Role of rhythmic and intonational cues in language discrimination.

2009 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 2764-2764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Vicenik ◽  
Megha Sundara
Keyword(s):  
Language Discrimination

scholarly journals Quantifying the role of rhythm in infants' language discrimination abilities: A meta-analysis

Cognition ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 104757
Author(s):  
Loretta Gasparini ◽  
Alan Langus ◽  
Sho Tsuji ◽  
Natalie Boll-Avetisyan
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Language Discrimination

scholarly journals Bilingual beginnings to learning words

2009 ◽  
Vol 364 (1536) ◽  
pp. 3649-3663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet F. Werker ◽  
Krista Byers-Heinlein ◽  
Christopher T. Fennell
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Word Learning ◽  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Learning Mechanisms ◽  
Language Discrimination ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood

At the macrostructure level of language milestones, language acquisition follows a nearly identical course whether children grow up with one or with two languages. However, at the microstructure level, experimental research is revealing that the same proclivities and learning mechanisms that support language acquisition unfold somewhat differently in bilingual versus monolingual environments. This paper synthesizes recent findings in the area of early bilingualism by focusing on the question of how bilingual infants come to apply their phonetic sensitivities to word learning, as they must to learn minimal pair words (e.g. ‘cat’ and ‘mat’). To this end, the paper reviews antecedent achievements by bilinguals throughout infancy and early childhood in the following areas: language discrimination and separation, speech perception, phonetic and phonotactic development, word recognition, word learning and aspects of conceptual development that underlie word learning. Special consideration is given to the role of language dominance, and to the unique challenges to language acquisition posed by a bilingual environment.

Language discrimination by newborns: Toward an understanding of the role of rhythm.

1998 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 756-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Nazzi ◽  
Josiane Bertoncini ◽  
Jacques Mehler
Keyword(s):  
Language Discrimination

scholarly journals The role of rhythm class, speaking rate, and F0 in language discrimination

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalia Arvaniti ◽  
Tara Rodriquez
Keyword(s):  
Speaking Rate ◽  
Language Discrimination

AbstractThe division of languages into stress-, syllable-, and mora-timing is said to be supported by experiments showing that languages are discriminated only if they belong to different rhythm classes, a distinction said to be reflected in the duration and variability of consonantal and vocalic intervals (timing). The role of rhythm classes in discrimination is tested here along with the alternative that discrimination is due to speaking rate and

The role of speech rhythm in language discrimination: further tests with a non-human primate

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Tincoff ◽  
Marc Hauser ◽  
Fritz Tsao ◽  
Geertrui Spaepen ◽  
Franck Ramus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Rhythm ◽  
Language Discrimination ◽  
Human Primate

scholarly journals Quantifying the role of rhythm in infants’ language discrimination abilities: A meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loretta Gasparini ◽  
Alan Langus ◽  
Sho Tsuji ◽  
Natalie Boll-Avetisyan
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
First Year ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Language Discrimination ◽  
Language Varieties ◽  
Acoustic Correlates ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Analytic Models

More than 30 years have passed since Mehler and colleagues (1988) discovered that newborns can discriminate between languages that belong to different rhythm classes: stress-, syllable- or mora-timed. Thereupon they developed the hypothesis that babies are sensitive to differences in vowel and consonant interval durations as acoustic correlates of rhythm classes. It remains unknown exactly which durational computations infants use when perceiving speech for the purposes of distinguishing languages. Here, a meta-analysis of studies on babies’ language discrimination skills over the first year of life was conducted, aiming to quantify how language discrimination skills change with age and are modulated by rhythm classes or durational metrics. A systematic literature search identified 42 studies that tested infants’ (birth to 12 months) discrimination or preference of two language varieties, by presenting babies with auditory or audio-visual continuous speech. Quantitative data synthesis was conducted using multivariate random effects meta-analytic models with the factors rhythm class difference, age, stimulus manipulation, method, and metrics operationalising proportions of and variability in vowel and consonant interval durations, to explore which factors best account for language discrimination or preference. Results revealed that smaller differences in vowel interval variability (△V) and larger differences in successive consonantal interval variability (rPVI-C) were associated with more successful language discrimination, and better accounted for discrimination results than the factor rhythm class. There were no effects of age for discrimination, but results on preference studies were affected by age: the older babies get, the more they prefer foreign languages that are rhythmically similar to their native language, but not foreign languages that are rhythmically distinct. These findings can inform theories on language discrimination that have previously focussed on rhythm class, by providing a novel way to operationalise rhythm in language in the extent to which it accounts for infants’ language discrimination abilities.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management

The power of norms to sway fused group members

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Normative Systems ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

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