Integrating Optimal Truss Design Methodologies Into Mechanical Engineering Technology
The author has previously shown that single criterion optimization methodologies can be effectively integrated into lower-division mechanical engineering technology courses using single beam elements and a variety of load cases. In that paper, multiple methodologies of varying beam cross-section to minimize weight of the beam or to approach a constant stress state in the beam were described and their use investigated. This paper describes the application of these single criterion optimization methodologies to multiple-part assemblies, specifically engineering trusses. Although the optimization methodologies are similar, they are all far more complex in multiple-part assemblies than in single beam element optimization problem. The truss optimization theory, analysis, and testing that were utilized in the classroom and laboratory will be discussed in this paper. The correlation between optimization results from both spreadsheet solver and finite element analysis (FEA) solutions is presented. Also, the subsequent correlation between the analysis results and the experimental verification from photoelastic studies of prototype trusses is presented.