Effect of Discharge Energy Distribution on Flame Kernel Development

Abstract The early flame kernel initiation and development are essential to a successful combustion process, especially under lean burn/EGR diluted conditions. Multiple ignition sites strategy has shown promise to secure the flame kernel initiation under extreme engine operating conditions. Two factors are considered to contribute to the enhanced ignition capability, i.e. the higher ignition energy and the multiple initial flame kernels. However, the mechanism why the multiple ignition sites help combustion is less understood. In this work, the impacts of the ignition energy distribution strategy on the flame inception process are investigated in a constant volume combustion chamber. A multi-coil ignition system, along with a sparkplug with three high-voltage electrodes, is used to adjust the discharge energy from 10 mJ to 240 mJ, as well as the energy deposition strategies. Experimental results have shown that the distributed energy strategy with sufficient discharge energy can establish a bigger initial flame kernel, leading to faster flame growth rates, as compared to the concentrated energy strategy.

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Effect of spark discharge energy scheduling on ignition under quiescent and flow conditions

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part D Journal of Automobile Engineering ◽

10.1177/0954407020915976 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 234 (12) ◽

pp. 2878-2891

Author(s):

Zhenyi Yang ◽

Xiao Yu ◽

Hua Zhu ◽

David S-K Ting ◽

Ming Zheng

Keyword(s):

Flow Velocity ◽

High Power ◽

Cross Flow ◽

Spark Discharge ◽

Discharge Process ◽

Discharge Energy ◽

Flow Conditions ◽

Flame Kernel ◽

Spark Plug ◽

Spark Energy

The enhancement of the breakdown power during the spark discharge process has been proved to be beneficial for the flame kernel formation process under lean/diluted conditions. Such a strategy is realized by using a conventional transistor coil ignition system with an add-on capacitance in parallel to the spark plug gap in this paper. In practical application, the use of different ceramic material other than aluminum oxide can change the parasitic capacitance of the spark plug, achieving similar effect in terms of rescheduling the discharge energy released during the breakdown phase. Detailed research has been carried out to investigate the effect of the parallel capacitance and the cross flow velocity on the flame kernel formation and propagation process. With the increase in parallel capacitance, more spark energy is delivered during the breakdown phase, while less energy is released during the arc/glow phase. Shadowgraph images of the spark plasma reveal that the high-power spark discharge can generate a larger high-temperature area with enhanced electrically prompted turbulence under quiescent conditions, as compared with that using the conventional transistor coil ignition discharge strategy under the same condition. The breakdown enhanced turbulence of the high-power spark is proved to be beneficial for the flame kernel development, especially with the lean or exhaust gas recirculation diluted combustible mixtures, given that sufficient spark energy is available for the high-power spark strategy to successfully generate the breakdown event. The results of combustion tests under flow conditions reveal that the breakdown enhanced turbulence of the high-power spark tends to be overshadowed by the turbulence generated from the flow field, and both the increase in flow velocity and parallel capacitance contribute to the reduction in discharge duration of the arc/glow phase. Therefore, the benefits brought about by the high-power spark discharge tend to diminish with the intensification of flow velocity.

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