infant health, in particular from aggressive and inappropriate marketing of breastmilk substitutes including formula and related products. Non-compliance with the Code or violations are described in reports, however, no existing systematic review of the global research appears to have been conducted that encompasses the varied disciplines including health, economics, and gender. The review will inform international and national decision-makers on the nature of violations and potentially highlight the need for new modalities to regulate this marketing. The proposed scoping review will use the six-step process of Arksey and O’Malley which includes defining the research question; identifying the relevant literature; selecting studies; charting the data; collating, summarising and reporting the findings; and will include a consultative group.

scholarly journals Recommendations for Adopting the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes Into U.S. Policy

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Soldavini ◽  
Lindsey Smith Taillie
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Code ◽  
The World ◽  
Breast Milk Substitutes ◽  
Milk Substitutes ◽  
Health Organization

In 1981, the World Health Organization adopted the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes ( International Code), with subsequent resolutions adopted since then. The International Code contributes to the safe and adequate provision of nutrition for infants by protecting and promoting breastfeeding and ensuring that human milk substitutes, when necessary, are used properly through adequate information and appropriate marketing and distribution. Despite the World Health Organization recommendations for all member nations to implement the International Code in its entirety, the United States has yet to take action to translate it into any national measures. In 2012, only 22.3% of infants in the United States met the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation of at least 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding. Countries adopting legislation reflecting the provisions of the International Code have seen increases in breastfeeding rates. This article discusses recommendations for translating the International Code into U.S. policy. Adopting legislation that implements, monitors, and enforces the International Code in its entirety has the potential to contribute to increased rates of breastfeeding in the United States, which can lead to improved health outcomes in both infants and breastfeeding mothers.

scholarly journals Who's keeping the code? Compliance with the international code for the marketing of breast-milk substitutes in Greater Glasgow

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 719-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhona J McInnes ◽  
Charlotte Wright ◽  
Shogufta Haq ◽  
Margaret McGranachan
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
International Code ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Breast Milk Substitutes ◽  
Milk Substitutes ◽  
Primary Care Staff

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate compliance with the World Health Organization's International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes in primary care, after the introduction of strict local infant feeding guidelines.DesignAn audit form was sent to all community-based health professionals with an infant feeding remit. Walking tours were conducted in a random sample of community care facilities.SettingGreater Glasgow Primary Care Division.Subjects(1) Primary-care staff with an infant feeding remit; (2) community health-care facilities.Main outcome measuresContact with manufacturers of breast-milk substitutes (BMS) and BMS company personnel, free samples or incentives, and advertising of BMS.ResultsContact with company personnel was minimal, usually unsolicited and was mainly to provide product information. Free samples of BMS or feeding equipment were rare but childcare or parenting literature was more prevalent. Staff voiced concerns about the lack of relevant information for bottle-feeding mothers and the need to support the mother's feeding choice. One-third of facilities were still displaying materials non-compliant with the Code, with the most common materials being weight conversion charts and posters.ConclusionsContact between personnel from primary care and BMS companies was minimal and generally unsolicited. The presence of materials from BMS companies in health-care premises was more common. Due to the high level of bottle-feeding in Glasgow, primary-care staff stated a need for information about BMS.

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