scholarly journals Glycine Receptors and Glycinergic Synaptic Input at the Axon Terminals of Mammalian Retinal Rod Bipolar Cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 553 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjuan Cui ◽  
Yu‐Ping Ma ◽  
Stuart A. Lipton ◽  
Zhuo‐Hua Pan
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Input ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Glycine Receptors ◽  
Axon Terminals ◽  
Retinal Rod ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells

Bullfrog retinal bipolar cells may express heterogeneous glycine receptors at dendrites and axon terminals

2002 ◽  
Vol 322 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiu-Lin Du ◽  
Xiong-Li Yang
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Glycine Receptors ◽  
Axon Terminals ◽  
Retinal Bipolar Cells

scholarly journals GABAA, GABACand glycine receptor-mediated inhibition differentially affects light-evoked signalling from mouse retinal rod bipolar cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 572 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika D. Eggers ◽  
Peter D. Lukasiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Receptor ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Retinal Rod ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells

scholarly journals Reductions in Calcium Signaling Limit Inhibition to Diabetic Retinal Rod Bipolar Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 4063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnnie M. Moore-Dotson ◽  
Erika D. Eggers
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Signaling ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Retinal Rod ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells

Morphological differentiation of bipolar cells in the ferret retina

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1133-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.D. MILLER ◽  
M.N. TRAN ◽  
G.-K. WONG ◽  
D.M. OAKLEY ◽  
R.O.L. WONG
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Axon Terminals ◽  
Ribbon Synapses ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells ◽  
Cone Bipolar Cells ◽  
Dye Labeling

Bipolar cells are not only important for visual processing but input from these cells may underlie the reorganization of ganglion cell dendrites in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) during development. Because little is known about the development of bipolar cells, here we have used immunocytochemical markers and dye labeling to identify and follow their differentiation in the neonatal ferret retina. Putative cone bipolar cells were immunoreacted for calbindin and recoverin, and rod bipolar cells were immunostained for protein kinase C (PKC). Our results show that calbindin-immunoreactive cone bipolar cells appear at postnatal day 15 (P15), at which time their axonal terminals are already localized to the inner half of the IPL. By contrast, recoverin-immunoreactive cells with terminals in the IPL are present at birth, but many of these cells may be immature photoreceptors. By the second postnatal week, recoverin-positive cells resembling cone bipolar cells were clearly present, and with increasing age, two distinct strata of immunolabeled processes occupied the IPL. PKC-containing rod bipolar cells emerged by the fourth postnatal week and at this age have stratified arbors in the inner IPL. The early bias of bipolar axonal arbors in terminating in the inner or outer half of the IPL is confirmed by dye labeling of cells with somata in the inner nuclear layer. At P10, several days before ribbon synapses have been previously observed in the ferret IPL, the axon terminals of all dye-labeled bipolar cells were clearly stratified. The results suggest that bipolar cells could provide spatially localized interactions that are suitable for guiding dendritic lamination in the inner retina.

scholarly journals Ribbon synapses compute temporal contrast and encode luminance in retinal rod bipolar cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1555-1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas W Oesch ◽  
Jeffrey S Diamond
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Temporal Contrast ◽  
Ribbon Synapses ◽  
Retinal Rod ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells

Differential Expression of High- and Two Types of Low-Voltage–Activated Calcium Currents in Rod and Cone Bipolar Cells of the Rat Retina

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 513-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo-Hua Pan
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Calcium Currents ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Axon Terminals ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells ◽  
Cone Bipolar Cells

Whole cell voltage-clamp recordings were performed to investigate voltage-activated Ca2+ currents in acutely isolated retinal bipolar cells of rats. Two groups of morphologically different bipolar cells were observed. Bipolar cells of the first group, which represent the majority of isolated bipolar cells, were immunoreactive to protein kinase C (PKC) and, therefore likely to be rod bipolar cells. Bipolar cells of the second group, which represent only a small population of isolated bipolar cells, did not show PKC immunoreactivity and were likely to be cone bipolar cells. The validity of morphological identification of bipolar cells was further confirmed by the presence of GABAC responses in these cells. Bipolar cells of both groups displayed low-voltage–activated (LVA) Ca2+ currents with similar voltage dependence of activation and steady-state inactivation. However, the activation, inactivation, and deactivation kinetics of the LVA Ca2+ currents between rod and cone bipolar cells differed. Particularly, the LVA Ca2+ currents of rod bipolar cells displayed both transient and sustained components. In contrast, the LVA Ca2+ currents of cone bipolar cells were mainly transient. In addition, the LVA Ca2+ channels of rod bipolar cells were more permeable to Ba2+ than to Ca2+, whereas those of cone bipolar cells were equally or less permeable to Ba2+ than to Ca2+. The LVA Ca2+ currents of both rod and cone bipolar cells were antagonized by high concentrations of nimodipine with IC50of 17 and 23 μM, respectively, but largely resistant to Cd2+ and Ni2+. Bipolar cells of both groups also displayed high-voltage–activated (HVA) Ca2+ currents. The HVA Ca2+ currents were, at least in part, to be L-type that were potentiated by BayK-8644 (1 μM) and largely antagonized by low concentrations of nimodipine (5 μM). The L-type Ca2+channels were almost exclusively located at the axon terminals of rod bipolar cells but expressed at least in the cell soma of cone bipolar cells. Results of this study indicate that rod and cone bipolar cells of the mammalian retina differentially express at least two types of LVA Ca2+ channels. Rod and cone bipolar cells also show different spatial distribution of L-type Ca2+channels.

scholarly journals LIM-Homeodomain Transcription Factor LHX4 Is Required for the Differentiation of Retinal Rod Bipolar Cells and OFF-Cone Bipolar Subtypes

Cell Reports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 108144
Author(s):  
Xuhui Dong ◽  
Hua Yang ◽  
Xiangtian Zhou ◽  
Xiaoling Xie ◽  
Dongliang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Homeodomain Transcription Factor ◽  
Retinal Rod ◽  
Rod Bipolar Cells ◽  
Lim Homeodomain
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