The role of lexical access in spontaneous speech disfluencies

Abstract Lexical priming is known to arise from phonological similarity between prime and target, and this phenomenon is an important component of our understanding of the processes of lexical access and competition. However, the precise nature of the role of phonological similarity in lexical priming is understudied. In the present study, two experiments were conducted in which participants performed auditory lexical decision on CVC targets which were preceded by primes that either matched the target in all phonemes (CVC condition), in the first two phonemes (CV_ condition), the last two phonemes (_VC condition), the initial and last phonemes (C_C condition) or no phonemes (unrelated condition). Relative to the unrelated condition, all conditions except CV_ led to facilitation of response time to target words. The _VC and C_C conditions led to equivalent facilitation magnitude, while the CV_ condition showed neither facilitation nor inhibition. Accounting for these results requires appeal to processes of lexical competition and also to the notion that phonemes do not lend equivalent phonological similarity; that is, vowels and consonants are processed differently.

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Gesture, Speech, and Lexical Access: The Role of Lexical Movements in Speech Production

Psychological Science ◽

10.1111/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00364.x ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 226-231 ◽

Cited By ~ 231

Author(s):

Frances H. Rauscher ◽

Robert M. Krauss ◽

Yihsiu Chen

Keyword(s):

Speech Production ◽

Lexical Access

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The role of informal learning activities in improving L2 lexical access and acquisition in L1 Arabic speakers learning EFL

Language Learning Journal ◽

10.1080/09571736.2018.1520655 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (5) ◽

pp. 594-604 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ahmed Masrai ◽

James Milton

Keyword(s):

Informal Learning ◽

Lexical Access ◽

Learning Activities ◽

Arabic Speakers

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Temporal patterns of words with and without suffixes in spontaneous Hungarian

Eesti ja soome-ugri keeleteaduse ajakiri Journal of Estonian and Finno-Ugric Linguistics ◽

10.12697/jeful.2019.10.1.03 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 53-70

Author(s):

Mária Gósy ◽

Ákos Gocsál

Keyword(s):

Lexical Access ◽

Semantic Representation ◽

Temporal Patterns ◽

Spontaneous Speech ◽

Lexical Representations ◽

Temporal Properties ◽

Specific Factors

Temporal properties of words are defined by physiological, psychical, and language-specific factors. Lexical representations are assumed to be stored either in a morphologically decomposed form or in a conceptually non-decomposed form. We assumed that the duration of words with and without suffixes would refer to the route of their lexical access. Measured durations of Hungarian nouns with various lengths produced by 10 speakers in spontaneous utterances revealed significant differences, depending on the words’ morphological structures. Durations of monomorphemic nouns were shorter than those of multimorphemic nouns, irrespective of the number of syllables they contained. Our interpretation is that multimorphemic words are accessed decompositionally in spontaneous speech, meaning that stem activation of the semantic representation is followed by activation of one or more suffixes. Durational differences of monomorphemic and multimorphemic words were not stable across word lengths. The number of suffixes did not influence the words’ temporal patterns. Kokkuvõte. Mária Gósy ja Ákos Gocsál: Sufiksiga ja sufiksita sõnade ajaline struktuur spontaanses ungari keeles. Sõnade ajalised omadused sõltuvad füsioloogilistest, psühholoogilistest ja keelespetsiifilistest teguritest. Eelduste kohaselt on sõnad mentaalses leksikonis representeeritud kas morfeemideks analüüsituna või tervikmõistena. Uurimuses lähtuti eeldusest, et sufiksiga ja sufiksita sõnade kestus viitab sellele, kuidas juurdepääs neile toimub. Mõõdeti kümne kõneleja spontaansetes lausungites produtseeritud eri pikkusega ungari nimisõnade kestust. Ilmnes, et kestus sõltus oluliselt sõna morfoloogilisest ülesehitusest. Tüvisõnade kestus oli tuletiste omast lühem, sõltumata silpide arvust sõnas. Järelduseks saadi, et juurdepääs tuletistele toimub spontaanses kõnes osade kaupa: tüve semantilise representatsiooni aktiveerimisele järgneb sufiksi või sufiksite aktiveerimine. Tüvisõnade ja tuletiste kestuserinevused olid eri pikkusega sõnade puhul erinevad. Sufiksite arv sõna ajalist struktuuri ei mõjutanud. Märksõnad: kestus, nimisõnad, tüvisõnad ja tuletised, leksikaalne juurdepääs, spontaansed lausungid

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Rhyme Priming in Aphasia: The Role of Phonology in Lexical Access

Brain and Language ◽

10.1006/brln.1994.1062 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 661-683 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

J.K. Gordon ◽

S.R. Baum

Keyword(s):

Lexical Access

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Studying variation in Romanian: deletion of the definite article -l in continuous speech

Linguistics Vanguard ◽

10.1515/lingvan-2017-0046 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ioana Vasilescu ◽

Ioana Chitoran ◽

Bianca Vieru ◽

Martine Adda-Decker ◽

Maria Candea ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spontaneous Speech ◽

Definite Article ◽

Data Sets ◽

Main Question ◽

Broadcast News ◽

Continuous Speech ◽

Linguistic Behavior ◽

Speaking Style

AbstractStudies of variation in continuous speech converge towards the conclusion that in everyday speech, words are often produced with reduced variants: some segments are shortened or completely absent. We describe an initiative to automatically exploit spoken corpora, in order to better understand linguistic behavior in spontaneous speech. This study focuses on the reduction of the postposed definite article in Romanian. The Romanian corpora used here cover several speaking styles including both prepared and spontaneous speech, such as broadcast news and debates, elicited dialogues and monologues on suggested topics. Taken together, the data sets contain more than 10 hours of speech produced in a variety of communicative frameworks. The deletion of the definite article -l, i.e. L-dropping in continuous speech, is investigated across speaking styles using pronunciation variants aligned with the speech. The main question addressed in the study is the influence of speaking style on the distribution of L-dropping. We examine the role of the surrounding context in L-dropping and L-retention. The results show that, in prepared speech and broadcast news, deletion is triggered by the context as a consequence of the communicative framework and the nature of the following segment (following vowel-initial words favor L-retention, while consonant-initial words favor L-dropping). In spontaneous speech, L-dropping is more frequent and the context is less important in predicting the occurrence of reduced variants than in other speaking styles.

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Determinants of lexical access in speech production: Role of word frequency and age of acquisition

Memory & Cognition ◽

10.3758/bf03193247 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 999-1010 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Fernando Cuetos ◽

Bernardo Alvarez ◽

María González-Nosti ◽

Alain Méot ◽

Patrick Bonin

Keyword(s):

Speech Production ◽

Word Frequency ◽

Lexical Access ◽

Age Of Acquisition

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The use and nature of grapheme coding during sub-lexical processing and lexical access

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology ◽

10.1080/17470218.2017.1318294 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 71 (6) ◽

pp. 1324-1339 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eva Commissaire ◽

Séverine Casalis

Keyword(s):

Lexical Access ◽

Lexical Processing ◽

Stimulus Onset ◽

Detection Task ◽

Single Letter ◽

Decision Task ◽

Letter Detection ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Lexical Route

This work aimed to investigate grapheme coding during sub-lexical processing and lexical access. Using the letter detection task in Experiment 1, we compared letter pairs that could be considered as a grapheme unit or not depending on context (referred to as weakly cohesive complex, e.g., an in chant vs cane) to real two-letter graphemes (highly cohesive complex, e.g., au in chaud) and single-letter graphemes (simple, e.g., a in place). Three experimental conditions were used, one of which was designed to prevent phonological influences. Data revealed that only highly cohesive complex graphemes were processed as units, not the weakly cohesive ones. The same pattern was found across experimental conditions in favor of an orthographic mechanism. In Experiments 2 and 3, a primed lexical decision task was used with two stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) and two different ranges of lexical frequency. We manipulated the number of graphemes removed from partial primes ( d**che vs do**he-DOUCHE) and relatedness. In contrast to Experiment 1, no evidence was provided in favor of a role of graphemes during lexical access. We suggest that graphemes can be conceived as sub-lexical orthographic units per se but can only be captured within a sub-lexical route to reading.

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