scholarly journals Neuronal hypertrophy dampens neuronal intrinsic excitability and stress responsiveness during chronic stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 598 (13) ◽  
pp. 2757-2773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Matovic ◽  
Aoi Ichiyama ◽  
Hiroyuki Igarashi ◽  
Eric W. Salter ◽  
Julia K. Sunstrum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Intrinsic Excitability ◽  
Stress Responsiveness ◽  
Neuronal Hypertrophy

Recovery after chronic stress fails to reverse amygdaloid neuronal hypertrophy and enhanced anxiety-like behavior

Neuroscience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vyas ◽  
A.G. Pillai ◽  
S. Chattarji
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Neuronal Hypertrophy

scholarly journals Adaptive synaptic plasticity maintains CRH neuron output during chronic glucocorticoid exposure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neilen Rasiah ◽  
David Rosenegger ◽  
Nuria Daviu ◽  
Tamás Füzesi ◽  
Jessie Muir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Paraventricular Nucleus ◽  
Intrinsic Excitability ◽  
Intrinsic Activity ◽  
Endocrine Response ◽  
Synaptic Scaling ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Surprising Discovery

AbstractAn increase in circulating glucocorticoids (CORT) is an essential part of the response to stress. Sustained elevations of CORT, however, have dramatic consequences on behavior, endocrine systems and peripheral organs. Critically, they dampen the endocrine response to acute challenges and decrease intrinsic excitability of corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (CRHPVN), suggesting key circuits may be less responsive to stress. Here, we make the surprising discovery that CRHPVN neurons harness a form of adaptive synaptic scaling to escape the persistent negative feedback pressure from CORT and maintain stable output in vivo. Specifically, there is an increase in glutamatergic drive to these cells that is mediated by a postsynaptic, multiplicative increase in synaptic strength. These findings suggest that dysfunctions associated with chronic stress may not be due to the primary actions of CORT, but instead reflect the emergence of synaptic adaptations as networks seek to re-establish intrinsic activity setpoints.

scholarly journals Stress Responsiveness and Emotional Eating Depend on Youngsters’ Chronic Stress Level and Overweight

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3654
Author(s):  
Kathleen Wijnant ◽  
Joanna Klosowska ◽  
Caroline Braet ◽  
Sandra Verbeken ◽  
Stefaan De Henauw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Trier Social Stress Test ◽  
Cortisol Reactivity ◽  
Paediatric Obesity ◽  
Stress Responsiveness

The persistent coexistence of stress and paediatric obesity involves interrelated psychophysiological mechanisms, which are believed to function as a vicious circle. Here, a key mechanistic role is assumed for stress responsiveness and eating behaviour. After a stress induction by the Trier Social Stress Test in youngsters (n = 137, 50.4% boys, 6–18 years), specifically those high in chronic stress level and overweight (partial η2 = 0.03–0.07) exhibited increased stress vulnerability (stronger relative salivary cortisol reactivity and weaker happiness recovery) and higher fat/sweet snack intake, compared to the normal-weight and low-stress reference group. Stress responsiveness seems to stimulate unhealthy and emotional eating, i.e., strong cortisol reactivity was linked to higher fat/sweet snack intake (β = 0.22) and weak autonomic system recovery was linked to high total and fat/sweet snack intake (β = 0.2–0.3). Additionally, stress responsiveness acted as a moderator. As a result, stress responsiveness and emotional eating might be targets to prevent stress-induced overweight.

Chronic Stress, Self-reported/Biomarker Diabetic Control, and Kidney Dysfunction

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda S. Hipol ◽  
Charles A. Guarnaccia
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Kidney Dysfunction

Adult attachment, chronic stress, and depressive symptoms

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Steven Rholes ◽  
Jeffry A. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Adult Attachment
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