GERMLINE CAG REPEAT LENGTH OF THE ANDROGEN RECEPTOR AND TIME TO PROGRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH PROSTATE CANCER TREATED WITH ANDROGEN DEPRIVATION THERAPY

Until recently, continuing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and closely monitoring patients until evolution towards metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) were recommended in men with non-metastatic CRPC (nmCRPC). Because delaying the development of metastases and symptoms in these patients is a major issue, several trials have investigated next-generation androgen receptor (AR) axis inhibitors such as apalutamide, darolutamide, and enzalutamide in this setting. This review summarizes the recent advances in the management of nmCRPC, highlighting the favourable impact of next-generation AR inhibitors on metastases-free survival, overall survival and other clinically meaningful endpoints.

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Androgen deprivation therapy sensitizes prostate cancer cells to T-cell killing through androgen receptor dependent modulation of the apoptotic pathway

Oncotarget ◽

10.18632/oncotarget.2429 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (19) ◽

pp. 9335-9348 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Andressa Ardiani ◽

Sofia R. Gameiro ◽

Anna R. Kwilas ◽

Renee N. Donahue ◽

James W. Hodge

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Androgen Receptor ◽

T Cell ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Androgen Deprivation Therapy ◽

Cell Killing ◽

Androgen Deprivation ◽

Prostate Cancer Cells ◽

Apoptotic Pathway

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Abstract B49: Androgen receptor CAG repeat length association with prostate cancer risk in obese and non-obese African American men

10.1158/1538-7755.disp13-b49 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Ganna Chornokur ◽

Ernest K. Amankwah ◽

Jong Y. Park ◽

Catherine M. Phelan ◽

Julio Powsang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

African American ◽

Androgen Receptor ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

African American Men ◽

Prostate Cancer Risk ◽

Repeat Length ◽

Cag Repeat

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Cag Repeat Number in the Androgen Receptor Gene and Prostate Cancer

Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics ◽

10.2478/v10034-012-0005-z ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 31-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S Madjunkova ◽

A Eftimov ◽

V Georgiev ◽

D Petrovski ◽

A Dimovski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Androgen Receptor ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Receptor Gene ◽

Prostate Cancer Risk ◽

Androgen Receptor Gene ◽

Repeat Length ◽

Cag Repeat ◽

Cag Repeats ◽

Repeat Number

Cag Repeat Number in the Androgen Receptor Gene and Prostate CancerProstate cancer (PC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men. The effects of androgens on prostatic tissue are mediated by the androgen receptor (AR) gene. The 5' end of exon 1 of the AR gene includes a polymorphic CAG triplet repeat that numbers between 10 to 36 in the normal population. The length of the CAG repeats is inversely related to the transactivation function of the AR gene. There is controversy over association between short CAG repeat numbers in the AR gene and PC. This retrospective case-control study evaluates the possible effect of short CAG repeats on the AR gene in prostate cancer risk in Macedonian males. A total of 392 male subjects, 134 PC patients, 106 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 152 males from the general Macedonian population were enrolled in this study. The CAG repeat length was determined by fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of exon1 of the AR gene followed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) on a genetic analyzer. The mean repeat length in PC patients was 21.5 ±2.65, in controls 22.28 ±2.86 (p = 0.009) and in BPH patients 22.1 ±2.52 (p = 0.038). Short CAG repeats (<19) were found in 21.64% of PC patients vs. 9.43% in BPH patients (p = 0.0154). We also found an association of low Gleason score (<7) with short CAG repeat (<19) in PC patients (p = 0.0306), and no association between the age at diagnosis of PC and BPH and CAG repeat length. These results suggest that reduced CAG repeat length may be associated with increased prostate cancer risk in Macedonian men.

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