Is the Gender Gap in College Enrollment Influenced by Nonmarital Birth Rates and Father Absence?

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Doherty ◽  
Brian J. Willoughby ◽  
Jason L. Wilde



2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Chuan ◽  
Weilong Zhang


2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelly J. Lundberg
Keyword(s):  






Demography ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 345-378
Author(s):  
Mónica L. Caudillo ◽  
Andrés Villarreal

Abstract The United States has experienced a dramatic rise in opioid addiction and opioid overdose deaths in recent years. We investigate the effect of the opioid epidemic at the local level on nonmarital fertility using aggregate- and individual-level analyses. Opioid overdose death rates and prescriptions per capita are used as indicators of the intensity of the opioid epidemic. We estimate area fixed-effects models to test the effect of the opioid epidemic on nonmarital birth rates obtained from vital statistics for 2000–2016. We find an increase in nonmarital birth rates in communities that experienced a rise in opioid overdose deaths and higher prescription rates. Our analyses also show that the local effect of the opioid epidemic is not driven by a reduction in marriage rates and that marital birth rates are unaffected. Individual-level data from the ACS 2008–2016 are then used to further assess the potential causal mechanisms and to test heterogeneous effects by education and race/ethnicity. Our findings suggest that the opioid epidemic increased nonmarital birth rates through social disruptions primarily affecting unmarried women but not through changes in their economic condition.





2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-192
Author(s):  
Heidi Obach ◽  
Angran Li ◽  
Simon Cheng

Sociological research examines the gender gap reversal in higher education and the gender division in paid and unpaid labor for adult women, especially “the second shift literature,” as two distinct topics. In this study, we extend the insights of the second shift literature to research on youth labor and adolescents’ enrollment in higher education. Using data from the Youth Development Study from 1988 to 1992, we find that the negative association of unpaid labor with adolescents’ college enrollment odds was at least as large as, if not greater than, that of paid labor. Although labor engagement had adverse impacts both for female and male adolescents during this time, the negative associations of youth labor with college enrollment were more pronounced for male students. We discuss the implications of these findings and explain their relevance to more contemporary cohorts of high school students in the conclusion.



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