The Effects of Filler Metal Transformation Temperature on Residual Stresses in a High Strength Steel Weld

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Francis ◽  
H. J. Stone ◽  
S. Kundu ◽  
H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia ◽  
R. B. Rogge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Transformation Temperature ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Filler Metal ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Steel Weld ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Consumables

Residual stress in the vicinity of a weld can have a large influence on structural integrity. Here the extent to which the martensite-start temperature of the weld filler metal can be adjusted to engineer the residual stress distribution in a bainitic-martensitic steel weld was investigated. Three single-pass groove welds were deposited by manual-metal-arc welding on 12 mm thick steel plates using filler metals designed to have different martensite-start temperatures. Their longitudinal, transverse, and normal residual stress distributions were then characterized across the weld cross section by neutron diffraction. It was found that tensile stresses along the welding direction can be reduced or even replaced with compressive stresses if the transformation temperature is lowered sufficiently. The results are interpreted in the context of designing better welding consumables.

Transformation Temperatures and Welding Residual Stresses in Ferritic Steels

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Francis ◽  
H. J. Stone ◽  
S. Kundu ◽  
R. B. Rogge ◽  
H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Thick Steel ◽  
Steel Welds ◽  
Welding Consumables ◽  
Filler Metals

Residual stress in the vicinity of a weld can have a large influence on structural integrity. Here the extent to which the martensite-start temperature of the weld filler metal can be adjusted to mitigate residual stress distributions in ferritic steel welds has been investigated. Three single-pass groove welds were deposited by manual-metal-arc welding on 12mm thick steel plates using filler metals designed to have different martensite-start temperatures. Their residual stress distributions were then characterised by neutron diffraction. It was found that a lower transformation temperature leads to a potentially less harmful stress distribution in and near the fusion zone. The experimental method is reported and the results are interpreted in the context of designing better welding consumables.

scholarly journals Residual stress distributions in laser and gas-metal-arc welded high-strength steel plates

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (14) ◽  
pp. 1449-1461 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Guo ◽  
J. A. Francis ◽  
L. Li ◽  
A. N. Vasileiou ◽  
D. Crowther ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
High Strength Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Stress Distributions

Capability of martensitic low transformation temperature welding consumables for increasing the fatigue strength of high strength steel joints

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 891-900
Author(s):  
Jonas Hensel ◽  
Arne Kromm ◽  
Thomas Nitschke-Pagel ◽  
Jonny Dixneit ◽  
Klaus Dilger
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
High Strength Steel ◽  
Transformation Temperature ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Filler Material ◽  
Phase Transformation Temperature ◽  
Filler Materials

Abstract The use of low transformation temperature (LTT) filler materials represents a smart approach for increasing the fatigue strength of welded high strength steel structures apart from the usual procedures of post weld treatment. The main mechanism is based on the effect of the low start temperature of martensite formation on the stress already present during welding. Thus, compressive residual stress formed due to constrained volume expansion in connection with phase transformation become highly effective. Furthermore, the weld metal has a high hardness that can delay the formation of fatigue cracks but also leads to low toughness. Fundamental investigations on the weldability of an LTT filler material are presented in this work, including the characterization of the weld microstructure, its hardness, phase transformation temperature and mechanical properties. Special attention was applied to avoid imperfections in order to ensure a high weld quality for subsequent fatigue testing. Fatigue tests were conducted on the welded joints of the base materials S355J2 and S960QL using conventional filler materials as a comparison to the LTT filler. Butt joints were used with a variation in the weld type (DY-weld and V-weld). In addition, a component-like specimen (longitudinal stiffener) was investigated where the LTT filler material was applied as an additional layer. The joints were characterized with respect to residual stress, its stability during cyclic loading and microstructure. The results show that the application of LTT consumables leads to a significant increase in fatigue strength when basic design guidelines are followed. This enables a benefit from the lightweight design potential of high-strength steel grades.

Numerical Simulation of Residual Stresses due to Multipass Welding in High Strength Steel Plates and Validation against Experimental Measurements

2018 ◽  
Vol 941 ◽  
pp. 269-273
Author(s):  
Constant Ramard ◽  
Denis Carron ◽  
Philippe Pilvin ◽  
Florent Bridier
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
High Strength Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Contour Method ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Multipass Welding

Multipass arc welding is commonly used for thick plates assemblies in shipbuilding. Sever thermal cycles induced by the process generate inhomogeneous plastic deformation and residual stresses. Metallurgical transformations contribute at each pass to the residual stress evolution. Since residual stresses can be detrimental to the performance of the welded product, their estimation is essential and numerical modelling is useful to predict them. Finite element analysis of multipass welding of a high strength steel is achieved with a special emphasis on mechanical and metallurgical effects on residual stress. A welding mock-up was specially designed for experimental measurements of in-depth residual stresses using contour method and deep hole drilling and to provide a simplified case for simulation. The computed results are discussed through a comparison with experimental measurements.

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