scholarly journals Economic evaluations in paediatric dentistry clinical trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (S1) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Helen Jessica Rogers ◽  
Raiza Dias Freitas ◽  
Morgan James Beeson ◽  
Christopher Robert Vernazza
Author(s):  
Iris Mosweu ◽  
Paul McCrone

This chapter discusses the importance of undertaking economic evaluations in mental health and the subsequent use of the results to inform policy relating to priority setting, resource allocation, or simply scaling up mental health services in low and middle income settings. We present examples o f economic evaluations conducted either alongside clinical trials or using economic models, in LAMIC. We also point out challenges that researchers in these settings may encounter and possible ways of dealing with these, but at the same time acknowledging that economic evaluation does not provide all solutions for issues facing mental health in the developing world. Access to services, affordability, equity, and stigma also need to be given a priority, while economic evaluation first needs to be understood and approved by policy makers, before it can be adopted.


Author(s):  
John Brazier ◽  
Julie Ratcliffe ◽  
Joshua A. Salomon ◽  
Aki Tsuchiya

This chapter focuses upon the needs of two approaches, economic evaluations based on decision analytic models, and those alongside clinical trials in terms of the collection and analysis of health state values. The first section of the chapter presents requirements that are likely to be common to any study in which health state values are collected from patients and/or members of the general population, including: who to ask, mode of administration, timing of assessments, sample size, and handling uncertainty. The second section of the chapter considers issues specific to trial-based economic evaluations, and the final section considers issues specific to the design and analysis of health state valuation data for economic models.


The Lancet ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 348 (9028) ◽  
pp. 687
Author(s):  
David J Torgerson ◽  
Cam Donaldson

Author(s):  
Dr. Henry A. Glick ◽  
Dr. Jalpa A. Doshi ◽  
Dr. Seema S. Sonnad ◽  
Dr. Daniel Polsky

Author(s):  
Joseph Menzin ◽  
Gerry Oster ◽  
Linda Davies ◽  
Michael F. Drummond ◽  
Wolfgang Greiner ◽  
...  

AbstractEconomic evaluations of Pharmaceuticals are increasingly being conducted in conjunction with randomized phase III clinical trials to meet the demand for pharmacoeconomic data when new products are launched. While the need for such data is often global, the trials in which relevant information may be collected are often conducted in only one or a limited number of countries. A critical issue is how data from pivotal clinical trials in one setting can serve as the basis for pharmacoeconomic evaluations in others. We address this issue and report on four economic evaluations that we undertook in conjunction with a recent U.S. phase III clinical trial of recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase), which is used to improve pulmonary function in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The objective of these evaluations was to estimate the potential impact of rhDNase therapy in France, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom on the direct costs of medical care for the treatment of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in patients with CF. Analyses of economic impact were undertaken


2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Coyle ◽  
Michael F. Drummond

Objectives: Assessments of health technologies increasingly include economic evaluations conducted alongside clinical trials. One particular concern with economic evaluations conducted alongside clinical trials is the generalizability of results from one setting to another. Much of the focus relating to this topic has been on the generalizability of results between countries. However, the characteristics of clinical trial design require further consideration of the generalizability of cost data between centers within a single country, which could be important in decisions about adoption of the new technology.Methods: We used data from a multicenter clinical trial conducted in the United Kingdom to assess the degree of variation in costs between patients and between treatment centers and the determinants of the degree of such variation.Results: The variation between patients was statistically significant for both the experimental and conventional treatments. However, the degree of variation between centers was only statistically significant for the experimental treatment. Such variation appeared to be a result of hospital practice, such as payment mechanisms for staff and provision of hostel accommodation, rather than variations in physical resource use or substantive differences in cost structure.Conclusions: Multicenter economic evaluations are necessary for determining the variations in hospital practice and characteristics that can in turn determine the generalizability of study results to other settings. Such analyses can identify issues that may be important in adopting a new health technology. Analysis is required of similar large multicenter trials to confirm these conclusions.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document