Relative food limitation drives geographical clutch size variation in South African passerines: a large-scale test of Ashmole's seasonality hypothesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hořák ◽  
Anna Tószögyová ◽  
David Storch
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Food Limitation ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Scale Test

scholarly journals Food limitation explains most clutch size variation in the Nazca booby

2001 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Clifford ◽  
D. J. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Clutch Size ◽  
Food Limitation ◽  
Size Variation

Age Advantages of Emotional Experience during the COVID-19 Pandemic are Robust, but Diminished Compared to Pre-pandemic Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Sun ◽  
Disa Sauter
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Prolonged Stress

Getting old is generally seen as unappealing, yet aging confers considerable advantages in several psychological domains (North & Fiske, 2015). In particular, older adults are better off emotionally than younger adults, with aging associated with the so-called “age advantages,” that is, more positive and less negative emotional experiences (Carstensen et al., 2011). Although the age advantages are well established, it is less clear whether they occur under conditions of prolonged stress. In a recent study, Carstensen et al (2020) demonstrated that the age advantages persist during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that older adults are able to utilise cognitive and behavioural strategies to ameliorate even sustained stress. Here, we build on Carstensen and colleagues’ work with two studies. In Study 1, we provide a large-scale test of the robustness of Carstensen and colleagues’ finding that older individuals experience more positive and less negative emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic. We measured positive and negative emotions along with age information in 23,629 participants in 63 countries in April-May 2020. In Study 2, we provide a comparison of the age advantages using representative samples collected before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We demonstrate that older people experience less negative emotion than younger people during the prolonged stress of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the advantage of older adults was diminished during the pandemic, pointing to a likely role of older adults use of situation selection strategies (Charles, 2010).

scholarly journals GNSS RUMS: GNSS Realistic Urban Multiagent Simulator for Collaborative Positioning Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 544
Author(s):  
Guohao Zhang ◽  
Bing Xu ◽  
Hoi-Fung Ng ◽  
Li-Ta Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Accurate Localization ◽  
Gnss Receivers ◽  
Multipath Signal ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Error Behavior

Accurate localization of road agents (GNSS receivers) is the basis of intelligent transportation systems, which is still difficult to achieve for GNSS positioning in urban areas due to the signal interferences from buildings. Various collaborative positioning techniques were recently developed to improve the positioning performance by the aid from neighboring agents. However, it is still challenging to study their performances comprehensively. The GNSS measurement error behavior is complicated in urban areas and unable to be represented by naive models. On the other hand, real experiments requiring numbers of devices are difficult to conduct, especially for a large-scale test. Therefore, a GNSS realistic urban measurement simulator is developed to provide measurements for collaborative positioning studies. The proposed simulator employs a ray-tracing technique searching for all possible interferences in the urban area. Then, it categorizes them into direct, reflected, diffracted, and multipath signal to simulate the pseudorange, C/N0, and Doppler shift measurements correspondingly. The performance of the proposed simulator is validated through real experimental comparisons with different scenarios based on commercial-grade receivers. The proposed simulator is also applied with different positioning algorithms, which verifies it is sophisticated enough for the collaborative positioning studies in the urban area.

scholarly journals Modelling Tree Growth in Monospecific Forests from Forest Inventory Data

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 753
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Sáez-Cano ◽  
Marcos Marvá ◽  
Paloma Ruiz-Benito ◽  
Miguel A. Zavala
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Richards Equation ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Large Scale Data

The prediction of tree growth is key to further understand the carbon sink role of forests and the short-term forest capacity on climate change mitigation. In this work, we used large-scale data available from three consecutive forest inventories in a Euro-Mediterranean region and the Bertalanffy–Chapman–Richards equation to model up to a decade’s tree size variation in monospecific forests in the growing stages. We showed that a tree-level fitting with ordinary differential equations can be used to forecast tree diameter growth across time and space as function of environmental characteristics and initial size. This modelling approximation was applied at different aggregation levels to monospecific regions with forest inventories to predict trends in aboveground tree biomass stocks. Furthermore, we showed that this model accurately forecasts tree growth temporal dynamics as a function of size and environmental conditions. Further research to provide longer term prediction forest stock dynamics in a wide variety of forests should model regeneration and mortality processes and biotic interactions.

One or two eggs: what underlies clutch size variation within a gecko species?

Zoology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 125911
Author(s):  
Osamu Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Clutch Size ◽  
Size Variation

Geographical differences in seasonal clutch size variation in multi-brooded bird species

Ibis ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
André A. Dhondt ◽  
Tracey L. Kast ◽  
Paul E. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Clutch Size ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Geographical Differences

scholarly journals Forefront of medicine and medical treatment. Large-scale test of hyperlipidemia.

1997 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-329
Author(s):  
TOORU KITA
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Test

scholarly journals A Large Scale Test of the Effect of Social Class on Prosocial Behavior

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kornddrfer ◽  
Boris Egloff ◽  
Stefan C. Schmukle
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Test

Clutch Size Variation and Patterns of Attrition in Fecundity of Willow Ptarmigan

Ecology ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1788-1799 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Martin ◽  
S. J. Hannon ◽  
R. F. Rockwell
Keyword(s):  
Clutch Size ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Willow Ptarmigan
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