A Framework for Control Oriented Modeling of PEM Fuel Cells

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin L. Pence ◽  
Jixin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
State Space ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Algebraic Equations ◽  
Transient Effects ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Space Modeling

This paper develops a framework for along-the-channel and through-the-membrane control oriented modeling of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. The initial modeling framework is spatially one-dimensional by one-dimensional (1+1D) and is described by unsteady partial differential equations (PDEs). Numerical techniques convert the PDEs and boundary conditions to ordinary differential and algebraic equations that are convenient for state-space modeling. The modeling framework includes two-phase, thermal, and other transient effects. The generality of the modeling framework and its ability to be represented in state-space form facilitate complexity reduction and control-oriented application.

scholarly journals State Space Modeling of Differential-Algebraic Systems Using Singularly Perturbed Sliding Manifolds

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon W. Gordon ◽  
Sheng Liu ◽  
Haruhiko H. Asada
Keyword(s):  
State Space ◽  
High Index ◽  
Singularly Perturbed ◽  
Space Representation ◽  
Algebraic Equations ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
State Space Representation ◽  
Space Modeling ◽  
Dae Systems ◽  
Sliding Manifolds

Abstract Physical systems are often most systematically modeled using a mixed set of Differential and Algebraic Equations (DAEs). However, high index DAE systems which possess identically singular algebraic constraints can present a number of problems in simulation and control. A key difficulty with these systems is that they are not expressed in an explicit state space representation. This paper describes a new modeling approach based on singularly perturbed sliding manifolds for developing state space realizations of high index DAE systems. The new method is illustrated for a model of a two phase flow heat exchanger.

scholarly journals Correlating high temperature thin film ionomer electrode binder properties to hydrogen pump polarization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokul Venugopalan ◽  
Deepra Bhattacharya ◽  
Subarna Kole ◽  
Cameron Ysidron ◽  
Polyxeni P. Angelopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Electrode Binder ◽  
Hydrogen Pump

Ionomer electrode binders are important materials for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells and electrolyzers and have a profound impact on cell performance. Herein, we report the effect of two...

scholarly journals Analytical modeling framework for performance degradation of PEM fuel cells during startup–shutdown cycles

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2216-2226
Author(s):  
Yunqi Li ◽  
Xiran Chen ◽  
Yuwei Liu ◽  
Danping Xiong ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Analytical Modeling ◽  
Catalyst Layer ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Performance Degradation ◽  
Cathode Catalyst ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Carbon Corrosion ◽  
Cathode Catalyst Layer

An analytical modeling framework coupling carbon corrosion and an agglomerate model is established to predict the performance degradation of the cathode catalyst layer (cCL) during startup–shutdown cycles.

scholarly journals Propane Fuel Cells: Selectivity for Partial or Complete Reaction

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadi Vafaeyan ◽  
Alain St-Amant ◽  
Marten Ternan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Catalyst Surface ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Platinum Group Metal ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Metal Catalyst ◽  
Boltzmann Factor ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane

The use of propane fuel in high temperature (120°C) polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells that do not require a platinum group metal catalyst is being investigated in our laboratory. Density functional theory (DFT) was used to determine propane adsorption energies, desorption energies, and transition state energies for both dehydrogenation and hydroxylation reactions on a Ni(100) anode catalyst surface. The Boltzmann factor for the hydroxylation of a propyl species to form propanol and its subsequent desorption was compared to that for the dehydrogenation of a propyl species. The large ratio of the respective Boltzmann factors indicated that the formation of a completely reacted product (carbon dioxide) is much more likely than the formation of partially reacted products (alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and carbon monoxide). That finding is evidence for the major proportion of the chemical energy of the propane fuel being converted to either electrical or thermal energy in the fuel cell rather than remaining unused when partially reacted species are formed.

Effects of Geometrical Parameters on Improving the Transversal Mass Transport in PEM Fuel Cells

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanxia Zhao ◽  
Renwei Mei ◽  
James F. Klausner
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Flow Channel ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Transversal Flow

A computational model using Lattice Boltzmann Equation (LBE) method is employed to investigate the fluid transport on the anode side of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cells, with an emphasis on mass transfer enhancement. A 3-dimensional LBE code is developed to solve the flows in the channel and the porous media in the gas diffusion layer (GDL) simultaneously. Multiple flow enhancers (obstructions in the flow channel) are placed in the channel to enhance the transversal flow across the GDL. The mass flow rate, the velocity field and the pressure distribution are analyzed. The effects of flow enhancers are assessed. The results show that the transversal flow across the GDL is enhanced by placing flow enhancers in the channel. Increasing flow enhancer size can significantly increase the transversal flow rate, with high pressure-loss through the flow channel. The results also demonstrate that the location of flow enhancers in the flow channel have a remarkable impact on the transversal flow rate. The transversal flow rate increases as the GDL porosity increases.

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