Exercise interventions in healthy older adults with sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Vlietstra ◽  
Wendy Hendrickx ◽  
Debra L Waters
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Exercise Interventions

scholarly journals Repetition Priming in Individuals with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Dementia: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liselotte De Wit ◽  
Vitoria Piai ◽  
Pilar Thangwaritorn ◽  
Brynn Johnson ◽  
Deirdre O’Shea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Repetition Priming ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Amnestic Mci ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
Priming Paradigm

AbstractThe literature on repetition priming in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is inconsistent, with some findings supporting spared priming while others do not. Several factors may explain these inconsistencies, including AD severity (e.g., dementia vs. Mild Cognitive Impairment; MCI) and priming paradigm-related characteristics. This systematic review and meta-analysis provides a quantitative summary of repetition priming in AD. We examined the between-group standard mean difference comparing repetition priming in AD dementia or amnestic MCI (aMCI; presumably due to AD) to controls. Thirty-two studies were selected, including 590 individuals with AD dementia, 267 individuals with amnestic MCI, and 703 controls. Our results indicated that both individuals with aMCI and AD dementia perform worse on repetition priming tasks than cognitively older adults. Paradigm-related moderators suggested that the effect size between studies comparing the combined aMCI or AD dementia group to cognitively healthy older adults was the highest for paradigms that required participants to produce, rather than identify, primes during the test phase. Our results further suggested that priming in AD is impaired for both conceptual and perceptual priming tasks. Lastly, while our results suggested that priming in AD is impaired for priming tasks that require deep processing, we were unable to draw firm conclusions about whether priming is less impaired in aMCI or AD dementia for paradigms that require shallow processing.

scholarly journals Exercise-Based Interventions to Enhance Long-Term Sustainability of Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sansano-Nadal ◽  
Giné-Garriga ◽  
Brach ◽  
Wert ◽  
Jerez-Roig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Mean Differences

Exercise is a form of physical activity (PA). PA is an important marker of health and quality of life in older adults. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to assess the effect of exercise-based interventions on an at least six-month follow up PA measure, and to describe the specific strategies implemented during the intervention to strengthen the sustainability of PA in community-dwelling 65+ year-old adults. We registered and conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42017070892) of randomized clinical trials (RCT). We searched three electronic databases during January 2018 to identify RCT assessing any type of exercise-based intervention. Studies had to report a pre-, post-, and at least 6-month post-intervention follow-up. To be included, at least one PA outcome had to be assessed. The effect of exercise-based interventions was assessed compared to active (e.g., a low-intensity type of exercise, such as stretching or toning activities) and non-active (e.g., usual care) control interventions at several time points. Secondary analyses were conducted, restricted to studies that reported specific strategies to enhance the sustainability of PA. The intervention effect was measured on self-reported and objective measures of time spent in PA, by means of standardized mean differences. Standardized mean differences of PA level were pooled. Pooled estimates of effect were computed with the DerSimonian–Laird method, applying a random effects model. The risk of bias was also assessed. We included 12 studies, comparing 18 exercise intervention groups to four active and nine non-active control groups. Nine studies reported specific strategies to enhance the long-term sustainability of PA. The strategies were mostly related to the self-efficacy, self-control, and behavior capability principles based on the social cognitive theory. Exercise interventions compared to active control showed inconclusive and heterogeneous results. When compared to non-active control, exercise interventions improved PA time at the six-months follow up (standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.30; 95%CI 0.15 to 0.44; four studies; 724 participants; I2 0%), but not at the one- or two-years follow-ups. No data were available on the mid- and long-term effect of adding strategies to enhance the sustainability of PA. Exercise interventions have small clinical benefits on PA levels in community-dwelling older adults, with a decline in the observed improvement after six months of the intervention cessation.

Safety and Effectiveness of Long-Term Exercise Interventions in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1095-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio García-Hermoso ◽  
Robinson Ramirez-Vélez ◽  
Mikel L. Sáez de Asteasu ◽  
Nicolás Martínez-Velilla ◽  
Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals 0614 IS OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA RELATED TO NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTION IN HEALTHY OLDER ADULTS? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

SLEEP ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. A227-A228
Author(s):  
N Cross ◽  
A Lampit ◽  
J Pye ◽  
R Grunstein ◽  
N Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Neuropsychological Function ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

scholarly journals Do Exercise Interventions Improve Participation in Life Roles in Older Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 97 (10) ◽  
pp. 964-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marla K. Beauchamp ◽  
Annemarie Lee ◽  
Rachel F. Ward ◽  
Samantha M. Harrison ◽  
Paul A. Bain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Life Roles

scholarly journals Effects of Balance Training on Balance Performance in Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1721-1738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Lesinski ◽  
Tibor Hortobágyi ◽  
Thomas Muehlbauer ◽  
Albert Gollhofer ◽  
Urs Granacher
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Healthy Older Adults
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