The role of F0 and phonation cues in Cantonese low tone perception

To assess the roles of cyclooxygenase inhibition and hyperoxia in regulating pulmonary perfusion, we studied 13 dogs with diffuse granulomatous lung disease (DGLD) and 13 normal dogs. Baseline observations were obtained at fractional inspired O2 (FIO2) 0.21 and 1.0 and repeated after infusion of meclofenamate (Mec; n = 8) or saline (n = 5). Resistance to flow was evaluated from the pulmonary end-diastolic gradient (PDG) and by ohmic pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Distribution of blood flow was evaluated with sulfur hexafluoride in DGLD and with multiple inert gas alveolar ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) plots in normal dogs. Before infusion, there were no differences between the saline and Mec groups at either FIO2. Saline induced no significant changes at either FIO2. After Mec in DGLD, PDG at FIO2 0.21 rose from 4 +/- 2 to 6 +/- 4 mmHg (P < 0.04), PVR increased from 297 +/- 98 to 484 +/- 181 dyn.s.cm-5.m-2 (P < 0.01), whereas shunt flow (Qs/Qt) fell form 13.6 +/- 12.0 to 6.2 +/- 5.3% (P < 0.03). At FIO2 1.0 PDG rose from 3 +/- 2 to 4 +/- 3 mmHg (P < 0.02), PVR increased from 262 +/- 78 to 374 +/- 139 dyn.s.cm-5.m-2 (P < 0.01), whereas Qs/Qt fell from 14.5 +/- 13.3 to 6.4 +/- 5.2% (P < 0.02). After Mec in normal dogs, PDG at FIO2 0.21 rose from 3 +/- 1 to 4 +/- 1 mmHg (P < 0.015) and PVR increased from 256 +/- 92 to 340 +/- 101 dyn.s.cm-5.m-2 (P < 0.05); at FIO2 1.0 PDG and PVR were unchanged from preinfusion levels. In normal dogs, no parameters of VA/Q changed significantly with hyperoxia or Mec. These data suggest that perivascular inflammation enhances perfusion in DGLD by elaboration of vasodilator prostaglandins (PG). By inhibiting PG synthesis, Mec selectively increases resistance in diseased lung at FIO2 0.21 and lowers Qs/Qt. In contrast, there was vasoconstriction without flow redistribution in normal dogs, suggesting that vasodilator PGs contribute to the low tone in the normal pulmonary bed. The vasodilation without flow redistribution in both models during hyperoxia after Mec suggests an effect of O2 that is related neither to PG synthesis nor to hypoxic vasoconstriction.

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The role of time in phonetic spaces: Temporal resolution in Cantonese tone perception

Journal of Phonetics ◽

10.1016/j.wocn.2017.06.004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 65 ◽

pp. 126-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kristine M. Yu

Keyword(s):

Temporal Resolution ◽

Tone Perception

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The Role of Temporal Envelope and Fine Structure in Mandarin Lexical Tone Perception in Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0129710 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. e0129710 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Shuo Wang ◽

Ruijuan Dong ◽

Dongxin Liu ◽

Yuan Wang ◽

Bo Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fine Structure ◽

Auditory Neuropathy ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Lexical Tone ◽

Temporal Envelope ◽

Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder ◽

Tone Perception

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An acoustic study of Iu-Mien tones with a special focus on the role of laryngealization in low tone differentiation

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America ◽

10.1121/1.5137443 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 146 (4) ◽

pp. 3013-3013

Author(s):

Ela Thurgood

Keyword(s):

Special Focus ◽

Acoustic Study ◽

Low Tone

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The Limits of Perception in the Tonal Orthographies of three-tone Systems

Linguistik Online ◽

10.13092/lo.84.3844 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 84 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Kolawole Adeniyi

Keyword(s):

Tone Perception ◽

Tone Languages ◽

Lexical Items ◽

Low Tone

This article discusses the representation of downstep in the tonal orthographies of some three-tone languages of West Benue-Congo, in the light of the phonological properties of tone in the languages. Ebira has total downstep, which makes both downstepped high and down-stepped mid to be perceived at a level close to outright low tone, and written so; downstepped high in Igala is realised around the level of the mid tone and is often written as mid in the or-thography. In Gwari, the docking of floating high tonal morpheme and contour simplification interact with downstep in such a way that downstepped high tones are frequently written as mid. It is shown that these situations arise because surface tone perception is taken as the sole parameter for tone categorisation, ignoring the underlying tones of lexical items in the lan-guages as well as the number of tones and possible terracing-triggered intersections between the tones. It is argued that the orthographies of the languages will be far more accurate if these obvious facts of downstep are incorporated.

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The role of talker variability in the perceptual learning of Mandarin tones by American English listeners

Journal of Second Language Pronunciation ◽

10.1075/jslp.19010.sil ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alif Silpachai

Keyword(s):

Perceptual Learning ◽

American English ◽

High Variability ◽

Talker Variability ◽

Training Paradigm ◽

Tone Perception ◽

English Speaking ◽

Mandarin Tones ◽

Better Than

Abstract Research on segmentals has suggested that a key component of High Variability Phonetic Training (HVPT) is high talker variability. However, the extent to which high talker variability improves perception of tones is unclear. This study examined the effects of high talker variability on the perception of Mandarin tones (Tones 1–4) by English-speaking listeners. A training paradigm that used multiple talkers (multitalker group) was compared with a paradigm that used one talker (single-talker group). The results showed that the multitalker group outperformed the single-talker group, and they retained their learning better than the single-talker group did for 6 months. Neither group, however, improved their perception of Tone 1 or generalized their learning of monosyllables to disyllables. The results suggest that although high talker variability can effectively improve tone perception, it does not improve the perception of more tone categories or yield generalization of learning to more contexts compared to low talker variability.

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Combination of absolute pitch and tone language experience enhances lexical tone perception

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80260-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Akshay R. Maggu ◽

Joseph C. Y. Lau ◽

Mary M. Y. Waye ◽

Patrick C. M. Wong

Keyword(s):

Categorical Perception ◽

Absolute Pitch ◽

Common Mechanism ◽

Lexical Tone ◽

Language Experience ◽

Tone Language ◽

Frequency Following Response ◽

Tone Perception ◽

Response Measures

AbstractAbsolute pitch (AP), a unique ability to name or produce pitch without any reference, is known to be influenced by genetic and cultural factors. AP and tone language experience are both known to promote lexical tone perception. However, the effects of the combination of AP and tone language experience on lexical tone perception are currently not known. In the current study, using behavioral (Categorical Perception) and electrophysiological (Frequency Following Response) measures, we investigated the effect of the combination of AP and tone language experience on lexical tone perception. We found that the Cantonese speakers with AP outperformed the Cantonese speakers without AP on Categorical Perception and Frequency Following Responses of lexical tones, suggesting an additive effect due to the combination of AP and tone language experience. These findings suggest a role of basic sensory pre-attentive auditory processes towards pitch encoding in AP. Further, these findings imply a common mechanism underlying pitch encoding in AP and tone language perception.

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