<title>Particle image velocimetry for flow analysis in mechanical artificial heart valves</title>

Background This study investigated flow analysis inside pediatric ventricle assist devices (VADs) designed and manufactured at the Foundation for Cardiac Surgery Development (FRK), Zabrze, Poland. The main goal of the experiment was to define the minimal heart rate admissible in clinical practice. Methods The flow was directed by mechanical, single-disc valves developed at the Lodz University of Technology, Institute of Turbomachinery in Lodz, Poland. VAD operation conditions under different heart rates were analyzed. Measurements were performed on Religa PED pediatric VADs (45 cm3 and 30 cm3) with a particle image velocimetry (PIV) system. Results Due to the PIV method used, the measurements were made without interference of the measuring system onto the flow structure in the investigated channel, as the measurement procedure is noninvasive. During the investigations conducted in different measurement planes, the majority of the flow volume in the chamber was observable. Conclusions The measurements at different heart rates demonstrated a significant influence of this parameter on the flow nature in the heart ventricle. Additionally, it was found that the heart rate affected the operation of heart valves in the VAD.

Download Full-text

Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry for Flow Analysis in a Single Cylinder Optical Engine

SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing ◽

10.4271/2015-01-0599 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 472-481 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Akhilendra Pratap Singh ◽

Aditya Gupta ◽

Avinash Kumar Agarwal

Keyword(s):

Particle Image Velocimetry ◽

Particle Image ◽

Flow Analysis ◽

Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry ◽

Single Cylinder ◽

Optical Engine ◽

Image Velocimetry

Download Full-text

AN ATHEROSCLEROTIC CORONARY ARTERY PHANTOM FOR PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY

Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA) ◽

10.24908/pceea.v0i0.3985 ◽

2011 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jean Brunette ◽

Rosaire Mongrain ◽

Adrian Ranga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Particle Image Velocimetry ◽

Heart Attack ◽

Computational Models ◽

Particle Image ◽

Flow Analysis ◽

Novel Technique ◽

Image Velocimetry ◽

Inflammatory Processes ◽

Injection Molded

Myocardial infarction, also known as a heart attack, is the single leading cause of death in North America. It results from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, which occurs in response to both mechanical stress and inflammatory processes. In order to validate computational models of atherosclerotic coronary arteries, a novel technique for molding realistic compliant phantom featuring injection-molded inclusions and multiple layers has been developed. This transparent phantom allows for particle image velocimetry (PIV) flow analysis and can supply experimental data to validate computational fluid dynamics algorithms and hypothesis.

Download Full-text

Fluid Dynamic Analysis of the 50 cc Penn State Artificial Heart Under Physiological Operating Conditions Using Particle Image Velocimetry

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.1798056 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 126 (5) ◽

pp. 585-593 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Pramote Hochareon ◽

Keefe B. Manning ◽

Arnold A. Fontaine ◽

John M. Tarbell ◽

Steven Deutsch

Keyword(s):

Particle Image Velocimetry ◽

Artificial Heart ◽

Particle Image ◽

Flow Fields ◽

Design Tool ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Shear Rates ◽

Heart Chamber ◽

Image Velocimetry ◽

Penn State

In order to bridge the gap of existing artificial heart technology to the diverse needs of the patient population, we have been investigating the viability of a scaled-down design of the current 70 cc Penn State artificial heart. The issues of clot formation and hemolysis may become magnified within a 50 cc chamber compared to the existing 70 cc one. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was employed to map the entire 50 cc Penn State artificial heart chamber. Flow fields constructed from PIV data indicate a rotational flow pattern that provides washout during diastole. In addition, shear rate maps were constructed for the inner walls of the heart chamber. The lateral walls of the mitral and aortic ports experience high shear rates while the upper and bottom walls undergo low shear rates, with sufficiently long exposure times to potentially induce platelet activation or thrombus formation. In this study, we have demonstrated that PIV may adequately map the flow fields accurately in a reasonable amount of time. Therefore, the potential exists of employing PIV as a design tool.

Download Full-text