Land use intensification increasingly drives the spatiotemporal patterns of the global human appropriation of net primary production in the last century

Deforested and converted tropical peat swamp forests are susceptible to fires and are a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, information on the influence of land-use change (LUC) on the carbon dynamics in these disturbed peat forests is limited. This study aimed to quantify soil respiration (heterotrophic and autotrophic), net primary production (NPP), and net ecosystem production (NEP) in peat swamp forests, partially logged forests, early seral grasslands (deforested peat), and smallholder-oil palm estates (converted peat). Peat swamp forests (PSF) showed similar soil respiration with logged forests (LPSF) and oil palm (OP) estates (37.7 Mg CO2 ha−1 yr−1, 40.7 Mg CO2 ha−1 yr−1, and 38.7 Mg CO2 ha−1 yr−1, respectively), but higher than early seral (ES) grassland sites (30.7 Mg CO2 ha−1 yr−1). NPP of intact peat forests (13.2 Mg C ha−1 yr−1) was significantly greater than LPSF (11.1 Mg C ha−1 yr−1), ES (10.8 Mg C ha−1 yr−1), and OP (3.7 Mg C ha−1 yr−1). Peat swamp forests and seral grasslands were net carbon sinks (10.8 Mg CO2 ha−1 yr−1 and 9.1 CO2 ha−1 yr−1, respectively). In contrast, logged forests and oil palm estates were net carbon sources; they had negative mean Net Ecosystem Production (NEP) values (−0.1 Mg CO2 ha−1 yr−1 and −25.1 Mg CO2 ha−1 yr−1, respectively). The shift from carbon sinks to sources associated with land-use change was principally due to a decreased Net Primary Production (NPP) rather than increased soil respiration. Conservation of the remaining peat swamp forests and rehabilitation of deforested peatlands are crucial in GHG emission reduction programs.

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Response of net primary production to land use and climate changes in the middle‐reaches of the Heihe River Basin

Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.1002/ece3.5068 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 4651-4666 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xingyuan Xiao ◽

Xiubin Li ◽

Tao Jiang ◽

Minghong Tan ◽

Minyue Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Primary Production ◽

River Basin ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Net Primary Production ◽

Heihe River Basin ◽

Heihe River ◽

The Heihe River Basin

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Agroforestry trade-offs between biomass provision and aboveground carbon sequestration in the alpine Eisenwurzen region, Austria

Regional Environmental Change ◽

10.1007/s10113-021-01794-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Bastian Bertsch-Hoermann ◽

Claudine Egger ◽

Veronika Gaube ◽

Simone Gingrich

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Ecosystem Services ◽

Carbon Sequestration ◽

Primary Production ◽

Net Primary Production ◽

Land Use Policy ◽

Simultaneous Increase ◽

Ecological Indicator ◽

Aboveground Carbon ◽

Trade Offs

AbstractMountain agroecosystems deliver essential ecosystem services to society but are prone to climate change as well as socio-economic pressures, making multi-functional land systems increasingly central to sustainable mountain land use policy. Agroforestry, the combination of woody vegetation with crops and/or livestock, is expected to simultaneously increase provisioning and regulating ecosystem services, but knowledge gaps concerning trade-offs exist especially in temperate industrialized and alpine regions. Here, we quantify the aboveground carbon (C) dynamics of a hypothetical agroforestry implementation in the Austrian long-term socio-ecological research region Eisenwurzen from 2020 to 2050. We develop three land use scenarios to differentiate conventional agriculture from an immediate and a gradual agroforestry implementation, integrate data from three distinct models (Yield-SAFE, SECLAND, MIAMI), and advance the socio-ecological indicator framework Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production (HANPP) to assess trade-offs between biomass provision and carbon sequestration. Results indicate that agroforestry strongly decreases HANPP because of a reduction in biomass harvest by up to − 47% and a simultaneous increase in actual net primary production by up to 31%, with a large amount of carbon sequestered in perennial biomass by up to 3.4 t C ha-1 yr-1. This shows that a hypothetical transition to agroforestry in the Eisenwurzen relieves the agroecosystem from human-induced pressure but results in significant trade-offs between biomass provision and carbon sequestration. We thus conclude that while harvest losses inhibit large-scale implementation in intensively used agricultural regions, agroforestry constitutes a valuable addition to sustainable land use policy, in particular when affecting extensive pastures and meadows in alpine landscapes.

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Spatiotemporal patterns of cropland area and net primary production in the central United States estimated from USDA agricultural information

Geophysical Research Letters ◽

10.1029/2004gl020927 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 31 (20) ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Jeffrey A. Hicke

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Primary Production ◽

Net Primary Production ◽

Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽

Cropland Area ◽

Central United States

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Agricultural Transformations in the Southern Cone of Latin America: Agricultural Intensification and Decrease of the Aboveground Net Primary Production, Uruguay’s Case

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11247011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (24) ◽

pp. 7011 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Inés Gazzano ◽

Marcel Achkar ◽

Ismael Díaz

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Primary Production ◽

Agricultural Intensification ◽

Net Primary Production ◽

Strong Impact ◽

Land Use Intensity ◽

Dynamic Adjustment ◽

Aboveground Net Primary Production ◽

Intensity Index ◽

Productive Potential

The agri-exporting enclaves of the current corporate food regime intensively exploit natural assets in global strategies that govern the local processes. Their multidimensional impacts contribute to the environmental and civilizational crisis. Linked to the agrarian metabolism in its appropriation phase, land use has impacts on local systems. To understand this process, it is necessary to identify the systemic and spatial expression of environmental transformation. The objective of this work was to analyze the dynamic adjustment of aboveground net primary production (ANPP) to agricultural intensification between the years 2000 and 2017, using a land use intensity index and the soils’ productive potential. Agricultural expansion and consolidation are observed, as well as the significant intensification throughout the period in 65% of the country’s area—with differences between regions—associated with soil types. ANPP is higher in areas of low land use intensity and lower in high intensity areas, varying from high to low in soils with low to high productive potential, respectively, and growing throughout the period—depending on the area, with less growth in areas of greater intensity. The appropriation of edaphic wealth puts the systemic functionality at risk and challenges these transforming dynamics, with a strong impact on southern systems.

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Desertification of forest, range and desert in Tehran province, affected by climate change

Solid Earth ◽

10.5194/se-7-905-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 905-915 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Hadi Eskandari ◽

Moslem Borji ◽

Hassan Khosravi ◽

Tayebeh Mesbahzadeh

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Land Use ◽

Primary Production ◽

Statistical Downscaling ◽

Net Primary Production ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Environmental Crisis ◽

Emission Scenarios ◽

Tehran Province ◽

Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer

Abstract. Climate change has been identified as a leading human and environmental crisis of the twenty-first century. Drylands throughout the world have always undergone periods of degradation due to naturally occurring fluctuation in climate. Persistence of widespread degradation in arid and semiarid regions of Iran necessitates monitoring and evaluation. This paper aims to monitor the desertification trend in three types of land use, including range, forest and desert, affected by climate change in Tehran province for the 2000s and 2030s. For assessing climate change at Mehrabad synoptic station, the data of two emission scenarios, including A2 and B2, were used, utilizing statistical downscaling techniques and data generated by the Statistical DownScaling Model (SDSM). The index of net primary production (NPP) resulting from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite images was employed as an indicator of destruction from 2001 to 2010. The results showed that temperature is the most significant driving force which alters the net primary production in rangeland, forest and desert land use in Tehran province. On the basis of monitoring findings under real conditions, in the 2000s, over 60 % of rangelands and 80 % of the forest were below the average production in the province. On the other hand, the long-term average changes of NPP in the rangeland and forests indicated the presence of relatively large areas of these land uses with a production rate lower than the desert. The results also showed that, assuming the existence of circumstances of each emission scenarios, the desertification status will not improve significantly in the rangelands and forests of Tehran province.

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