The effects of habitat, density, gender and duration on overwintering success in Bembidion lampros (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Knapp ◽  
P. Saska
Keyword(s):  
Bembidion Lampros

The within-field spatial and temporal distribution of arthropods in winter wheat

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 499-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Holland ◽  
J.N. Perry ◽  
L. Winder
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
First Year ◽  
Weed Cover ◽  
Bembidion Lampros ◽  
Grid Design ◽  
Field Edge ◽  
Nested Grid ◽  
Second Year

AbstractThe within-field spatial distribution of some common farmland arthropods from the Carabidae, Araneae and Collembola was assessed using two-dimensional grids of pitfall traps distributed across whole winter wheat fields. In the first year, the extent to which arthropod capture was influenced by location within the field and sampling intensity was examined using a nested grid design (1.5 m, 7.5 m and 30 m spacings). In the second year, distributions within two different-sized winter wheat fields were compared. Spatial pattern and association between arthropods and weed cover were analysed using SADIE and trend surfaces were used to visualize distributions. Many of these arthropod groups exhibited aggregated distributions within the fields in clusters larger than 30 m across, demonstrating that the numbers captured will vary depending on the location of sampling within a field. Amara species, Bembidion lampros Herbst, Carabidae and Lycosidae were predominantly found within 60 m of the field edge. Nebria brevicollis Fabricius and Pterostichus madidus Illiger were found within the field in patches of one and two hectares, respectively. Linyphiidae were relatively homogeneously distributed across the fields. There was some evidence of clustering by Collembola. The spermophagous Carabidae and Lycosidae were positively associated with the degree of weed cover. SADIE analytical techniques were useful for identifying the importance and location of patches with greater and less than average numbers, although a minimum of 36 sample points is recommended.

A laboratory study of the effects of some soil-applied organophosphorus pesticides on Carabidae (Coleoptera)

1972 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Critchley
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Speed Of Kill ◽  
Bembidion Lampros ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Burrowing Behaviour ◽  
Soil Colloids

Time/mortality studies with Carabidae exposed to thionazin, phorate, disulfoton and menazon in an acid sandy loam soil were done in controlled laboratory conditions. Carabids were killed by soil treated with thionazin within dosage rates normally required for satisfactory control of nematode or insect pests of crops, i.e., 2·24–8·96 kg/ha, but menazon was virtually non-toxic. Soil moisture increased the speed of kill of Carabidae in thionazin-treated soil presumably by affecting processes of adsorption and desorption of the pesticide to soil colloids and by influencing burrowing behaviour. The speed of kill increased with a rise in temperature, mortalities occurring 2·2 × faster at 10°C, 8·1 × faster at 15°C and 11·8 × faster at 22°C than at 7°C, but was decreased by illumination which decreased the activity of the nocturnal Carabids. The addition of calcium carbonate to increase soil pH did not alter immediate mortality by thionazin but persistence was decreased. Speed of kill was negatively correlated with adult size of Carabid species that behaved similarly, small species such as Bembidion lampros (Hbst.) (mean weight 2·1–2·2 mg) dying 12–13 × faster than female adults of Pterostichus vulgaris (L.) (mean weight 195 mg). Species which burrowed in soil were more susceptible than those which did not, as were newly moulted or starved adults. At 15°C and in wet conditions the “ half-life ” of thionazin based on speed of kill in a soil of pH 6·1–6·7 was 1–2 weeks but when determined by gas-liquid chromatography was 3–4 weeks at 22°C. Leaching could account for the loss of up to 12% of thionazin from the top 9 cm of soil.

Undersowing rutabaga with white clover: impact on Delia radicum (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) and its natural enemies

2004 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy L. Dixon ◽  
Juanita R. Coady ◽  
David J. Larson ◽  
Dean Spaner
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Delia Radicum ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Parasitic Hymenoptera ◽  
Bembidion Lampros ◽  
Pterostichus Melanarius ◽  
Cabbage Maggot ◽  
Species Specific

AbstractThe cabbage maggot, Delia radicum (L.), is a serious pest of cruciferous crops in temperate regions of North America and Europe. The effects of undersowing rutabaga, Brassica napus L. subsp. rapifera Metzg. (Brassicaceae), with white clover, Trifolium repens L. (Leguminosae), on second-generation cabbage maggot and its natural enemies were studied in Newfoundland in 1997 and 1998. In 1997, totals of 1311 and 724 eggs were recovered from bare and undersown plots, respectively. More eggs were present in bare plots than undersown plots on various specific dates. In 1997, rutabagas from bare plots weighed more than those from undersown plots, although damage ratings were similar, suggesting that competition, not cabbage maggot feeding, caused the yield differences. In 1998, there were few cabbage maggots present and little damage or yield reduction in either treatment. Similar numbers of cabbage maggot pupae were extracted and reared from each treatment in each year. In 1997, of the pupae reared from undersown plots, 48% produced cabbage maggot flies, 14% produced parasitic Hymenoptera, and 8% produced Aleochara bilineata Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae); 19% of the pupae from bare plots produced cabbage maggot flies, 8% produced parasitic Hymenoptera, and 36% produced A. bilineata. More A. bilineata were captured in pitfall traps in bare plots than in undersown plots. The effect of clover on carabid beetles was species specific. There were more Bembidion lampros (Herbst) and Amara bifrons (Gyllenhal) in bare plots in 1997, and more Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger) in undersown plots in both years. Despite consistently lower egg numbers in undersown plots than in bare plots, the numbers of pupae in the two treatments were similar at the end of the season. We speculate that this may be due to differential, density-dependent mortality of immature stages of cabbage maggot caused by predators and parasitoids.

RESIDUAL TOXICITIES OF THREE INSECTICIDES TO FOUR SPECIES (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) OF ARTHROPOD PREDATOR

1996 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 1115-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamer Çilgi ◽  
Steve D. Wratten ◽  
Jacqueline L. Robertson ◽  
David E. Turner ◽  
John M. Holland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Toxicity Data ◽  
Target Species ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Bembidion Lampros ◽  
Nontarget Species ◽  
Arthropod Predator ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

AbstractIn laboratory bioassays, four carabid species [Agonum dorsale (Pontoppidan), Bembidion lampros (Herbst), B. obtusum Serville, and Demetrias atricapillus (L.)] that are important predators of aphids in cereals in the United Kingdom were exposed to deposits of deltamethrin, dimethoate, or pirimicarb on glass for up to 72 h. We detected differences between compounds and species that are discussed in the context of exposure of these predators to insecticides in the field. We also describe problems involved in obtaining comparative toxicity data when dilutions of field application rates for target species are used in bioassays with nontarget species. Such problems add another dimension to risk assessment based on laboratory data.

Antennal sensilla of the ground beetle Bembidion lampros Hbst (Coleoptera, Carabidae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enno Merivee ◽  
Angela Ploomi ◽  
Märt Rahi ◽  
Anne Luik ◽  
Väino Sammelselg
Keyword(s):  
Ground Beetle ◽  
Antennal Sensilla ◽  
Bembidion Lampros
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