scholarly journals Study of different order of Gaussian Quadrature using Linear Element Interpolation in First Order Polarization Tensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-353
Author(s):  
Suzarina Ahmed Sukri ◽  
Yeak Su Hoe ◽  
Taufiq Khairi Ahmad Khairuddin
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Gaussian Quadrature ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Linear Interpolation ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Polarization Tensor ◽  
First Order ◽  
Different Order

Polarization tensor (PT) has been widely used in engineering application, particularly in electric and magnetic field areas. In this case, suitable method must be employed in the evaluation of PT in order to make sure that the tensor obtained is higher in its accuracy. Our aim in this paper is to provide simple and easy implemented method to compute first order PT which is based on Gaussian quadrature numerical integration involving linear interpolation.  This study provides the comparison between two different orders of Gaussian quadrature, which is order one and order three. The numerical technique of higher order Gaussian quadrature as PT being calculated offer more accurate and higher in its convergence. Relative error for PT is calculated by using provided analytical solution and higher order Gaussian quadrature gives high accuracy and convergence compared to lower order Gaussian quadrature. In this study, the validation of the results obtained by using our proposed method is provided by comparing it with the analytical solution derived from previous researcher. We illustrate the behavior of a tensor of a sphere and ellipsoid with graphical representation.

scholarly journals Solution of Higher-Order ODEs Using Backward Difference Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Bin Suleiman ◽  
Zarina Bibi Binti Ibrahim ◽  
Ahmad Fadly Nurullah Bin Rasedee
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Ordinary Differential Equations ◽  
Difference Method ◽  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
First Order ◽  
The Relationship

The current numerical technique for solving a system of higher-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is to reduce it to a system of first-order equations then solving it using first-order ODE methods. Here, we propose a method to solve higher-order ODEs directly. The formulae will be derived in terms of backward difference in a constant stepsize formulation. The method developed will be validated by solving some higher-order ODEs directly with constant stepsize. To simplify the evaluations of the integration coefficients, we find the relationship between various orders. The result presented confirmed our hypothesis.

scholarly journals The Effect of Different Scale on Object to the Approximation of the First Order Polarization Tensor of Sphere, Ellipsoid, and Cube

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Suzarina Ahmed Sukri ◽  
Taufiq Khairi Ahmad Khairuddin ◽  
Mukhiddin Muminov ◽  
Yeak Su Hoe ◽  
Syafina Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Theoretical Result ◽  
Scaling Factor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Polarization Tensor ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
First Order ◽  
Related Object ◽  
Different Types

Polarization tensor (PT) is a classical terminology in fluid mechanics and theory of electricity that can describe geometry in a specific boundary domain with different conductivity contrasts. In this regard, the geometry may appear in a different size, and for easy characterizing, the usage of PT to identify particular objects is crucial. Hence, in this paper, the first order polarization tensor for different types of object with a diverse range of sizes are presented. Here, we used three different geometries: sphere, ellipsoid, and cube, with fixed conductivity for each object. The software Matlab and Netgen Mesh Generator are the essential mathematical tools to aid the computation of the polarization tensor. From the analytical results obtained, the first order PT for sphere and ellipsoid depends on the size of both geometries. On the other hand, the numerical investigation is conducted for the first order PT for cube, since there is no analytical solution for the first order PT related to this geometry, to further verify the scaling property of the first order PT due to the scaling on the size of the original related object. Our results agree with the previous theoretical result that the first order polarization tensor of any geometry will be scaled at a fixed scaling factor according to the scaling on the size of the original geometry.

Dual systems for all: Higher-order, role-based relational reasoning as a uniquely derived feature of human cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽  
Shannon L. Kuznar ◽  
Mateja Pavlic
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Reasoning ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Important Case ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Relational Reasoning ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
First Order ◽  
Reasoning System ◽  
Role Based

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.

Challenging the Multidimensional Conception of Perceived Person-Environment Fit

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Julian M. Etzel ◽  
Gabriel Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
University Students ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Substantial Proportion ◽  
Unique Variance ◽  
First Order ◽  
Person Environment Fit ◽  
Order Factor

Abstract. In the current study, we examined the viability of a multidimensional conception of perceived person-environment (P-E) fit in higher education. We introduce an optimized 12-item measure that distinguishes between four content dimensions of perceived P-E fit: interest-contents (I-C) fit, needs-supplies (N-S) fit, demands-abilities (D-A) fit, and values-culture (V-C) fit. The central aim of our study was to examine whether the relationships between different P-E fit dimensions and educational outcomes can be accounted for by a higher-order factor that captures the shared features of the four fit dimensions. Relying on a large sample of university students in Germany, we found that students distinguish between the proposed fit dimensions. The respective first-order factors shared a substantial proportion of variance and conformed to a higher-order factor model. Using a newly developed factor extension procedure, we found that the relationships between the first-order factors and most outcomes were not fully accounted for by the higher-order factor. Rather, with the exception of V-C fit, all specific P-E fit factors that represent the first-order factors’ unique variance showed reliable and theoretically plausible relationships with different outcomes. These findings support the viability of a multidimensional conceptualization of P-E fit and the validity of our adapted instrument.

Computational Models for Multilayered Composite Shells with Application to Tires

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Kulikov
Keyword(s):  
Type Theory ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Geometrical Nonlinearity ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Strain Fields ◽  
First Order ◽  
Timoshenko Type ◽  
Joint Influence ◽  
Discrete Layer

Abstract This paper focuses on four tire computational models based on two-dimensional shear deformation theories, namely, the first-order Timoshenko-type theory, the higher-order Timoshenko-type theory, the first-order discrete-layer theory, and the higher-order discrete-layer theory. The joint influence of anisotropy, geometrical nonlinearity, and laminated material response on the tire stress-strain fields is examined. The comparative analysis of stresses and strains of the cord-rubber tire on the basis of these four shell computational models is given. Results show that neglecting the effect of anisotropy leads to an incorrect description of the stress-strain fields even in bias-ply tires.

Analytical solution for unsteady flow behind ionizing shock wave in a rotational axisymmetric non-ideal gas with azimuthal or axial magnetic field

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-283
Author(s):  
G. Nath
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Shock Wave ◽  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Axial Magnetic Field ◽  
Order Approximation ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Field Region ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Approximation ◽  
Flow Variables

Abstract The approximate analytical solution for the propagation of gas ionizing cylindrical blast (shock) wave in a rotational axisymmetric non-ideal gas with azimuthal or axial magnetic field is investigated. The axial and azimuthal components of fluid velocity are taken into consideration and these flow variables, magnetic field in the ambient medium are assumed to be varying according to the power laws with distance from the axis of symmetry. The shock is supposed to be strong one for the ratio C 0 V s 2 ${\left(\frac{{C}_{0}}{{V}_{s}}\right)}^{2}$ to be a negligible small quantity, where C 0 is the sound velocity in undisturbed fluid and V S is the shock velocity. In the undisturbed medium the density is assumed to be constant to obtain the similarity solution. The flow variables in power series of C 0 V s 2 ${\left(\frac{{C}_{0}}{{V}_{s}}\right)}^{2}$ are expanded to obtain the approximate analytical solutions. The first order and second order approximations to the solutions are discussed with the help of power series expansion. For the first order approximation the analytical solutions are derived. In the flow-field region behind the blast wave the distribution of the flow variables in the case of first order approximation is shown in graphs. It is observed that in the flow field region the quantity J 0 increases with an increase in the value of gas non-idealness parameter or Alfven-Mach number or rotational parameter. Hence, the non-idealness of the gas and the presence of rotation or magnetic field have decaying effect on shock wave.

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