Resistance Training and Energy Balance

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric T. Poehlman ◽  
Christopher Melby
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Daily Energy

In this brief review we examine the effects of resistance training on energy expenditure. The components of daily energy expenditure are described, and methods of measuring daily energy expenditure are discussed. Cross-sectional and exercise intervention studies are examined with respect to their effects on resting metabolic rate, physical activity energy expenditure, postexercise oxygen consumption, and substrate oxidation in younger and older individuals. Evidence is presented to suggest that although resistance training may elevate resting metabolic rate, il does not substantially enhance daily energy expenditure in free-living individuals. Several studies indicate that intense resistance exercise increases postexercise oxygen consumption and shifts substrate oxidation toward a greater reliance on fat oxidation. Preliminary evidence suggests that although resistance training increases muscular strength and endurance, its effects on energy balance and regulation of body weight appear to be primarily mediated by its effects on body composition (e.g., increasing fat-free mass) rather than by the direct energy costs of the resistance exercise.

scholarly journals Context-dependent correlation between resting metabolic rate and daily energy expenditure in wild chipmunks

2012 ◽  
Vol 216 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Careau ◽  
D. Reale ◽  
D. Garant ◽  
F. Pelletier ◽  
J. R. Speakman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Dependent Correlation

scholarly journals Effects of different types of training on weight loss

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 272-279
Author(s):  
Danijel Slavic ◽  
Dea Karaba-Jakovljevic ◽  
Andrea Zubnar ◽  
Borislav Tapavicki ◽  
Tijana Aleksandric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Different Types

Introduction. The difference between 24-hour daily energy intake and total daily energy expenditure determines whether we lose or gain weight. The resting metabolic rate is the major component of daily energy expenditure, which depends on many different factors, but also on the level of physical activity. The aim of the study was to determine anthropometric and metabolic parameters of athletes engaged in different types of training, to compare obtained results and to examine whether there are statistically significant differences among them. Material and Methods. The study included a total of 42 young male athletes divided into two groups. The first group included 21 athletes who were predominantly engaged in aerobic type of training, and the other group of 21 athletes in anaerobic type of training. Anthropometric measurements were taken and resting metabolic rate was assessed using the indirect calorimetry method. The results were statistically analyzed and the differences in parameters between the two groups were compared. Results. Statistically significant differences were established in total body mass, amount of fat-free mass and muscle mass, body mass index, as well as in the relative metabolic indices between two groups of subjects. Conclusion. The percentage of fat-free body mass has the greatest impact on the resting metabolic rate. The rate of metabolic activity of this body compartment is higher in athletes engaged in aerobic than in athletes engaged in anaerobic type of training.

Energy balance in endurance-trained female cyclists and untrained controls

1994 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 1937-1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Horton ◽  
H. J. Drougas ◽  
T. A. Sharp ◽  
L. R. Martinez ◽  
G. W. Reed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Usual Condition ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Total Daily Energy Expenditure

Reports of low energy intakes in trained female athletes imply they have an increased energetic efficiency. To address this question, we determined how energy balance was achieved in endurance-trained females cyclists and lean controls (n=5 in each group). Daily energy expenditure was measured by using standardized physical activity protocols in a whole room calorimeter on two separate occasions: a cycling day and a noncycling day. Energy intake for weight maintenance was determined by a period of controlled feeding 5 days before and the day of each energy expenditure measurement. Energy balance was achieved in the cyclists on the cycling day while they consumed 2,900–3,000 kcal (their usual condition) and in controls on the noncycling day while they consumed 2,100–2,200 kcal (their usual condition). Total daily energy expenditure was not significantly different between the cyclists and controls on the noncycling day with both groups performing similar levels of activity. On the cycling day, daily energy expenditure was significantly greater in the cyclists vs. controls (P<0.03) as a result of their greater amount of cycling activity. Components of daily energy expenditure, i.e., resting metabolic rate and thermic effect of food and activity (noncycling), were not significantly different between groups. Overall, we found no significant increase in the energetic efficiency of endurance-trained female cyclists compared with controls.

Resting metabolic rate and activity: key components of seasonal variation in daily energy expenditure for the northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 635-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J.M. Dalton ◽  
D.A.S. Rosen ◽  
A.W. Trites
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Callorhinus Ursinus ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Migratory Activity ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Inadequate Nutrition

Seasonal changes in daily energy expenditure (DEE) and its key underlying components (costs of resting metabolic rate (RMR), thermoregulation, activity, and growth) were measured to determine seasonal energy requirements, bioenergetic priorities, and potential times of year when unpredicted episodes of nutritional stress would have their greatest effect on female northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus (L., 1758)). The mean (±SD) DEE of six captive juvenile female fur seals was 527.8 ± 65.7 kJ·kg−1·d−1 and fluctuated seasonally (lower during summer and winter, and up to 20% greater in spring and fall). RMR also changed significantly with season and was higher in the fall (potentially due to moulting or anticipated migratory activity). However, changes in RMR did not follow the same seasonal trend as those of DEE. The largest component of DEE was RMR (∼80%, on average), followed by the cost of activity (which may have driven some of the seasonal variations in DEE). In contrast, the energetic costs associated with growth and thermoregulation appeared negligible within the scope of overall energy expenditures. Elevated innate costs of RMR and higher growth rates in the fall and summer, respectively, suggest that inadequate nutrition could comparatively have greater negative effects on female fur seals during these seasons.

scholarly journals Resting Metabolic Rate, Total Daily Energy Expenditure, and Metabolic Adaptation 6 Months and 24 Months After Bariatric Surgery

Obesity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 862-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce M. Wolfe ◽  
Dale A. Schoeller ◽  
Shelly K. McCrady-Spitzer ◽  
Diana M. Thomas ◽  
Chad E. Sorenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Total Daily Energy Expenditure

The Effect of Exercise Training on Total Daily Energy Expenditure and Body Composition in Weight-Stable Adults: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-463
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Hand ◽  
Robin P. Shook ◽  
Daniel P. O’Connor ◽  
Madison M. Kindred ◽  
Sarah Schumacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Stores ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Total Daily Energy Expenditure

Background: The present study examined, among weight-stable overweight or obese adults, the effect of increasing doses of exercise energy expenditure (EEex) on changes in total daily energy expenditure (TDEE), total body energy stores, and body composition. Methods: Healthy, sedentary overweight/obese young adults were randomized to one of 3 groups for a period of 26 weeks: moderate-exercise (EEex goal of 17.5 kcal/kg/wk), high-exercise (EEex goal of 35 kcal/kg/wk), or observation group. Individuals maintained body weight within 3% of baseline. Pre/postphysical activity between-group measurements included body composition, calculated energy intake, TDEE, energy stores, and resting metabolic rate. Results: Sixty weight-stable individuals completed the protocols. Exercise groups increased EEex in a stepwise manner compared with the observation group (P < .001). There was no group effect on changes in TDEE, energy intake, fat-free mass, or resting metabolic rate. Fat mass and energy stores decreased among the females in the high-exercise group (P = .007). Conclusions: The increase in EEex did not result in an equivalent increase in TDEE. There was a sex difference in the relationship among energy balance components. These results suggest a weight-independent compensatory response to exercise training with potentially a sex-specific adjustment in body composition.

scholarly journals Thyroid hormones correlate with resting metabolic rate, not daily energy expenditure, in two charadriiform seabirds

Biology Open ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 580-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Elliott ◽  
J. Welcker ◽  
A. J. Gaston ◽  
S. A. Hatch ◽  
V. Palace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Daily Energy
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