Recent progress in the development of RNA interference for plant parasitic nematodes

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 701-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
CATHERINE J. LILLEY ◽  
MANJULA BAKHETIA ◽  
WAYNE L. CHARLTON ◽  
PETER E. URWIN
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Nematode management through genome editing.

2021 ◽  
pp. 408-413
Author(s):  
Shahid Siddique ◽  
Sebastian Eves-van den Akker
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Cyst Nematodes ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Abstract Plant parasitic nematodes are among the most destructive plant pathogens, causing an estimated US$78 billion yield losses globally. Although approximately 3000 species of plant parasitic nematodes have been described, most of the damage is caused by a small group of root-infecting sedentary endoparasitic nematodes that include root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and cyst nematodes (Heterodera spp.). Given that previous literature amply reviews the breadth of biotechnological methods for the control of plant parasitic nematodes, this chapter will briefly touch on long-standing biotechnological methods but focus on recent progress in, and long-term promise of, the use of CRISPR technology for introducing targeted modifications into host genomes with the goal of enhancing resistance against plant parasitic nematodes. It is predicted that expanding reverse genetic approaches beyond RNA interference, using low-cost, technically simple and efficient transformation (transient or stable) will be the single most important advance in the field in some years.

RNA interference and plant parasitic nematodes

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 362-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjula Bakhetia ◽  
Wayne L. Charlton ◽  
Peter E. Urwin ◽  
Michael J. McPherson ◽  
Howard J. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic

The Use of RNA Interference in Enhancing Plant Resistance against Nematodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siye Chen
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Rnai Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Plant-parasitic nematodes caused severe yield loss in major crops all over the world. The most wild-used strategies to combat the nematodes is the chamical nematicides, but the overuse of synthetic nematicides threaten sustainable agriculture development. Other strategies, like resistance cultivars and crop rotation, have limited efficiency. Thus, the utilization of molecular biotechnology like RNA interference (RNAi) would be one of the alternative ways to enhance plant resistance against nematodes. RNAi has already used as a tool for gene functional analysis in a wide range of species, especially in the non-parasitic nematode, Caenorhabtidis elegans. In plant-parasitic nematodes, RNAi is induced by soaking nematodes with double-strand RNA(dsRNA) solution mixed with neurostimulants, which is called in vitro RNAi delivery method. In another way around, in planta RNAi method, which is Host-mediated RNAi approach also showed a great success in conferring the resistance against root-knock nematodes. Two main advantages of RNAi-based transgenics are RNAi technology do not produce any functional foreign proteins and it target organisms in a sequence-specific way. Even though the development of RNAi-based transgenics against plant-parasitic nematodes is still in the initial phase, it offers the prospect into a novel nematode control strategy in the future.

scholarly journals Application of RNA Interference to Root-Knot Nematode Genes Encoding Esophageal Gland Proteins

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 615-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-N. Rosso ◽  
M. P. Dubrana ◽  
N. Cimbolini ◽  
S. Jaubert ◽  
P. Abad
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Reverse Genetic ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Double Stranded Rna ◽  
Obligate Parasites ◽  
Esophageal Gland ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Plant parasitic nematodes have been, so far, refractory to transformation or mutagenesis. The functional analysis of nematode genes relies on the development of reverse genetic tools adapted to these obligate parasites. Here, we describe the application of RNA interference (RNAi) to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita for the knock-down of two genes expressed in the subventral esophageal glands of the nematode and potentially involved in parasitism, the calreticulin (Mi-crt) and the polygalacturonase (Mi-pg-1) genes. Incubation in 1% resorcinol for 4 h induced double-stranded RNA uptake through the alimentary track of the nematodes and led to up to 92% depletion of Mi-crt transcripts. Timecourse analysis of the silencing showed different temporal patterns for Mi-crt and Mi-pg-1. The silencing of Mi-crt was optimal 20 h after soaking, whereas the silencing of Mi-pg-1 was optimal 44 h after soaking. For the two genes, the silencing effect was highly time-limited, since no transcript depletion was detectable 68 h after soaking.

RNA interference in plant parasitic nematodes: a summary of the current status

Parasitology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 630-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. LILLEY ◽  
L. J. DAVIES ◽  
P. E. URWIN
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Rnai Phenotype ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Systemic Rnai ◽  
Plant Parasitic

SUMMARYRNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as an invaluable gene-silencing tool for functional analysis in a wide variety of organisms, particularly the free-living model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. An increasing number of studies have now described its application to plant parasitic nematodes. Genes expressed in a range of cell types are silenced when nematodes take up double stranded RNA (dsRNA) or short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that elicit a systemic RNAi response. Despite many successful reports, there is still poor understanding of the range of factors that influence optimal gene silencing. Recent in vitro studies have highlighted significant variations in the RNAi phenotype that can occur with different dsRNA concentrations, construct size and duration of soaking. Discrepancies in methodology thwart efforts to reliably compare the efficacy of RNAi between different nematodes or target tissues. Nevertheless, RNAi has become an established experimental tool for plant parasitic nematodes and also offers the prospect of being developed into a novel control strategy when delivered from transgenic plants.

scholarly journals RNA Interference: A Novel Source of Resistance to Combat Plant Parasitic Nematodes

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar Banerjee ◽  
Anamika Banerjee ◽  
Sarvajeet S. Gill ◽  
Om P. Gupta ◽  
Anil Dahuja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Getting to the root of neuronal signalling in plant-parasitic nematodes using RNA interference

Nematology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven McMaster ◽  
Susan McKinney ◽  
Aaron Maule ◽  
Michael Kimber ◽  
Colin Fleming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Neuronal Signalling ◽  
Plant Parasitic

AbstractA variety of genes expressed in preparasitic second-stage juveniles (J2) of plant-parasitic nematodes appear to be vulnerable to RNA interference (RNAi) in vitro by coupling double-stranded (ds)RNA soaking with the artificial stimulation of pharyngeal pumping. Also, there is mounting evidence that the in planta generation of nematode-specific double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) has real utility in the control of these pests. Although neuronally-expressed genes in Caenorhabditis elegans are commonly refractory to RNAi, we have discovered that neuronally-expressed genes in plant-parasitic nematodes are highly susceptible to RNAi and that silencing can be induced by simple soaking procedures without the need for pharyngeal stimulation. Since most front-line anthelmintics that are used for the control of nematode parasites of animals and humans act to disrupt neuromuscular coordination, we argue that intercellular signalling processes associated with neurons have much appeal as targets for transgenic plant-based control strategies for plant-parasitic nematodes. FMRFamide-like peptides (FLPs) are a large family of neuropeptides which are intimately associated with neuromuscular regulation, and our studies on flp gene function in plant-parasitic nematodes have revealed that their expression is central to coordinated locomotory activities. We propose that the high level of conservation in nervous systems across nematodes coupled with the RNAi-susceptibility of neuronally-expressed genes in plant-parasitic nematodes provides a valuable research tool which could be used to interrogate neuronal signalling processes in nematodes.

scholarly journals Ingestion of Double-Stranded RNA by Preparasitic Juvenile Cyst Nematodes Leads to RNA Interference

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 747-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Urwin ◽  
Catherine J. Lilley ◽  
Howard J. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Globodera Pallida ◽  
Northern Analysis ◽  
Parasite Development ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Normal Female ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Cyst Nematodes ◽  
Double Stranded Rna ◽  
Plant Parasitic

RNA interference is of value in determining gene function in many organisms. Plant parasitic nematodes are refractory to microinjection as a means of introducing RNA and do not show any oral uptake until they are within plants. We have used octopamine to stimulate uptake by prepara-sitic second stage juveniles of two cyst nematodes, Heterodera glycines and Globodera pallida. This new technique was used to facilitate uptake of double stranded RNA (dsRNA) together with fluoroscein isothiocyanate as a visual marker. Targeting cysteine proteinases did not reduce the number of parasites but caused a shift from the normal female/male ratio of 3:1 to 1:1 by 14 days postinfection (dpi). Exposure of H. glycines to dsRNA corresponding to a newly characterized protein with homology to C-type lectins did not affect sexual fate, but 41% fewer parasites were recovered from the plants. As expected, treatment with dsRNA corresponding to the major sperm protein (MSP) had no effect on either parasite development or sexual fate over 14 days. Northern analysis showed lower transcript abundance for the two targeted mRNAs that occur in J2, plus a later inhibition for MSP transcripts when males developed sperm at 15 dpi. These findings establish a procedure for RNAi of plant parasitic nematodes.

Management of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in Florida Cotton Production

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Zane Grabau
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Plant Parasitic

This 8-page fact sheet written by Zane J. Grabau and published in January 2017 by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology explains how to diagnose and manage nematode problems in cotton production.­http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ng015

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