Pathogen reduction treatment alters the immunomodulatory capacity of buffy coat-derived platelet concentrates

Introduction: The objective of the present study was to describe the experience of the Blood and Tissues Bank of Aragon with the Reveos® Automated Blood Processing System and Mirasol® Pathogen Reduction Technology (PRT) System, comparing retrospectively routine quality data obtained in two different observation periods. Methods: Comparing quality data encompassing 6,525 blood components from the period 2007–2012, when the semi-automated buffy coat method was used in routine, with 6,553 quality data from the period 2014–2019, when the Reveos system and subsequently the Mirasol system were implemented in routine. Results: Moving from buffy coat to Reveos led to decreased discard rates of whole blood units (1.2 to 0.1%), increased hemoglobin content (48.1 ± 7.6 to 55.4 ± 6.6 g/unit), and hematocrit (58.9 ± 6.5% to 60.0 ± 4.9%) in red blood cell concentrates. Platelet concentrates (PCs) in both periods had similar yields (3.5 ×1011). Whereas in the earlier period, PCs resulted from pooling 5 buffy coats, in the second period 25% of PCs were prepared from 4 interim platelet units. The mean level of factor VIII in plasma was significantly higher with Reveos (92.8 vs. 97.3 IU). Mirasol PRT treatment of PCs reduced expiry rates to 1.2% in 2019. One septic transmission was reported with a non-PRT treated PCs, but none with PRT-treated PCs. Conclusion: Automation contributed to standardization, efficiency, and improvement of blood processing. Released resources enabled the effortless implementation of PRT. The combination of both technologies guaranteed the self-sufficiency and improvement of blood safety.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Clinical effectiveness of leucoreduced, pooled donor platelet concentrates, stored in plasma or additive solution with and without pathogen reduction.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.4103956.3889054 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Mike Murphy ◽

Lise Estcourt

Keyword(s):

Clinical Effectiveness ◽

Platelet Concentrates ◽

Pathogen Reduction ◽

Additive Solution

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Complete Inactivation of Blood Borne Pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi in Stored Human Platelet Concentrates and Plasma Treated With 405 nm Violet-Blue Light

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2020.617373 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Katarzyna I. Jankowska ◽

Rana Nagarkatti ◽

Nirmallya Acharyya ◽

Neetu Dahiya ◽

Caitlin F. Stewart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽

Human Plasma ◽

Blue Light ◽

Chagas Disease ◽

Light Treatment ◽

Platelet Concentrates ◽

Complete Inactivation ◽

Pathogen Reduction ◽

Biochemical Indices

The introduction of pathogen reduction technologies (PRTs) to inactivate bacteria, viruses and parasites in donated blood components stored for transfusion adds to the existing arsenal toward reducing the risk of transfusion-transmitted infectious diseases (TTIDs). We have previously demonstrated that 405 nm violet-blue light effectively reduces blood-borne bacteria in stored human plasma and platelet concentrates. In this report, we investigated the microbicidal effect of 405 nm light on one important bloodborne parasite Trypanosoma cruzi that causes Chagas disease in humans. Our results demonstrated that a light irradiance at 15 mWcm−2 for 5 h, equivalent to 270 Jcm−2, effectively inactivated T. cruzi by over 9.0 Log10, in plasma and platelets that were evaluated by a MK2 cell infectivity assay. Giemsa stained T. cruzi infected MK2 cells showed that the light-treated parasites in plasma and platelets were deficient in infecting MK2 cells and did not differentiate further into intracellular amastigotes unlike the untreated parasites. The light-treated and untreated parasite samples were then evaluated for any residual infectivity by injecting the treated parasites into Swiss Webster mice, which did not develop infection even after the animals were immunosuppressed, further demonstrating that the light treatment was completely effective for inactivation of the parasite; the light-treated platelets had similar in vitro metabolic and biochemical indices to that of untreated platelets. Overall, these results provide a proof of concept toward developing 405 nm light treatment as a pathogen reduction technology (PRT) to enhance the safety of stored human plasma and platelet concentrates from bloodborne T. cruzi, which causes Chagas disease.

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