scholarly journals Fungal adaptation to plant defences through convergent assembly of metabolic modules

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (24) ◽  
pp. 5120-5136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emile Gluck‐Thaler ◽  
Vinod Vijayakumar ◽  
Jason C. Slot
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defences ◽  
Fungal Adaptation ◽  
Convergent Assembly

scholarly journals Novel Antarctic yeast adapts to cold by switching energy metabolism and increasing small RNA synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Touchette ◽  
I. Altshuler ◽  
C. Gostinčar ◽  
P. Zalar ◽  
I. Raymond-Bouchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Ethanol Fermentation ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
Metabolic Switch ◽  
Antarctic Yeast ◽  
Fungal Adaptation ◽  
Pentose Phosphate Pathways ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

AbstractThe novel extremophilic yeast Rhodotorula frigidialcoholis, formerly R. JG1b, was isolated from ice-cemented permafrost in University Valley (Antarctic), one of coldest and driest environments on Earth. Phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses classified R. frigidialcoholis as a novel species. To characterize its cold-adaptive strategies, we performed mRNA and sRNA transcriptomic analyses, phenotypic profiling, and assessed ethanol production at 0 and 23 °C. Downregulation of the ETC and citrate cycle genes, overexpression of fermentation and pentose phosphate pathways genes, growth without reduction of tetrazolium dye, and our discovery of ethanol production at 0 °C indicate that R. frigidialcoholis induces a metabolic switch from respiration to ethanol fermentation as adaptation in Antarctic permafrost. This is the first report of microbial ethanol fermentation utilized as the major energy pathway in response to cold and the coldest temperature reported for natural ethanol production. R. frigidialcoholis increased its diversity and abundance of sRNAs when grown at 0 versus 23 °C. This was consistent with increase in transcription of Dicer, a key protein for sRNA processing. Our results strongly imply that post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and mRNA silencing may be a novel evolutionary fungal adaptation in the cryosphere.

Herbivore-induced, indirect plant defences

2005 ◽  
Vol 1734 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gen-ichiro Arimura ◽  
Christian Kost ◽  
Wilhelm Boland
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defences

ChemInform Abstract: Trityl Ethers in Oligosaccharide Synthesis: A Novel Strategy for the Convergent Assembly of Oligosaccharides.

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (34) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
G.-J. BOONS ◽  
S. BOWERS ◽  
D. M. COE
Keyword(s):  
Oligosaccharide Synthesis ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
Convergent Assembly

scholarly journals Herbivores and plant defences affect selection on plant reproductive traits more strongly than pollinators

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Santangelo ◽  
Ken A. Thompson ◽  
Marc T. J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Plant Defences

Convergent Assembly of Polycyclic Ethers via Acyl Radical Addition to Unactivated Enol Ether

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (25) ◽  
pp. 5801-5804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Inoue ◽  
Yuuki Ishihara ◽  
Shuji Yamashita ◽  
Masahiro Hirama
Keyword(s):  
Radical Addition ◽  
Enol Ether ◽  
Acyl Radical ◽  
Convergent Assembly ◽  
Polycyclic Ethers

scholarly journals Inhibition of lipoxygenase affects induction of both direct and indirect plant defences against herbivorous insects

Oecologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maaike Bruinsma ◽  
Sarah van Broekhoven ◽  
Erik H. Poelman ◽  
Maarten A. Posthumus ◽  
Martin J. Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbivorous Insects ◽  
Plant Defences

scholarly journals The legacy of the extinct Neotropical megafauna on plants and biomes

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius L. Dantas ◽  
Juli G. Pausas
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Plant Evolution ◽  
Vegetation Patterns ◽  
Plant Defences ◽  
Large Mammal ◽  
Plant Trait ◽  
Historical Distribution

AbstractLarge mammal herbivores are important drivers of plant evolution and vegetation patterns, but the extent to which plant trait and ecosystem geography currently reflect the historical distribution of extinct megafauna is unknown. We address this question for South and Central America (Neotropical biogeographic realm) by compiling data on plant defence traits, climate, soil, and fire, as well as on the historical distribution of extinct megafauna and extant mammal herbivores. We show that historical mammal herbivory, especially by extinct megafauna, and soil fertility explain substantial variability in wood density, leaf size, spines and latex. We also identified three distinct regions (‘‘antiherbiomes’’), differing in plant defences, environmental conditions, and megafauna history. These patterns largely matched those observed in African ecosystems, where abundant megafauna still roams, and suggest that some ecoregions experienced savanna-to-forest shifts following megafauna extinctions. Here, we show that extinct megafauna left a significant imprint on current ecosystem biogeography.

ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Glycosylation Strategy for the Convergent Assembly of Phytoalexin-Elicitor Active Oligosaccharides and Their Photoreactive Derivatives.

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Richard Geurtsen ◽  
Francois Cote ◽  
Michael G. Hahn ◽  
Geert-Jan Boons
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Assembly

scholarly journals The specificity of plant defences

Nature ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 283 (5743) ◽  
pp. 135-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Dixon ◽  
C.J. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defences
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