Chromosome number and meiosis in herbarium specimens from the extinct Scandinavian population of Crepis multicaulis

The distribution of Sonchus palustris in Slovakia was studied using herbarium specimens and literary sources. The herbarium studies, supplemented with targeted field search in the years 2015–2018, revealed 61 new localities and confirmed many other older locations. The species has been recorded in 19 phytogeographical districts and sub-districts of Slovakia. Most of the records are concentrated in the Podunajská nížina lowland in SW Slovakia and in the Ipel'sko-rimavská brázda region in southern Slovakia. Our results showed that the species is relatively common in different types of wetlands and its re-evaluation in the recent version of the Slovak red list is not needed. Chromosome number data for two new populations in eastern Slovakia (both 2n = 18) were counted. The distribution map is given.

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Can morphology and chromosome number contribute to species delimitation? A case in the Hibiscus trionum complex (Tribe Hibisceae, Malvaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.416.4.6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 416 (4) ◽

pp. 278-286

Author(s):

MOHAMED OWIS BADRY ◽

JENNIFER A. TATE ◽

PRASHANT JOSHI ◽

AHMED MAHMOUD ABBAS ◽

SOHAIR THABET HAMED ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chromosome Number ◽

Species Delimitation ◽

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Chromosome Counts ◽

Comprehensive Description ◽

Hibiscus Trionum ◽

The World ◽

First Time

A taxonomic revision of Hibiscus trionum from Egypt was undertaken using morphological and cytological studies of field collections and herbarium specimens. The data indicate that all specimens so far collected in Egypt belong to H. tridactylites, rather than H. trionum. This paper includes a comprehensive description of H. tridactylites, its occurrence, a comparison with other species in the H. trionum complex, and comments on habitat, along with images for easy identification. In addition, chromosome counts for this species from Egypt have been determined for the first time, which add to existing information on chromosome counts for the species from different regions of the world.

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A revision of trifoliolate Indigofera (Tribe Indigofereae: Fabaceae) in India

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.220.1.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 220 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Vibha Chauhan ◽

Arun Pandey

Keyword(s):

Chromosome Number ◽

Field Studies ◽

Species Description ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Ethnobotanical Uses

A revision of trifoliolate Indigofera in India is provided based on field studies, and examination of herbarium specimens. In India, 11 species and 4 varieties of trifoliolate Indigofera are recognized: Indigofera barberi, I. deccanensis, I. glandulosa, I. glandulosa var. sykesii, I. karuppiana, I. pedicellata, I. prostrata, I. santapaui, I. thothathrii, I. tirunelvelica, I. trifoliata, I. trifoliata var. duthiei, I. trita, I. trita var. maffeii and I. trita var. purandharensis. Of 11 species, seven species and three varieties are endemic. A key to the species, description and illustrations are provided along with data on flowering and fruiting, distribution, habitat, chromosome number, and ethnobotanical uses.

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Evidence against the existence of varieties in Arctagrostis latifolia ssp. arundinacea (Poaceae)

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b94-130 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 72 (7) ◽

pp. 1039-1050 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. G. Aiken ◽

L. P. Lefkovitch ◽

Susan E. Gardiner ◽

W. W. Mitchell

Keyword(s):

Chromosome Number ◽

Key Words ◽

Guard Cell ◽

Morphological Study ◽

Seed Protein ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Guard Cells ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Banding Patterns ◽

Sds Page

The morphological diversity of North American specimens of Arctagrostis latifolia ssp. arundinacea (Trin.) Tzvelev was evaluated for possible varieties within the subspecies by considering (i) descriptions of three previously recognized taxa included in the subspecies, (ii) measurements of spikelet characters of the types of five taxa, (iii) Macoun's illustrations of spikelet diversity, (iv) a morphological study of 130 herbarium specimens, and (v) a transplant garden study. Characters thought to be uninfluenced by environment were examined. These included (i) the seed protein banding patterns revealed by SDS–PAGE, (ii) the guard cell sizes from plants of known chromosome number, and (iii) a study of anther lengths and pollen diameters. The data do not support the recognition of varieties. Key words: SDS–PAGE, transplant garden, pollen, chromosome number, guard cells, Arctagrostis, Poaceae, taxonomy.

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Chromosome Number and Meiotic Behavior of Cultivated Chia, Salvia hispanica (Lamiaceae)

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.12.1646 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (12) ◽

pp. 1646-1647 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

A. Estilai ◽

A. Hashemi ◽

K. Truman

Keyword(s):

Chromosome Number ◽

Species Identification ◽

Southern California ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Meiotic Behavior ◽

Root Tips ◽

Chromosome Counts ◽

Salvia Hispanica ◽

Meiotic Analyses ◽

Metaphase I

Edible chia seeds, purchased from the local markets in Guatemala, Mexico, and southern California, were used for species identification, chromosome counts, karyotype construction, and meiotic analyses. Plants raised from those seeds had ovate leaves, dense racemose inflorescences, pale-blue flowers, and were identified from herbarium specimens as Salvia hispanica L. Mitotic analyses of root tips from 50 plants showed 2n = 12—the lowest chromosome number in the genus. Chromosomes were small, ranging from 2 to 3.5 pm. One pair of chromosomes was metacentric (with the long arm: short arm ratio, r = 1.5), four pairs were submetacentric (r = 2.6 to 3.6), and one pair was telocentric (r = 12). Meiosis was regular and six bivalents were observed at metaphase I. Ring and rod bivalents averaged 1.53 ± 1.05 and 4.47 ± 1.05, respectively;

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Nomenclatural notes on Iris haussknechtii (Iridaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.399.2.5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 399 (2) ◽

pp. 160

Author(s):

EUGENY V. BOLTENKOV ◽

RAFAËL GOVAERTS

Keyword(s):

Chromosome Number ◽

Close Relative ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Original Material ◽

Wide Sense ◽

Present Communication ◽

Generic Level ◽

Pale Yellow ◽

Stony Soil

The nomenclatural notes, discussed in the present communication, are based on the revision of Iris Linnaeus (1753: 38) names described from Turkey, considering this genus in its wide sense (e.g., Dykes 1924, Mathew 1989, Güner 2012). Iris haussknechtii Bornm. ex Baker (1892: 4) is a species endemic to Turkey referred to I. ser. Spuriae (Diels 1930: 502) Lawrence (1953: 361) of I. sect. Limniris Tausch (1823: without pagination), treated at the generic level under the name Chamaeiris Medikus (1790: 417) (Crespo 2011, Crespo et al. 2015). It is a rhizomatous, perennial herbaceous, compact plant, with two terminal pale yellow or yellow and white flowers on single stem, the perianth segments with only yellow veins, and the narrow, rather tough leaves slightly shorter than flowers. According to some authors (Dykes 1912, 1924, Peckham 1939, Mathew 1984), it is a close relative to I. sintenisii Janka (1877: 244), except for the colour of the flowers, the shape of the outer perianth segments, the fact that the spathe valves are not sharply keeled (Dykes 1924), and the reported chromosome number: 2n = 18 in I. haussknechtii (Özkan et al. 2001, as “I. kerneriana”) vs 2n = 16 in I. sintenisii (Popova & Ceschmedjiev 1975). Based on herbarium specimens examination (deposited at E, K, and P; acronym according to Thiers 2019), we conclude that I. haussknechtii is distributed in the following northern Turkey provinces: Canakkale, Balikesir, Bolu, Kastamonu, Cankiri, Ankara, Corum, Sinop, Amasya, Tokat, Erzincan, as well as in Eskisehir, Afyonkarahisar, Kirikkale, Kirsehir, and Sivas (A. Güner, pers. comm.). This plant usually occurs in open sites, on stony soil amongst woodland, in dry meadows, scrubland, and on steep stony slopes at elevations ranging from 1150 to 2350 m (Mathew 1984). At the best of our knowledge, the name I. haussknechtii has not yet been typified. After the examination of all the original material and protologue, we designated the lectotype for this name.

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ÉTUDES SUR LE GENRE SOLIDAGO L. : II. LA MISE EN ÉVIDENCE DE LA POLYPLOÏDIE ENDOTAXONIQUE CHEZ S. PURSHII PORTER ET LES TAXA SIMILAIRES

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b58-060 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 663-670 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jean R. Beaudry ◽

Alexis Zinger ◽

Jacques Saint-Pierre

Keyword(s):

Chromosome Number ◽

Geographical Distribution ◽

Chromosome Numbers ◽

Guard Cells ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

The Other ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Rapid Technique

In Solidago Purshii Porter, there are two cytodemes, one diploid (2n = 18) and the other tetraploid (2n = 36), which can be distinguished on the basis of the length of the guard cells of their leaf stomata. The diploid plants possess guard cells which are smaller than those of the tetraploid. These two entities of S. Purshii thus belong to the groups of cytodemes in which there exists a positive correlation between the chromosome numbers and the dimensions of certain quantitative morphological characters, such as the length of the guard cells.In groups in which the variation curves of the characters of the different cytodemes overlap little or not, the geographical distribution of the different cytodemes of the complex may be studied much more easily, rapidly, and comprehensively by measuring the length of the guard cells of herbarium specimens than by making chromosome number determinations. The data presented indicate that when sampling is made under the conditions described in this paper, determinations of the length of two guard cells of stomata of one mid-leaf per individual, made on two individuals per colony, is satisfactory for that purpose, on the average. However, it is recommended, as a safeguard, to increase these figures by a few units, and to make always a few direct chromosome number determinations to check the accuracy of this rapid technique. These direct determinations may also be necessary to know the chromosome numbers of certain extreme individuals of the different cytodemes which have guard cells that differ little in length.

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FERTILITY AND POLYPLOIDY OF EUPHORBIA CYPARISSIAS IN CANADA

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b53-016 ◽

1953 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 152-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

R. J. Moore ◽

D. R. Lindsay

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Chromosome Number ◽

Somatic Chromosome ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Leaf Epidermis ◽

Somatic Chromosome Number ◽

Eastern Canada ◽

European Species ◽

Diploid Populations ◽

Euphorbia Cyparissias

Euphorbia cyparissias L., a European species originally introduced into North America as an ornamental, is now firmly established on roadsides and pastures in Eastern Canada. The Canadian distribution is mapped from specimens in three herbaria. Plants with a somatic chromosome number of 20 and plants with the number 2n = 40 occur in eastern Ontario and adjacent Quebec. According to all available evidence for this region, the diploid plants never set seed, whereas the tetraploid populations are highly fertile. The cells of the upper leaf epidermis of the tetraploid plants are conspicuously larger than those of the diploid plants. By means of this criterion, the probable chromosome number of herbarium specimens was determined. The distribution of the diploid and tetraploid plants in Ontario and western Quebec is mapped. Tetraploid plants are known from eight locations in this area; five of these infestations are serious. It is believed that the sterility of the diploid populations is due to a genic condition which may interrupt normal pollen development.

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Distribution, chromosome numbers and nomenclature conspect of Arabidopsis halleri (Brassicaceae) in the Carpathians

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-006-0007-y ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Martin Kolník ◽

Karol Marhold

Keyword(s):

Chromosome Number ◽

Chromosome Numbers ◽

Western Carpathians ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Arabidopsis Halleri ◽

Model Species ◽

Type Specimens ◽

The Carpathians ◽

Balkan Mountains ◽

Southern Carpathians

AbstractArabidopsis halleri represents an important model species for the study of phytoremediation. In the Carpathians it is represented by three subspecies: A. halleri subsp. halleri, A. halleri subsp. tatrica and A. halleri subsp. dacica. All three subspecies are diploid with chromosome number 2n = 16. They differ mainly in indument of flower parts, colour of petals and in the position of the longest leaf on stem. A. halleri subsp. halleri occurs in the Eastern and Southern Carpathians and in the northern and eastern part of the Western Carpathians, subsp. tatrica is endemic of the Western Carpathians and subsp. dacica occurs in the Eastern and Southern Carpathians most probably extending in its distribution further to the south to the Balkan mountains. Full synonymy of these three taxa and also a fourth European subspecies, A. halleri subsp. ovirensis is presented including the information on type specimens. Lectotypes are selected for several names. List of the examined herbarium specimens is given as well.

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Chromosome numbers from pollen in some North American Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b74-344 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 52 (12) ◽

pp. 2637-2639 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C. C. Chinnappa ◽

L. S. Gill

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Chromosome Number ◽

North American ◽

Chromosome Numbers ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Chromosome Counts ◽

Present Survey ◽

The One ◽

Basic Numbers

Chromosome counts for eight species of Impatiens from North American populations have been determined from herbarium specimens. The chromosome number n = 10 for I. ecalcarata Blank, is a new report. It is apparent from the present survey that there are at least three basic numbers (n = 7, 10, and 13) represented in North America as opposed to the one (n = 10) suggested by the earlier workers.

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