scholarly journals The expansion wave of an invasive predator leaves declining waterbird populations behind

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Brzeziński ◽  
Michał Żmihorski ◽  
Marek Nieoczym ◽  
Piotr Wilniewczyc ◽  
Andrzej Zalewski
Keyword(s):  
Expansion Wave ◽  
Invasive Predator

scholarly journals Invasive Burmese pythons alter host use and virus infection in the vector of a zoonotic virus

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan D. Burkett-Cadena ◽  
Erik M. Blosser ◽  
Anne A. Loggins ◽  
Monica C. Valente ◽  
Maureen T. Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Host Use ◽  
Invasive Predator ◽  
Cotton Rats ◽  
Generalized Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Python Bivittatus ◽  
Southern Florida

AbstractThe composition of wildlife communities can have strong effects on transmission of zoonotic vector-borne pathogens, with more diverse communities often supporting lower infection prevalence in vectors (dilution effect). The introduced Burmese python, Python bivittatus, is eliminating large and medium-sized mammals throughout southern Florida, USA, impacting local communities and the ecology of zoonotic pathogens. We investigated invasive predator-mediated impacts on ecology of Everglades virus (EVEV), a zoonotic pathogen endemic to Florida that circulates in mosquito-rodent cycle. Using binomial generalized linear mixed effects models of field data at areas of high and low python densities, we show that increasing diversity of dilution host (non-rodent mammals) is associated with decreasing blood meals on amplifying hosts (cotton rats), and that increasing cotton rat host use is associated with increasing EVEV infection in vector mosquitoes. The Burmese python has caused a dramatic decrease in mammal diversity in southern Florida, which has shifted vector host use towards EVEV amplifying hosts (rodents), resulting in an indirect increase in EVEV infection prevalence in vector mosquitoes, putatively elevating human transmission risk. Our results indicate that an invasive predator can impact wildlife communities in ways that indirectly affect human health, highlighting the need for conserving biological diversity and natural communities.

Wing buzzing as a potential antipredator defense against an invasive predator

Food Webs ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. e00192
Author(s):  
Samantha J. Sawyer ◽  
Travis W. Rusch ◽  
Aaron M. Tarone ◽  
Jeffery K. Tomberlin
Keyword(s):  
Antipredator Defense ◽  
Invasive Predator

On expansion waves generated by the refraction of a plane shock at a gas interface

1967 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Expansion Wave ◽  
Plane Shock ◽  
Wave System ◽  
Expansion Waves ◽  
Reflected Wave ◽  
Expansion Fan ◽  
New Type ◽  
Self Similar ◽  
Fixed Boundaries ◽  
Mapping Theory

The paper deals with the regular refraction of a plane shock at a gas interface for the particular case where the reflected wave is an expansion fan. Numerical results are presented for the air–CH4 and air–CO2 gas combinations which are respectively examples of ‘slow–fast’ and ‘fast–slow’ refractions. It is found that a previously unreported condition exists in which the reflected wave solutions may be multi-valued. The hodograph mapping theory predicts a new type of regular–irregular transition for a refraction in this condition. The continuous expansion wave type of irregular refraction is also examined. The existence of this wave system is found to depend on the flow being self-similar. By contrast the expansion wave becomes centred when the flow becomes steady. Transitions within the ordered set of regular solutions are examined and it is shown that they may be either continuous or discontinuous. The continuous types appear to be associated with fixed boundaries and the discontinuous types with movable boundaries. Finally, a number of almost linear relations between the wave strengths are noted.

Evolution or Extinction: Might Zooplankton Adaptively Respond to the Novel Invasive Predator Bythotrephes longimanus?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Bloomfield
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Migration ◽  
Diel Vertical Migration ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Bythotrephes Longimanus ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Invasive Predators ◽  
Invasive Predator ◽  
Introduced Predators

Invasive predators are a large and growing threat to species diversity and human well-being. One of the reasons invasive predators have a negative impact is that native prey species do not possess appropriate anti-predator defenses. However, rapid evolution may allow prey species to respond adaptively to introduced predators. When this occurs the impacts of invasive predators are mitigated. An invasive predator that is of concern in North America is the spiny water flea, Bythotrephes longimanus. It disrupts freshwater ecosystems through voracious consumption of zooplankton. Declines in zooplankton abundance and richness reduce water quality and recreational fishing opportunities. However, a species of zooplankton, Daphnia mendotae has been found to adaptively respond to B. longimanus. This adaptation is diel vertical migration, the behavioral change of occupying a lower position in the water column during the day to reduce predation risk. Despite the ecological and economic implications of this behavior in response to B. longimanus, it has only been studied in a few lakes. This study investigated adaptive diel vertical migration in D. mendotae from multiple lakes. This was done by measuring the vertical position of D. mendotae in artificial water columns. It was hypothesized that D. mendotae from lakes that have been invaded by B. longimanus will exhibit diel vertical migration in the presence of B. longimanus. If this hypothesis is supported, rapid evolution of diel vertical migration can be established as a widespread response. This would strengthen understanding of rapid evolution and allow lakes more vulnerable to B.longimanus to be identified.

Association of CN in an Expansion Wave

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 1327-1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Bauer ◽  
W. S. Watt
Keyword(s):  
Expansion Wave

Unsteady Compressible Laminar Boundary-Layer Flow within a Moving Expansion Wave

AIAA Journal ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1551-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lang Mann Chang ◽  
Ching-Jen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Laminar Boundary Layer ◽  
Boundary Layer Flow ◽  
Expansion Wave ◽  
Layer Flow

Rapid evolution of constitutive and inducible defenses against an invasive predator

Ecology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 1520-1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana L. Nunes ◽  
Germán Orizaola ◽  
Anssi Laurila ◽  
Rui Rebelo
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Inducible Defenses ◽  
Invasive Predator

scholarly journals Vibrational Relaxation Measurements of Carbon Monoxide in a Shock‐Tube Expansion Wave

1970 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 2850-2857 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ian McLaren ◽  
John P. Appleton
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Shock Tube ◽  
Vibrational Relaxation ◽  
Expansion Wave ◽  
Relaxation Measurements ◽  
Tube Expansion
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