Population‐based study found that placental histology predicted adverse outcomes in extremely premature neonates in Norway

Background. Abdominal obesity is a major risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and premature death. However, it has not been resolved which factors predispose for the development of these adverse obesity-related outcomes in otherwise healthy individuals with abdominal obesity.Methods. We studied 1,506 abdominal obese individuals (waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) ≥ 0.5) free of CVD or T2DM from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania and assessed the incidence of CVD or T2DM after a five-year followup. Logistic regression models were adjusted for major cardiovascular risk factors and liver, kidney diseases, and sociodemographic status.Results. During follow-up time, we observed 114 and 136 new T2DM and CVD cases, respectively. Regression models identified age, waist circumference, serum glucose, and liver disease as predictors of T2DM. Regarding CVD, only age, unemployment, and a divorced or widowed marital status were significantly associated with incident CVD. In this subgroup of obese individuals blood pressure, serum glucose, or lipids did not influence incidence of T2DM or CVD.Conclusion. We identified various factors associated with an increased risk of incident T2DM and CVD among abdominally obese individuals. These findings may improve the detection of high-risk individuals and help to advance prevention strategies in abdominal obesity.

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Population-based study of presentation and adverse outcomes after femoral hernia surgery

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1002/bjs.9336 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 100 (13) ◽

pp. 1827-1832 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

D. J. Humes ◽

R. S. Radcliffe ◽

C. Camm ◽

J. West

Keyword(s):

Femoral Hernia ◽

Population Based ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Hernia Surgery ◽

Population Based Study

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Ventilator flow data predict bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely premature neonates

ERJ Open Research ◽

10.1183/23120541.00099-2017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 00099-2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mariann H. Bentsen ◽

Trond Markestad ◽

Thomas Halvorsen

Keyword(s):

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽

Airflow Obstruction ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Population Based ◽

Flow Data ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Premature Neonates ◽

Custom Made ◽

Compound Model ◽

Expiratory Flow

Early prediction of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) may facilitate tailored management for neonates at risk. We investigated whether easily accessible flow data from a mechanical ventilator can predict BPD in neonates born extremely premature (EP).In a prospective population-based study of EP-born neonates, flow data were obtained from the ventilator during the first 48 h of life. Data were logged for >10 min and then converted to flow–volume loops using custom-made software. Tidal breathing parameters were calculated and averaged from ≥200 breath cycles, and data were compared between those who later developed moderate/severe and no/mild BPD.Of 33 neonates, 18 developed moderate/severe and 15 no/mild BPD. The groups did not differ in gestational age, surfactant treatment or ventilator settings. The infants who developed moderate/severe BPD had evidence of less airflow obstruction, significantly so for tidal expiratory flow at 50% of tidal expiratory volume (TEF50) expressed as a ratio of peak tidal expiratory flow (PTEF) (p=0.007). A compound model estimated by multiple logistic regression incorporating TEF50/PTEF, birthweight z-score and sex predicted moderate/severe BPD with good accuracy (area under the curve 0.893, 95% CI 0.735–0.973).This study suggests that flow data obtained from ventilators during the first hours of life may predict later BPD in premature neonates. Future and larger studies are needed to validate these findings and to determine their clinical usefulness.

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