scholarly journals Genome-wide association study of alcohol use disorder identification test (AUDIT) scores in 20 328 research participants of European ancestry

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Sanchez-Roige ◽  
Pierre Fontanillas ◽  
Sarah L. Elson ◽  
Joshua C. Gray ◽  
Harriet de Wit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Disorder Identification

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study of Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) scores in 20,328 research participants of European ancestry

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Sanchez-Roige ◽  
Pierre Fontanillas ◽  
Sarah L. Elson ◽  
Joshua C. Gray ◽  
Harriet de Wit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Audit Score ◽  
Disorder Identification

ABSTRACTGenetic factors contribute to the risk for developing alcohol use disorder (AUD). In collaboration with the genetics company 23andMe, Inc., we performed a genome-wide association (GWAS) study of the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), an instrument designed to screen for alcohol misuse over the past year. Our final sample consisted of 20,328 research participants of European ancestry (55.3% females; mean age = 53.8, SD = 16.1) who reported ever using alcohol. Our results showed that the ‘chip-heritability’ of AUDIT score, when treated as a continuous phenotype, was 12%. No loci reached genome-wide significance. The gene ADH1C, which has been previously implicated in AUD, was among our most significant associations (4.4 × 10−7; rs141973904). We also detected a suggestive association on chromosome 1 (2.1 × 10−7; rs182344113) near the gene KCNJ9, which has been implicated in mouse models of high ethanol drinking. Using LD score regression, we identified positive genetic correlations between AUDIT score and AUD, high alcohol consumption, and cigarette smoking. We also observed an unexpected positive genetic correlation between AUDIT and educational attainment, and additional unexpected negative correlations with BMI/obesity and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We conclude that conducting a genetic study using data from a population unselected for AUD and responding to an online questionnaire may represent a cost-effective strategy for elucidating the etiology of AUD.

Item-Level Genome-Wide Association Study of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test in Three Population-Based Cohorts

2021 ◽  
pp. appi.ajp.2020.2
Author(s):  
Travis T. Mallard ◽  
Jeanne E. Savage ◽  
Emma C. Johnson ◽  
Yuye Huang ◽  
Alexis C. Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Item Level ◽  
Identification Test

scholarly journals Publisher Correction: Genome-wide association study of delay discounting in 23,217 adult research participants of European ancestry

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1018-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Sanchez-Roige ◽  
◽  
Pierre Fontanillas ◽  
Sarah L. Elson ◽  
Anita Pandit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Genome Wide

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study of delay discounting in 23,217 adult research participants of European ancestry

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Sanchez-Roige ◽  
◽  
Pierre Fontanillas ◽  
Sarah L. Elson ◽  
Anita Pandit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Genome Wide

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study of problematic opioid prescription use in 132,113 23andMe research participants of European ancestry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Sanchez-Roige ◽  
Pierre Fontanillas ◽  
Mariela V. Jennings ◽  
Sevim B. Bianchi ◽  
Yuye Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Genome Wide

AbstractThe growing prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD) constitutes an urgent health crisis. Ample evidence indicates that risk for OUD is heritable. As a surrogate (or proxy) for OUD, we explored the genetic basis of using prescription opioids ‘not as prescribed’. We hypothesized that misuse of opiates might be a heritable risk factor for OUD. To test this hypothesis, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of problematic opioid use (POU) in 23andMe research participants of European ancestry (N = 132,113; 21% cases). We identified two genome-wide significant loci (rs3791033, an intronic variant of KDM4A; rs640561, an intergenic variant near LRRIQ3). POU showed positive genetic correlations with the two largest available GWAS of OUD and opioid dependence (rg = 0.64, 0.80, respectively). We also identified numerous additional genetic correlations with POU, including alcohol dependence (rg = 0.74), smoking initiation (rg = 0.63), pain relief medication intake (rg = 0.49), major depressive disorder (rg = 0.44), chronic pain (rg = 0.42), insomnia (rg = 0.39), and loneliness (rg = 0.28). Although POU was positively genetically correlated with risk-taking (rg = 0.38), conditioning POU on risk-taking did not substantially alter the magnitude or direction of these genetic correlations, suggesting that POU does not simply reflect a genetic tendency towards risky behavior. Lastly, we performed phenome- and lab-wide association analyses, which uncovered additional phenotypes that were associated with POU, including respiratory failure, insomnia, ischemic heart disease, and metabolic and blood-related biomarkers. We conclude that opioid misuse can be measured in population-based cohorts and provides a cost-effective complementary strategy for understanding the genetic basis of OUD.

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study of problematic opioid prescription use in 132,113 23andMe research participants of European ancestry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Sanchez-Roige ◽  
Pierre Fontanillas ◽  
Mariela V Jennings ◽  
Sevim Bianchi ◽  
Yuye Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Genome Wide

Rates of opioid use disorder (OUD) constitute an urgent health crisis. Ample evidence indicates that risk for OUD is heritable. As a surrogate (or proxy) for OUD, we explored the genetic basis of using opioids "not as prescribed". We hypothesized that misuse of opiates might be a heritable risk factor for OUD. To test this hypothesis, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of problematic opioid use (POU; "ever taking opioid prescriptions not as prescribed") in 132,113 23andMe research participants of European ancestry (Ncases=27,805). Our GWAS identified two genome-wide significant loci (rs3791033, an intronic variant of KDM4A; rs640561, an intergenic variant near LRRIQ3). POU showed a positive genetic correlation with opioid dependence and OUD, as measured in the largest available GWAS (rg=0.57-0.80). We also identified numerous additional genetic correlations with POU, including alcohol dependence (rg=0.74), smoking initiation (rg=0.63), pain relief medication intake (rg=0.49), major depressive disorder (rg=0.44), chronic pain (rg=0.42), insomnia (rg=0.39), and loneliness (rg=0.28). Although POU was positively genetically correlated with risk-taking (rg=0.38), conditioning POU on risk-taking did not substantially alter the magnitude or direction of these genetic correlations, suggesting that POU does not simply reflect a general tendency for risky behavior. We conclude that opioid misuse can be measured in population-based cohorts and provides a cost-effective complementary strategy for understanding the genetic basis of OUD.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association Study Meta-Analysis of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in Two Population-Based Cohorts

2019 ◽  
Vol 176 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Sanchez-Roige ◽  
Abraham A. Palmer ◽  
Pierre Fontanillas ◽  
Sarah L. Elson ◽  
Mark J. Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Identification Test

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study of delay discounting in 23,217 adult research participants of European ancestry

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Sanchez-Roige ◽  
Pierre Fontanillas ◽  
Sarah L. Elson ◽  
Anita Pandit ◽  
Ellen M. Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

ABSTRACTDelay discounting (DD), which is the tendency to discount the value of delayed versus current rewards, is elevated in a constellation of diseases and behavioral conditions. We performed a genome-wide association study of DD using 23,127 research participants of European ancestry. The most significantly associated SNP was rs6528024 (P = 2.40 × 10−8), which is located in an intron of the gene GPM6B. We also showed that 12% of the variance in DD was accounted for by genotype, and that the genetic signature of DD overlapped with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, major depression, smoking, personality, cognition, and body weight.

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