Association between eccentric knee flexor strength and hamstring injury risk in 185 elite Gaelic football players

Purpose:To examine the effect of body mass (BM) on eccentric knee-flexor strength using the Nordbord and offer simple guidelines to control for the effect of BM on knee-flexor strength.Methods:Data from 81 soccer players (U17, U19, U21, senior 4th French division, and professionals) and 41 Australian Football League (AFL) players were used for analysis. They all performed 1 set of 3 maximal repetitions of the bilateral Nordic hamstring exercise, with the greatest strength measure used for analysis. The main regression equation obtained from the overall sample was used to predict eccentric knee-flexor strength from a given BM (moderate TEE, 22%). Individual deviations from the BM-predicted score were used as a BM-free index of eccentric knee- flexor strength.Results:There was a large (r = .55, 90% confidence limits .42;.64) correlation between eccentric knee-flexor strength and BM. Heavier and older players (professionals, 4th French division, and AFL) outperformed their lighter and younger (U17–U21) counterparts, with the soccer professionals presenting the highest absolute strength. Professional soccer players were the only ones to show strength values likely slightly greater than those expected for their BM.Conclusions:Eccentric knee-flexor strength, as assessed with the Nordbord, is largely BM-dependent. To control for this effect, practitioners may compare actual test performances with the expected strength for a given BM, using the following predictive equation: Eccentric strength (N) = 4 × BM (kg) + 26.1. Professional soccer players with specific knee-flexor-training history and enhanced neuromuscular performance may show higher than expected values.

Download Full-text

ECCENTRIC KNEE FLEXOR STRENGTH AND HAMSTRING INJURY RISK IN ATHLETES WITH HISTORY OF ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2016-097372.200 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 363.1-363 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Daniel Messer ◽

Matthew Bourne ◽

Ryan Timmins ◽

David Opar ◽

Morgan Williams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ◽

Injury Risk ◽

Ligament Reconstruction ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Hamstring Injury ◽

Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ◽

History Of ◽

Anterior Cruciate ◽

Flexor Strength

Download Full-text

Knee flexor strength, rate of torque development and flexibility in women and men with patellofemoral pain: Relationship with pain and the single leg bridge test

Physical Therapy in Sport ◽

10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.05.006 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matheus Henrique Maiolini Ducatti ◽

Marina Cabral Waiteman ◽

Ana Flávia Balotari Botta ◽

Helder dos Santos Lopes ◽

Neal Robert Glaviano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Patellofemoral Pain ◽

Knee Flexor ◽

Rate Of Torque Development ◽

Torque Development ◽

Flexor Strength

Download Full-text

Protection Against Spikes in Workload With Aerobic Fitness and Playing Experience: The Role of the Acute:Chronic Workload Ratio on Injury Risk in Elite Gaelic Football

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2016-0090 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 393-401 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Shane Malone ◽

Mark Roe ◽

Dominic A. Doran ◽

Tim J. Gabbett ◽

Kieran D. Collins

Keyword(s):

Aerobic Fitness ◽

Injury Risk ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Reference Group ◽

Time Trial ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Football Players ◽

Risk Of Injury ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Injury Protection

Purpose:To examine the association between combined session rating of perceived exertion (RPE) workload measures and injury risk in elite Gaelic footballers.Methods:Thirty-seven elite Gaelic footballers (mean ± SD age 24.2 ± 2.9 y) from 1 elite squad were involved in a single-season study. Weekly workload (session RPE multiplied by duration) and all time-loss injuries (including subsequent-wk injuries) were recorded during the period. Rolling weekly sums and wk-to-wk changes in workload were measured, enabling the calculation of the acute:chronic workload ratio by dividing acute workload (ie, 1-weekly workload) by chronic workload (ie, rolling-average 4-weekly workload). Workload measures were then modeled against data for all injuries sustained using a logistic-regression model. Odds ratios (ORs) were reported against a reference group.Results:High 1-weekly workloads (≥2770 arbitrary units [AU], OR = 1.63–6.75) were associated with significantly higher risk of injury than in a low-training-load reference group (<1250 AU). When exposed to spikes in workload (acute:chronic workload ratio >1.5), players with 1 y experience had a higher risk of injury (OR = 2.22) and players with 2–3 (OR = 0.20) and 4–6 y (OR = 0.24) of experience had a lower risk of injury. Players with poorer aerobic fitness (estimated from a 1-km time trial) had a higher injury risk than those with higher aerobic fitness (OR = 1.50–2.50). An acute:chronic workload ratio of (≥2.0) demonstrated the greatest risk of injury.Conclusions:These findings highlight an increased risk of injury for elite Gaelic football players with high (>2.0) acute:chronic workload ratios and high weekly workloads. A high aerobic capacity and playing experience appears to offer injury protection against rapid changes in workload and high acute:chronic workload ratios. Moderate workloads, coupled with moderate to high changes in the acute:chronic workload ratio, appear to be protective for Gaelic football players.

Download Full-text

Soccer Fatigue, Sprinting and Hamstring Injury Risk

International Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-0029-1202822 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 30 (08) ◽

pp. 573-578 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

K. Small ◽

L. R. McNaughton ◽

M. Greig ◽

M. Lohkamp ◽

R. Lovell

Keyword(s):

Injury Risk ◽

Hamstring Injury

Download Full-text