Incidence of calf scours and associated risk factors in southern New South Wales beef herds

AbstractGiardiasis is one of the most important non-viral causes of human diarrhoea. Yet, little is known about the epidemiology of giardiasis in the context of developed countries such as Australia and there is a limited information about local sources of exposure to inform prevention strategies in New South Wales. This study aimed to (1) describe the epidemiology of giardiasis and (2) identify potential modifiable risk factors associated with giardiasis that are unique to south-western Sydney, Australia. A 1:2 matched case-control study of 190 confirmed giardiasis cases notified to the South-Western Local Health District Public Health Unit from January to December 2016 was employed to investigate the risk factors for giardiasis. Two groups of controls were selected to increase response rate; Pertussis cases and neighbourhood (NBH) controls. A matched analysis was carried out for both control groups separately. Variables with a significant odds ratio (OR) in the univariate analysis were placed into a multivariable regression for each matched group, respectively. In the regression model with the NBH controls, age and sex were controlled as potential confounders. Identified risk factors included being under 5 years of age (aOR = 7.08; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.02–49.36), having a household member diagnosed with a gastrointestinal illness (aOR = 15.89; 95% CI 1.53–164.60) and having contact with farm animals, domestic animals or wildlife (aOR = 3.03; 95% CI 1.08–8.54). Cases that travelled overseas were at increased risk of infection (aOR = 19.89; 95% CI 2.00–197.37) when compared with Pertussis cases. This study provides an update on the epidemiology and associated risk factors of a neglected tropical disease, which can inform enhanced surveillance and prevention strategies in the developed metropolitan areas.

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Significance of Theileria orientalis types in individual affected beef herds in New South Wales based on clinical, smear and PCR findings

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.12.059 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 196 (1-2) ◽

pp. 96-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Graeme J. Eamens ◽

Graham Bailey ◽

Cheryl Jenkins ◽

Jocelyn R. Gonsalves

Keyword(s):

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Theileria Orientalis ◽

South Wales ◽

Beef Herds

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Prevalence of chronic disease risk factors in 35- to 44-year-old humanitarian arrivals to New South Wales (NSW), Australia

Australian Journal of Primary Health ◽

10.1071/py18042 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 19 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Meena Chandra ◽

Anthea Duri ◽

Mitchell Smith

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

Disease Risk ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Indigenous Populations ◽

Indigenous Australian ◽

Australian Health ◽

Chronic Disease Risk ◽

South Wales

The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence of chronic disease risk factors in humanitarian arrivals to Sydney, New South Wales (NSW) with the Australian Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations aged 35–44 years. Data on risk factors collected from 237 refugees presenting to the NSW Refugee Health Service (RHS) from January 2015 to August 2016 were retrospectively analysed and compared with data from the Australian Health Surveys, 2011–13 for the Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian populations. This study found significantly higher levels of triglycerides (z=3; 95% CI, 0.16–0.26); hypertension (z=3.2; 95% CI, 0.17–0.29); and smoking (z=3.5; 95% CI, 0.27–0.33) in refugees compared with the general Australian population. The Indigenous population had significantly higher levels of triglycerides (z=4; 95% CI, 0.16–0.26); body mass indexes (BMIs) (z=3.3; 95% CI 0.58–0.72); and smoking (z=5.4; 95 CI 0.27–0.33) compared with refugees. Based on the study findings, screening for chronic disease risk factors from age 35 years may be warranted in all humanitarian arrivals to Australia, along with dietary and lifestyle advice.

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