Locomotor activity of the bluegill Lepomis macrochirus: hyperactivity induced by sublethal concentrations of cadmium, chromium and zinc

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik G. Ellgaard ◽  
Joseph E. Tusa ◽  
Anthony A. Malizia
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

Locomotor hyperactivity induced in the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus, by sublethal concentrations of DDT

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 1077-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik G. Ellgaard ◽  
J. Coller Ochsner ◽  
J. Keith Cox
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Bluegill Sunfish ◽  
Locomotor Hyperactivity ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

A quantitative description of the effects of sublethal concentrations of DDT on the locomotor activity of the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus, is presented. DDT-elicited hyperactive locomotor responses at all the concentrations examined (0.008, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1, and 0.2 parts per billion (ppb)) and the degree of such responses were concentration dependent. Maximal effects at each concentration were observed within 8 days after addition of DDT to the environment. At their maxima, fish at 0.008 ppb were 1.3 times as active as control fish, whereas fish at 0.2 ppb were 3.0 times as active as controls. The effects of DDT on locomotor activity were not reversed even after the fish were transferred back into tap water for 2 weeks.

Comparative Toxicity of Larval Lampricide (TFM: 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol) to Selected Benthic Macroinvertebrates

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1455-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan W. Maki ◽  
Lester Geissel ◽  
Howard E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Orconectes Propinquus ◽  
Early Emergence ◽  
Comparative Toxicity ◽  
Mayfly Nymph ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Blackfly Larvae ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

The acute toxicity of larval lampricide (TFM: 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol) to 35 species of benthic macroinvertebrates was determined in 96-h flow-through tests. The 96-h LC50 values range from 2.1 mg/liter for blackfly larvae, Simulium pugetense, to values in excess of 38.0 mg/liter for species with heavy exoskeletons: crayfish (Orconectes propinquus), dobsonfly larvae (Chauloides sp), and dragonfly naiads (Ophiogomphus sp.) Younger individuals of the clam (Ligumia sp.) and the mayfly nymph (Ephemerella cornuta) were 2 to 1.5 times more sensitive than larger individuals of the same species. Early emergence of adults and increased locomotor activity were observed among some organisms exposed to sublethal concentrations.

Application of Time–Series Intervention Analysis to Fish Ventilatory Response Data

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 518-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth W. Thompson ◽  
Michael L. Deaton ◽  
Robert V. Foutz ◽  
John Cairns Jr. ◽  
Albert C. Hendricks
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Zinc Sulfate ◽  
Ventilatory Response ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Time Series Models ◽  
Intervention Analysis ◽  
Great Flexibility ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Response Data ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

The development of environmental monitors based on ventilation behavior of fishes has produced large masses of data for which no standard analytical procedures exist. This report demonstrates the application of time–series models to this type of data. It also demonstrates the use of intervention analysis to determine the reaction to changes in water quality. Intervention analysis is a powerful statistical tool that allows for great flexibility in the type of response that can be investigated. In this report it is used to determine the ventilatory reaction of the bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) to sublethal concentrations of zinc sulfate applied in fluctuating intermittent exposures.Key words: intervention analysis, time–series models, Lepomis, ventilatory behavior, biomonitoring

The Effect of Benzene on Bluegill Olfactory Lamellae

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 574-575
Author(s):  
D.R. Mattie ◽  
J.W. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Sublethal Concentration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Jet Fuels ◽  
Aquatic Biota ◽  
Normal Surface ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer

Jet fuels such as JP-4 can be introduced into the environment and come in contact with aquatic biota in several ways. Studies in this laboratory have demonstrated JP-4 toxicity to fish. Benzene is the major constituent of the water soluble fraction of JP-4. The normal surface morphology of bluegill olfactory lamellae was examined in conjunction with electrophysiology experiments. There was no information regarding the ultrastructural and physiological responses of the olfactory epithelium of bluegills to acute benzene exposure.The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of benzene on the surface morphology of the nasal rosettes of the bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). Bluegills were exposed to a sublethal concentration of 7.7±0.2ppm (+S.E.M.) benzene for five, ten or fourteen days. Nasal rosettes were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 2.0% paraformaldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer (pH 7.4) containing 1.25mM calcium chloride. Specimens were processed for scanning electron microscopy.

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