Food Trade and Food Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa: Old Myths and New Challenges

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 669-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Food Policy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Food Trade ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Sub Saharan

A Critical Evaluation of New Challenges Pertaining to the Activities of Translation and Interpretation in Sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Milburga ATCERO
Keyword(s):  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Afrique Subsaharienne ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Sub Saharan

Cette contribution vise à évaluer de façon critique les nouveaux défis liés à la traduction et à l’interprétation (TI) dans une Afrique subsaharienne caractérisée par sa grande diversité linguistique. L’auteur espère identifier et suggérer des méthodologies pouvant être appliquées pour rapprocher cette région du reste du monde. Il identifie, en outre, la nécessité pour l’Afrique subsaharienne de mettre en œuvre des politiques et pratiques qui favorisent le multilinguisme. Elles sont principalement basées sur la pluralité des langues, avec un espace adéquat pour les langues internationales, étant donnée le rôle crucial des parcours scolaires sur ce continent. Dans l’environnement de travail dynamique d’aujourd’hui, différentes institutions reconnaissent le rôle important joué par la TI dans la recherche et le renforcement de l’efficacité des individus comme des organisations. L’auteur s’appuie sur un cadre logique illustrant l’importance de la traduction dans les sphères socioculturelles et linguistiques, pour la production de connaissances sur l’Afrique. Il soutient que la traduction devrait être considérée comme une occasion d’explorer la diversité des possibles dans la littérature africaine. Il conclut en décrivant les méthodes envisageables et les nouvelles orientations.

scholarly journals Mass administration of medicines in changing contexts: Acceptability, adaptability and community directed approaches in Kaduna and Ogun States, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. e0008857
Author(s):  
Oluwatosin Adekeye ◽  
Kim Ozano ◽  
Ruth Dixon ◽  
Elisabeth Osim Elhassan ◽  
Luret Lar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health Governance ◽  
Preventive Chemotherapy ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Equity In Access ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Programme Delivery

Nigeria has the highest burden of NTDs in sub-Saharan Africa. Commitments to reach the control and elimination of many Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs), particularly those amenable to preventive chemotherapy (onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, soil transmitted helminths, lymphatic filariasis and trachoma) by 2020 are detailed in the London declaration. Strategies to reach targets build on existing approaches, one of which is the use of community directed intervention (CDI) methods to deliver the mass administration of medicines (MAM). However, treatment using this approach has been inconsistent and there are questions about the acceptability and adaptability of these interventions during periods of programmatic, social, and political change. This paper explores the current strengths and weaknesses of CDI approaches in MAM delivery. We consider the acceptability and adaptability of existing MAM approaches to ensure equity in access to essential treatments. Using qualitative methods, we explore implementer perspectives of MAM delivery. We purposively selected programme implementers to ensure good programmatic knowledge and representation from the different levels of health governance in Nigeria. Data collection took place across two States (Kaduna and Ogun). Our results indicate that CDI approaches have underpinned many historic successes in NTD programme acceptance in Nigeria, specifically in Kaduna and Ogun State. However, our results also show that in some contexts, factors that underpin the success of CDI have become disrupted presenting new challenges for programme implementers. Capturing the tacit knowledge of health implementers at varying levels of the health system, we present the current and changing context of MAM delivery in Kaduna and Ogun States and consolidate a platform of evidence to guide future programme delivery and research studies. We situate our findings within the broader NTD literature, specifically, in identifying how our findings align to existing reviews focused on factors that shape individual acceptance of MAM.

Discourses of Biopolitics and Human Securityin the Context of New Challenges and Threats to Humanity

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
Marina A. Kukartseva (Glaser) ◽  
◽  
Vitaly Yu. Ivlev ◽  
Nikolay N. Novik ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Security ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Fragile States ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Conflict Of Interests ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Sub Saharan

The research aims at explicating two discourses that are most important for solv­ing global problems of humanity: biopolitics and human security. The similarity of the studied concepts is revealed. According to the authors, it consists in the sameness of their object, and the differences – in its interpretation. Biopolitics sees its interest in finding ways to control the impersonal “man in General”, and human security – in its individuation. The measure of correlation of these con­cepts and their relation to the philosophical discourse about freedom is revealed. The author traces the dialectics of biopolitics and human security, the moments when the biopolitical discourse of “insured” and “uninsured” life intersects with the “colonizing” discourse. It is concluded that the conflict of interests of the studied discourses is inevitable, none of them is able to “rise above the fray”, having the opportunity to answer complex questions of human security. The mea­sure of their effectiveness as an intellectual tool and practical mechanism for solving problems is illustrated by “fragile States” (the case of sub-Saharan Africa) and in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

Corrigendum to: Rising trends and variability of rice prices: Threats and opportunities for sub-Saharan Africa [Food Policy 35 (2010) 403–411]

Food Policy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-327
Author(s):  
Papa A. Seck ◽  
Eric Tollens ◽  
Marco C.S. Wopereis ◽  
Aliou Diagne ◽  
Ibrahim Bamba
Keyword(s):  
Food Policy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Rice Prices ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals A Review of Leadership and Capacity Gaps in Nutrition-Sensitive Agricultural Policies and Strategies for Selected Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-396
Author(s):  
Richmond Aryeetey ◽  
Namukolo Covic
Keyword(s):  
Food Policy ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Nutrition Sensitive

Background: Agriculture policies and strategies designed, purposefully, to address malnutrition are considered nutrition-sensitive and are a critical component of global efforts to address malnutrition in all its forms. However, limited evidence exists on extent and how nutrition is being integrated into agriculture sector policies, strategies, and programs. A review was conducted to address 2 questions: How nutrition-sensitive are agriculture policies, plans, and investments in selected Sub-Saharan African (SSA) and Asian countries? and Which capacity and leadership gaps limit scale up of nutrition-sensitive agriculture policy and programs? Methods: The review of existing policies was conducted for 11 selected focus countries (9 in SSA and 2 from Asia) of the CGIAR (Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research) Collaborative Research Programme on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health led by the IFPRI (International Food Policy Research Institute). The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)’s 10-point key recommendations for designing nutrition-sensitive agricultural interventions was used as an analytical framework. Additionally, a rapid systematic review of published peer-reviewed and grey literature was carried out to identify capacity gaps based on the United Nations Development Program’s capacity assessment framework. Results: We found that there is nutrition sensitivity of the policies and strategies but to varying degrees. There is limited capacity for optimum implementation of these policies, programs, and strategies. For most of the countries, there is capacity to articulate what needs to happen, but there are important capacity limitations to translate the given policy/program instruments into effective action. Conclusions: The gaps identified constitute important evidence to inform capacity strengthening of nutrition-sensitive actions for desired nutrition and health outcomes in Africa and Asia.

Medical management of normal pregnancy

2020 ◽  
pp. 2575-2582
Author(s):  
David J. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Medical Management ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Skilled Birth Attendant ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Community Healthcare ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Sub Saharan

This chapter looks at the medical management of normal pregnancy, and how the global maternal mortality ratio fell by almost 50% between 1990 and 2015 and the reasons for this decline. In resource-poor nations, provision of basic antenatal facilities with community healthcare workers, improved transport, communications, and education are largely responsible. Yet despite this progress maternal deaths are still common, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, usually from readily preventable causes that would not occur in the presence of a skilled birth attendant. In wealthy nations, new challenges to maternal health include obesity, older age, and a growing number of pregnancies in women with chronic diseases through in vitro fertilization. Pregnancy can be accurately diagnosed within a day of missing a menstrual bleed by identifying a rise in urinary human chorionic gonadotropin concentration.

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