Powdery mildew resistance in winter barley cultivars

2007 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dreiseitl
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Barley Cultivars

scholarly journals Virulence frequencies to powdery mildew resistance genes of winter barley cultivars

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dreiseitl
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Random Samples

The virulence frequencies to powdery mildew resistance genes possessed by winter barley cultivars registered and newly tested in the Czech Republic were studied in 2000, 2002 and 2004. Random samples of the populations originating from winter and spring barley fields were obtained from the air by a mobile version of a jet spore sampler mounted on a car roof. Conidia were sampled by driving across the Czech Republic. Fourteen differentials, carrying 18 out of 20 currently identified resistance genes present in winter barley cultivars, were used. High virulence frequencies (85–100%) to most resistance genes were found. Lower virulence frequencies (14.1–40.1%) were found to only three resistance genes that have not been described yet; their preliminary designations are Ml(Va), Ml(Dt) and Ml(Ca). The importance of resistance of winter barley cultivars is discussed with respect to limiting the speed with which the pathogen adapts to genetic resistances possessed by commercial cultivars of both winter and spring barley, and to the necessity of lowering the costs for powdery mildew control in barley.

scholarly journals Variety resistance of winter barley to powdery mildew in the field in 1976−2005

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dreiseitl
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Average Resistance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Given ◽  
Resistance Of Varieties

The results of evaluation of powdery mildew resistance in winter barley varieties in 285 Czech Official Trials conducted at 20 locations were analysed. Over the period, the number of varieties tested per year increased from four to seven in 1976−1985 to 53−61 in 2002−2005. To assess the resistance of varieties, only trials with sufficient disease severity were used. In 1976−2000, six varieties (1.7% of the varieties tested in the given years) ranked among resistant (average resistance of a variety in a year > 7.5) including NR-468 possessing the gene <i>Mla13</i>, KM-2099 with <i>mlo</i> and Marinka with the genes <i>Mla7</i>, <i>MlaMu2</i>. In 2001−2005, already 33 varieties (16.9%) ranked among resistant, of which Traminer possessing the genes <i>Ml(St)</i> and <i>Ml(IM9 </i> dominated. The proportion of susceptible varieties (average resistance ≤ 5.5) did not change in the two mentioned periods. Two-rowed varieties began to be tested as late as in 1990 (the first variety was Danilo), however, no difference was found in the resistance of two- and six-rowed varieties. Using an example of two pairs of varieties (Dura-Miraj and Marinka-Tiffany) with identical genes for specific resistance but with different resistance in the field, the efficiency of non-specific resistance is discussed. The resistance of domestic and foreign varieties was similar in 1994−2000; however, in 2001−2005 the difference was 0.75 point to disadvantage of domestic ones.

scholarly journals Powdery Mildew Resistance Genes in Single-Plant Progenies Derived from Accessions of a Winter Barley Core Collection

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1988
Author(s):  
Antonín Dreiseitl ◽  
Zdeněk Nesvadba
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Gene Bank ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Gene Banks ◽  
Reliable Source

The main problems of crop gene banks comprise heterogeneity of accessions, resulting from mechanical admixtures or out-crossing during their multiplication, and especially the mislabeling of accessions. These discrepancies can adversely affect the results of many expensive research and breeding projects that are based on the use of gene bank resources. To tackle these problems, 860 single-plant progenies (SPPs) of 172 accessions of the Czech winter barley core collection were grown and tested with a set of 53 isolates representing the global virulence/avirulence diversity of powdery mildew. Seventy-one resistance phenotypes encompassed the diversity of known specific resistances and their combinations. Based on testing groups of five SPPs, 94 accessions had one phenotype found in all five SPPs (homogeneous accessions), whereas in 78 accessions (45.3%) more than one phenotype was identified (heterogeneous accessions). In three varieties, specific resistances against the whole set of isolates were detected, but due to high adaptability of the pathogen, they are not recommended for breeding resistant cultivars. Selected SPPs were integrated in the gene bank and are now a reliable source of genotypically pure seed with defined powdery mildew resistance genes that can be used by breeders and researchers. The results obtained can be used to verify authenticity of accession genotype and pedigree, particularly for older varieties for which no other original criteria are available.

scholarly journals Powdery Mildew Resistance of Winter Barley Varieties in Czech Official Trials

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dreiseitl
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Mildew Resistance

In 1996&ndash;2005, resistance to powdery mildew was studied in 167 winter barley varieties (of them 83&nbsp;two-rowed and 84 six-rowed, 45 Czech and 122 foreign ones) included in the Czech Official Trials in that period. Seventeen known resistances to powdery mildew were identified (Ar, Bw, Di, Dr, Dt, Ha, HH, Ch, IM9, La, Lu, Ly, Ra, Ru, Sp, St and We). Unknown resistances were found in 25 varieties, in six of which (= 3.6% of all the examined set) they were effective to all used pathotypes of the pathogen. Six varieties exhibited heterogeneity in the examined trait, i.e. they are composed of lines with different resistances to powdery mildew. The most frequent resistances in the set were Ra, which was detected in 89 varieties (= 53%), and Bw was found in 30 varieties (18%). The resistances Sp, Ly, Ha, HH and Ch were also frequent. However, the frequency of the last three resistances cannot be quantified since we were not able to identify these resistances during the whole examined period. &nbsp;

Haplotype characterization and markers at the barley Mlo powdery mildew resistance locus as tools for marker-assisted selection

Genome ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 864-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Tacconi ◽  
V Baldassarre ◽  
N C Collins ◽  
D Bulgarelli ◽  
A M Stanca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Barley Powdery Mildew ◽  
Almost All

Recessive mlo alleles of the barley Mlo gene confer resistance to almost all known isolates of the powdery mildew fungal pathogen targeting barley (Hordeum vulgare). To characterize haplotypes present in the Mlo chromosomal region of cultivated Mlo and mlo barley genotypes, weconducted a polymorphism search in 3 predicted low-copy sequence regions adjacent to the Mlo gene by examining a sample of 4 Mlo and 3 mlo cultivars. Eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 1 insertion–deletion (indel) were detected, and easy to use PCR-based markers were developed for typing the SNPs. The PCR markers were used to characterize a collection of 46 Mlo and 25 mlo barley cultivars, identifying 3 distinct mlo-11 haplotypes, 1 mlo-9 haplotype, and 4 Mlo haplotypes. We summarized the haplotype and marker information obtained here and in a previous study to help breeders identify strategies for mlo marker-assisted selection. The ability of the markers to identify mlo-resistant genotypes in segregating populations was demonstrated using 2 resistance-characterized F2 populations derived by 3-way crosses.Key words: barley, powdery mildew resistance, mlo, SNPs, marker-assisted selection.

scholarly journals  Presence of the newly designated powdery mildew resistance Landi in some winter barley cultivars

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dreiseitl
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Unknown Gene ◽  
Powdery Mildew Pathogen ◽  
Pathogen Populations

In the last two decades, resistance to the powdery mildew pathogen has been investigated in a large number of barleys in the Czech Republic. Several tens of winter barley cultivars were identified with a resistance based on an unknown gene or unknown combinations of resistance genes. In this paper tests on 20 of these cultivars are presented. Thirty-two reference isolates of Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei were used. All the 20 cultivars shared a particular, previously unknown resistance. Landi was the first cultivar registered with this resistance and it is recommended that this resistance be designated Ln. Isolates virulent to Ln were already found randomly in old European, and also in non-European pathogen populations, where cultivars possessing the resistance Ln were never grown. On the other hand, the resistance Ln has been highly effective even 13 years after Landi registration.

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