root knot nematodes
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Author(s):  
Irán Tapia-Vázquez ◽  
Amelia C. Montoya-Martínez ◽  
Sergio De los Santos-Villalobos ◽  
María J. Ek-Ramos ◽  
Roberto Montesinos-Matías ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaku Murata ◽  
Taketo Uehara ◽  
Hyoung Jae Lee ◽  
Masaharu Mizutani ◽  
Yasuhiro Kadota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2022 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Fernanda Carraro-Lemes ◽  
José Luis Trevizan Chiomento ◽  
Carolina Cardoso Deuner ◽  
Simone Meredith Scheffer-Basso
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2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shounak Jagdale ◽  
Uma Rao ◽  
Ashok P. Giri

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are notorious plant-parasitic nematodes first recorded in 1855 in cucumber plants. They are microscopic, obligate endoparasites that cause severe losses in agriculture and horticulture. They evade plant immunity, hijack the plant cell cycle, and metabolism to modify healthy cells into giant cells (GCs) – RKN feeding sites. RKNs secrete various effector molecules which suppress the plant defence and tamper with plant cellular and molecular biology. These effectors originate mainly from sub-ventral and dorsal oesophageal glands. Recently, a few non-oesophageal gland secreted effectors have been discovered. Effectors are essential for the entry of RKNs in plants, subsequently formation and maintenance of the GCs during the parasitism. In the past two decades, advanced genomic and post-genomic techniques identified many effectors, out of which only a few are well characterized. In this review, we provide molecular and functional details of RKN effectors secreted during parasitism. We list the known effectors and pinpoint their molecular functions. Moreover, we attempt to provide a comprehensive insight into RKN effectors concerning their implications on overall plant and nematode biology. Since effectors are the primary and prime molecular weapons of RKNs to invade the plant, it is imperative to understand their intriguing and complex functions to design counter-strategies against RKN infection.


Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 564
Author(s):  
Daniel Esmenjaud

Root-knot nematode (RKN) species are predominant pests of crops, attacking stone fruit crops Prunus spp. under Mediterranean climate conditions worldwide. Natural resistance for rootstock breeding is a control method that is gaining interest as an alternative to the highly toxic nematicides. This review first reports an outline of the root-knot nematodes parasitizing stone fruit crops and the Prunus species and rootstocks. It then describes the main sources of resistance detected among the Prunus germplasm and focuses on the major resistance genes identified and their characteristics (spectrum, durability, histological mechanism, effect of temperature, interaction with other pests and diseases, etc.). In peach, besides the RMia reference gene, the new genes PkMi and Mf, also located on chromosome 2, need to be characterized regarding their spectrum and relationship. The two other Prunus reference genes, Ma from plum (complete spectrum) and RMja from almond (more restricted spectrum), are orthologs that belong to a TIR-NB-LRR (TNL) cluster on chromosome 7. The review finally summarizes the positional cloning of the Ma gene and the characterization of its unique TNL structure, encompassing a five-times repeated post-LRR domain. Deciphering how this structure is functionally involved in Ma’s remarkable biological properties is a real challenge for the future.


EDIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zane Joseph Grabau

Sorghum and sorghum-sudangrass are often used in crop rotation systems in Florida. They produce a source of forage or silage for animal feed, and many cultivars are effective in reducing population levels of root-knot nematodes, which are key nematode pests in Florida as well as many other parts of the world. This article is intended to guide agricultural professionals in making decisions about producing sorghum and its relatives for nematode management.


2021 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 104170
Author(s):  
Tamsin I. Williams ◽  
Steve Edgington ◽  
Andy Owen ◽  
Alan C. Gange

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0253248
Author(s):  
Graham S. Sellers ◽  
Daniel C. Jeffares ◽  
Bex Lawson ◽  
Tom Prior ◽  
David H. Lunt

Root-knot nematodes (RKN; genus Meloidogyne) are polyphagous plant pathogens of great economic importance to agriculturalists globally. These species are small, diverse, and can be challenging for accurate taxonomic identification. Many of the most important crop pests confound analysis with simple genetic marker loci as they are polyploids of likely hybrid origin. Here we take a low-coverage, long-read genome sequencing approach to characterisation of individual root-knot nematodes. We demonstrate library preparation for Oxford Nanopore Technologies Flongle sequencing of low input DNA from individual juveniles and immature females, multiplexing up to twelve samples per flow cell. Taxonomic identification with Kraken 2 (a k-mer-based taxonomic assignment tool) is shown to reliably identify individual nematodes to species level, even within the very closely related Meloidogyne incognita group. Our approach forms a robust, low-cost, and scalable method for accurate RKN species diagnostics.


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