Development and Evaluation of Ceramic Components for 8000-kW Class Hybrid Gas Turbine

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sazo Tsuruzono ◽  
Makoto Yoshida ◽  
Toshifumi Kubo ◽  
Takashi Ono ◽  
Takero Fukudome
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Tensile Creep ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Ceramic Components

An 8000 kW class hybrid gas turbine (HGT) project, administered by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) and sponsored by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), has been started in July 1999 in Japan[1]. The target of this project is improvement in thermal efficiency and output power by using ceramic components, and earlier commercialization of the gas turbine system. Ceramic components are used for stationary parts subjected to high temperature, such as combustor liners, transition ducts, and first stage turbine nozzles. The gas turbine development was conducted in cooperation with Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KHI). Kyocera started a study on fabricating the ceramic HGT components after evaluating their shape, placement, and fabrication methods. For these ceramic components, we are using the SN282 silicon nitride material developed and used for ceramic gas turbine components in the previous ceramic gas turbine project (300kW CGT)[2-4]. We have started to accumulate the strength evaluation data, using test bars cut from the aforementioned components, and begun long term tensile creep testing to confirm the reliability of the ceramic components.

Development and Evaluation of Ceramic Components for Gas Turbine

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takero Fukudome ◽  
Sazo Tsuruzono ◽  
Wataru Karasawa ◽  
Yoshihiro Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Nitride Material ◽  
Ceramic Components

An 8000 kW class Hybrid Gas Turbine (HGT) project, administered by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), has been ongoing since July of 1999 in Japan. Targets of this project are improvement in thermal efficiency and output power by using ceramic components, and early commercialization of the gas turbine system. The ceramic components are used for stationary parts subjected to high temperature, such as combustor liners, transition ducts, and first stage turbine nozzles. Development of the gas turbine is conducted by Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KHI), to achieve the Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) of 1250°C, thermal efficiency of 34%, NOx emission less than standard regulation values, and 4,000 h engine durability. Kyocera is in charge of the development and evaluation of the ceramic components. Recently, recession of the Si based ceramic materials under the combustion gas is the focus of attention to improve the reliability of ceramic components for gas turbine. For the HGT project, the silicon nitride material (SN282 : silicon nitride material produced by Kyocera Corporation) is used for the components subjected to high temperature. The SN282 was evaluated under the combustion gas, and clear recession was observed. Our technology of the Environmental Barrier Coating (EBC) is under development to obtain reliable heat resistive SN282 components, against the recession by combustion gas. Reliability of the SN282 with EBC has been evaluated by exposure and hydrothermal corrosion test. Ceramic components made of SN282 with EBC will be also evaluated by a proof engine test of 4,000 h, which starts in the spring of 2002.

scholarly journals Current Status of Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT302)

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotake Kobayashi ◽  
Tetsuo Tatsumi ◽  
Takashi Nakashima ◽  
Isashi Takehara ◽  
Yoshihiro Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
New Energy

In Japan, from the point of view of energy saving and environmental protection, a 300kW Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT) Research and Development program started in 1988 and is still continuing as a part of “the New Sunshine Project” promoted by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITT). The final target of the program is to achieve 42% thermal efficiency at 1350°C of turbine inlet temperature (TIT) and to keep NOx emissions below present national regulations. Under contract to the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KHI) has been developing the CGT302 with Kyocera Corporation and Sumitomo Precision Products Co., Ltd. By the end of the fiscal year 1996, the CGT302 achieved 37.0% thermal efficiency at 1280°C of TIT. In 1997, TIT reached 1350°C and a durability operation for 20 hours at 1350°C was conducted successfully. Also fairly low NOx was proved at 1300°C of TIT. In January 1998, the CGT302 has achieved 37.4% thermal efficiency at 1250°C TIT. In this paper, we will describe our approaches to the target performance of the CGT302 and current status.

scholarly journals Development of Ceramic Gas Turbine Components for the CGT301 Engine

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Hattori ◽  
Tsutomu Yamamoto ◽  
Keiichiro Watanabe ◽  
Masaaki Masuda
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Resistant Ceramic

NGK Insulators, Ltd. (NGK) has undertaken the research and development on the fabrication processes of high-heat-resistant ceramic components for the CGT301, which is a 300kW recuperative industrial ceramic gas turbine engine. This program is under the New Sunshine Project, funded by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), and has been guided by the Agency of Industrial Science & Technology (AIST) since 1988. The New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) is the main contractor. The fabrication techniques for ceramic components, such as turbine blades, turbine nozzles, combustor liners, gas-path parts, and heat exchanger elements, for the 1,200°C engine were developed by 1993. Development for the 1,350°C engine has been underway since 1994. The baseline conditions for fabricating of all ceramic components have been established. This paper reports on the development of ceramic gas turbine components, and the improved accuracies of their shapes as well as improved reliability from the results of the interim appraisal conducted in 1994.

Development of 300kW Class Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT303)

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issel Ohhashi ◽  
Sadao Arakawa
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Power Generator ◽  
Construction Machinery ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Ceramic Components

CCT303 is a two-shaft regenerative ceramic gas turbine with rotary heat exchangers for the purpose of mobile power generator. It is also widely adaptable for industrial machinery and construction machinery as well. The development program of CGT303 is funded by New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). The maximum output power of 300kW and thermal efficiency of 42% at TiT 1350C are the objectives of this development. The high TiT requires for the material of all gas passage components to use ceramics which are designed appropriately to keep sufficient strength by using sophisticated computer analysis. Hot spin tests on ceramic turbine rotors and thermal shock tests on stationary ceramic components have been carried out to prove their strength. The paper covers the design concept of CGT303 and results of analysis.

Development and Evaluation of Ceramic Components for a Gas Turbine

2006 ◽  
Vol 317-318 ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takero Fukudome ◽  
Sazo Tsuruzono ◽  
Tetsuo Tatsumi ◽  
Yoshihiro Ichikawa ◽  
Tohru Hisamatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Central Research Institute ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Exposure Test ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Ceramic Components

An 8000 kW class Hybrid Gas Turbine (HGT) project, administered by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), was completed in March 2004. The targets of this project were improvement in thermal efficiency and output power by using ceramic components, and early commercialization of the gas turbine system. The ceramic components were used for stationary parts subjected to high temperature. It became clear that silicon nitride material showed significant recession under combustion gas. Kyocera and Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry developed new EBCs to suppress this recession. These EBCs were evaluated by exposure test, heat cycle test and actual HGT engine test. One of the EBCs showed slight defects after the actual engine tests. However, all EBCs showed high corrosion resistance and good adhesion. It was confirmed that the all EBCs worked effectively.

Development and Evaluation of Ceramic Components for Small Gas Turbine Engine

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Tanaka ◽  
Makoto Yoshida ◽  
Toshifumi Kubo ◽  
Hirofumi Terazono ◽  
Sazo Tsuruzono
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Engine Test ◽  
Durability Test ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Ceramic Components

The 300kW class CGT project in Japan administered by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) under the sponsorship of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) was completed in March, 1999 after 11 years. The purposes of the project were energy conservation and environmental protection. The CGT302 group of the CGT project, in cooperation with Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KHI), achieved all of the project targets. The targets included the turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1350°C, a thermal efficiency of 42%, emissions below 70ppm, and a 1000hr engine durability test carried out at 1200°C1). To achieve such targets Kyocera has been developing various ceramic components such as large-sized stationary components, monolithic rotors and ceramic shrouds with abradable seal. These components have been successfully fabricated with SN281 and SN282. Damage was caused as a result of contact between the turbine blades and the shrouds. In order to reduce such damages, the shroud has been modified to incorporate an abradable material newly developed for this application, and an engine test has been carried out successfully with no damage. For practical use, the greatest concern is the durability of ceramic components. The ceramic components were evaluated in a 1000hr long term durability test. There were, however, some troubles for the GGT rotors and the engines were broken when the durability tests were carried out. Finally, only the combustor survived the 1000hr engine test at 1200°C. The material characteristics of the survived combustor along with other broken components were analyzed after the long-term engine tests. The test results revealed no obvious change in mechanical properties nor in blade shape. In this paper, the development of selected components is presented along with the evaluation results of components exposed to the long-term engine tests.

Current Status of 300 kW Class Industrial Ceramic Gas Turbine R&D in Japan

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuki Murayama ◽  
Kunihiro Nagata ◽  
Masanobu Taki ◽  
Hisao Ogiyama
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
New Energy

Advanced technologies in Ceramics Gas Turbine (CGT) are expected to make a great progress in energy conservation, anti-pollution, and fuel-diversification. In Japan, R&D’s in industrial usage 300 kW class CGT have been advanced under a national project entitled “New Sunshine Program”, under the subsidy of Agency of Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) through the period of FY1988–1996. In this project, three different type prototypes of the CGT are under development through New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). Over the last six years, the basic designs have been completed and the ceramic elements such as turbine rotors, scrolls, and combustors were successfully fabricated. To check up the whole progress of the project, an interim evaluation is scheduled by the end of FY1993. Toward this evaluation, each prototype has been programmed to demonstrate 1200°C of Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) and prove more than 30% of thermal efficiency. (The ultimate target in the project is 42% of thermal efficiency at 1350°C TIT.) They would also show enough environmental adaptability. In this paper, overall status of the development in the 300kW CGT project is reviewed and the items in the interim evaluation are explained.

Development of 300 kW Class Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT303)

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ohhashi ◽  
S. Arakawa
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Power Generator ◽  
Construction Machinery ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Ceramic Components

CGT303 is a two-shaft regenerative ceramic gas turbine with rotary heat exchangers for the purpose of mobile power generator. It is also widely adaptable for industrial machinery and construction machinery as well. The development program of CGT303 is funded by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). The maximum output power of 300 kW and thermal efficiency of 42 percent at TiT 1350°C are the objectives of this development. The high TiT requires all gas passage components to be made of ceramics that are designed appropriately to keep sufficient strength by using sophisticated computer analysis. Hot spin tests on ceramic turbine rotors and thermal shock tests on stationary ceramic components have been carried out to prove their strength. The paper covers the design concept of CGT303 and results of analysis.

scholarly journals Current Status of Ceramic Gas Turbine R&D in Japan

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiichiro Yamagishi ◽  
Yukio Yamada ◽  
Yoshihiro Echizenya ◽  
Shoji Ishiwata
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Engine Components

The Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) has started two nine-year national R&D projects for small-capacity ceramic gas turbines (CGTs) from 1988, following several preliminary investigations of the technical aspects and of the social impacts of CGTs. Planned 300kW industrial ceramic gas turbines are to be used for co-generation and mobile power generation. The goals are 42% and higher for the thermal efficiency at the turbine inlet temperature of 1350°C, and the emission from the exhaust gas should meet the regulatory values. Also ceramic components have the goals of 400MPa for the minimum flexure strength at 1500°C, and 15 MPam1/2 for the fracture toughness. New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) is the main contractor, and three groups of private industries are the subcontractors for 300kW industrial CGT project. Three national research institutes are involved in the projects to conduct supportive research of ceramic materials and engine components as well as to carry out assessment of the materials and engine systems developed by the private industries. The development of 100kW CGT for automotive use was also recommended in the above stated investigations and a two-year preliminary study started in 1988. The full-scale 100kW automotive CGT R&D project is scheduled to start in 1990 after the preliminary study. Japan Automobile Research Institute, Inc. (JARI) is the main contractor for 100kW automotive CGT project with the cooperation of three automobile companies.

Summary of CGT302 Ceramic Gas Turbine Research and Development Program

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isashi Takehara ◽  
Tetsuo Tatsumi ◽  
Yoshihiro Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Ceramic Components

The Japanese Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT) research and development program (FY1988–1998) as a part of the New Sunshine Project funded by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) was completed in March 1999. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KM) participated in this research program from the beginning and developed a twin-shaft CGT with a recuperator, designated as the “CGT302”. The purposes of this program were: 1) to achieve both a high efficiency and low pollutant emissions level using ceramic components, 2) to prove a multi-fuel capability to be used in co-generation systems, and 3) to demonstrate long-term operation. The targets of this program were: i) to achieve a thermal efficiency of over 42% at a turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1350°C, ii) to keep its emissions within the regulated value by the law, and iii) to demonstrate continuous operation for more than a thousand hours at 1200°C TIT. The CGT302 has successfully attained its targets. In March 1999 the CGT302 recorded 42.1% thermal efficiency, and 31.7 ppm NOx emissions (O2 = 16%) at 1350°C TIT. At this time it had also accumulated over two thousand hours operation at 1200°C. In this paper, we summarize the development of the CGT302.

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