The Effects of Blood Flow Restriction on Muscle Activation and Hypoxia in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 633-639
Author(s):  
Brian Killinger ◽  
Jakob D. Lauver ◽  
Luke Donovan ◽  
John Goetschius
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Muscle Oxygen ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Acute Responses ◽  
Muscle Adaptations ◽  
Resistance Exercises

Context: Muscle dysfunction is common in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Blood flow restriction (BFR) may enhance muscle responses during exercise and provide an opportunity to enhance muscle adaptations to ankle rehabilitation exercises; however, there is no evidence examining the effect of BFR on muscle function in CAI patients. Objective: Examine the effects of BFR on muscle activation and oxygen saturation during submaximal ankle eversion and dorsiflexion exercises in individuals with CAI. Design: Cross-over study design. Setting: Laboratory setting. Patients (or Other Participants): Nineteen young adults with a history of CAI. Interventions: Participants performed 4 sets (30, 15, 15, and 15) of eversion and dorsiflexion resistance exercises at 30% of maximum voluntary isometric contraction during 2 conditions, BFR and control. For BFR, a cuff was applied above the knee at 80% of blood flow occlusion. For control, the cuff was not inflated. Main Outcome Measures: Fibularis longus and tibialis anterior electromyography muscle activation, lower-leg muscle oxygen saturation, and ratings of perceived exertion were recorded during exercises. Results: Average grand mean muscle activation was 5.6% greater during eversion (P = .03) and 7.7% greater during dorsiflexion (P = .01) resistance exercises with BFR compared with control; however, the magnitudes of the effects of BFR were only clinically important during the dorsiflexion exercises. Lower-leg muscle oxygen saturation was 31% to 44% lower (P < .001) during BFR exercises. Ratings of perceived exertion were significantly higher during BFR exercises (P < .001). Conclusions: Greater muscle activation and hypoxia were present during submaximal resistance exercise with BFR in participants with CAI. Greater muscle activation and hypoxia during BFR exercises may be important acute responses mediating the training-related muscle adaptations that have been observed with BFR. The presence of these acute responses in CAI patients supports further research examining BFR as a potential ankle rehabilitation tool.

Acute Responses to On-Court Repeated-Sprint Training Performed With Blood Flow Restriction Versus Systemic Hypoxia in Elite Badminton Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1280-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro L. Valenzuela ◽  
Guillermo Sánchez-Martínez ◽  
Elaia Torrontegi ◽  
Javier Vázquez-Carrión ◽  
Manuela González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Sprint Training ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Systemic Hypoxia ◽  
Acute Responses

Purpose: Repeated-sprint training (RS) is commonly conducted in normoxia, but its completion with localized (blood-flow restriction [BFR]) or systemic hypoxia has been proven effective for performance enhancement. Yet, few studies have applied these types of RS sessions in racket sports. The authors aimed to determine the acute responses to these types of training in elite badminton players. Methods: Eight male elite badminton players participated in this randomized crossover study. They performed 3 on-court RS sessions, each consisting of 3 sets of 10 repetitions of 10-s badminton-specific movements in normoxia (RSN), systemic normobaric hypoxia (RSH, FiO2 = 14%), or with BFR (RS-BFR, 40% arterial occlusion pressure). Performance, perceptual (ie, rating of perceived exertion), and physiological (ie, pulse saturation, muscle oxygenation, blood lactate, creatine kinase, heart-rate variability) responses were measured after each set and up to 48 h postsession. Results: RS-BFR induced a greater performance impairment (lower distance and accelerations) and a higher local perceived exertion in the legs than RSN and RSH (P < .05), whereas greater overall fatigue was reported with RSH (P < .05). RSH induced a lower saturation (P < .001), but no differences were observed in muscle oxygenation between conditions. No differences in creatine kinase or heart-rate variability were observed at any time point (from baseline up to 48 h after the session). Conclusions: RS-BFR—and, to a lower extent, RSH—resulted in impaired performance and a higher perceived strain than RSN. However, these 2 hypoxic methods do not seem to induce a long-lasting (post 24–48 h) physiological stress in elite badminton players.

Effects of Blood Flow Restriction on Muscle Activation During Dynamic Balance Exercises in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Michael Burkhardt ◽  
Erin Burkholder ◽  
John Goetschius
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Postural Instability ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Balance Exercises

Context: Dynamic balance exercises are commonly utilized during ankle sprain and chronic ankle instability (CAI) rehabilitation. Blood flow restriction (BFR) has been used to enhance muscle activity during exercise and improve outcomes of traditional rehabilitation exercises in clinical populations. Objective: Examine the effects of BFR on lower-extremity muscle activation during dynamic balance exercises in individuals with CAI. Design: Crossover study design. Setting: Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty-five (N = 25) young adults with a history of CAI. Interventions: Participants performed dynamic balance reaching exercises during 2 randomized order conditions, BFR, and control. For each condition, participants performed 2 trials of balance exercises. Each trial included 4 sets (30 × 15 × 15 × 15) of reaches in anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions. For the BFR condition, the authors placed a cuff around the proximal thigh at 80% of arterial occlusion pressure. For the control condition, no cuff was worn. Main Outcome Measure(s): The authors recorded normalized electromyography muscle activation of the vastus lateralis, soleus, tibialis anterior, and fibularis longus during balance exercise trials and recorded participants’ ratings of perceived postural instability and exertion after each trial of balance exercises. Results: The authors observed greater vastus lateralis (P < .001, d = 0.86 [0.28 to 1.44]) and soleus (P = .03, d = 0.32 [−0.24 to 0.87]) muscle activation during balance exercises with BFR than control. The authors observed no differences in tibialis anterior (P = .33, d = 0.09 [−0.46 to 0.65]) or fibularis longus (P = .13, d = 0.06 [−0.50 to 0.61]) muscle activation between the conditions. The authors observed greater ratings of perceived postural instability (P = .004) and exertion (P < .001) during balance exercises with BFR than control. Conclusions: Individuals with CAI demonstrated large increases in vastus lateralis and small increases in soleus muscle activation during dynamic balance exercises with BFR. The BFR had no effect on fibularis longus and tibialis anterior muscle activation. Individuals with CAI perceived greater postural instability and exertion during dynamic balance exercises with BFR.

Acute resistance exercise with blood flow restriction effects on heart rate, double product, oxygen saturation and perceived exertion

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel R. Neto ◽  
Maria S. C. Sousa ◽  
Gabriel V. Costa e Silva ◽  
Ana L. S. Gil ◽  
Belmiro F. Salles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Double Product ◽  
Flow Restriction

Can blood flow restriction augment muscle activation during high-load training?

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott J. Dankel ◽  
Samuel L. Buckner ◽  
Matthew B. Jessee ◽  
Kevin T. Mattocks ◽  
J. Grant Mouser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
High Load ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Flow Restriction

scholarly journals Muscle Adaptations to High-Load Training and Very Low-Load Training With and Without Blood Flow Restriction

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. Jessee ◽  
Samuel L. Buckner ◽  
J. Grant Mouser ◽  
Kevin T. Mattocks ◽  
Scott J. Dankel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
High Load ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Muscle Adaptations ◽  
Low Load

scholarly journals Low-load resistance training to task failure with and without blood flow restriction: muscular functional and structural adaptations

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (2) ◽  
pp. R284-R295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Pignanelli ◽  
Heather L. Petrick ◽  
Fatemeh Keyvani ◽  
George J. F. Heigenhauser ◽  
Joe Quadrilatero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Muscle Endurance ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Muscle Adaptations ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Adaptations

The application of blood flow restriction (BFR) during resistance exercise is increasingly recognized for its ability to improve rehabilitation and for its effectiveness in increasing muscle hypertrophy and strength among healthy populations. However, direct comparison of the skeletal muscle adaptations to low-load resistance exercise (LL-RE) and low-load BFR resistance exercise (LL-BFR) performed to task failure is lacking. Using a within-subject design, we examined whole muscle group and skeletal muscle adaptations to 6 wk of LL-RE and LL-BFR training to repetition failure. Muscle strength and size outcomes were similar for both types of training, despite ~33% lower total exercise volume (load × repetition) with LL-BFR than LL-RE (28,544 ± 1,771 vs. 18,949 ± 1,541 kg, P = 0.004). After training, only LL-BFR improved the average power output throughout the midportion of a voluntary muscle endurance task. Specifically, LL-BFR training sustained an 18% greater power output from baseline and resulted in a greater change from baseline than LL-RE (19 ± 3 vs. 3 ± 4 W, P = 0.008). This improvement occurred despite histological analysis revealing similar increases in capillary content of type I muscle fibers following LL-RE and LL-BFR training, which was primarily driven by increased capillary contacts (4.53 ± 0.23 before training vs. 5.33 ± 0.27 and 5.17 ± 0.25 after LL-RE and LL-BFR, respectively, both P < 0.05). Moreover, maximally supported mitochondrial respiratory capacity increased only in the LL-RE leg by 30% from baseline ( P = 0.006). Overall, low-load resistance training increased indexes of muscle oxidative capacity and strength, which were not further augmented with the application of BFR. However, performance on a muscle endurance test was improved following BFR training.

The Effect of Cuff Width on Muscle Adaptations after Blood Flow Restriction Training

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 920-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
GILBERTO CANDIDO LAURENTINO ◽  
JEREMY PAUL LOENNEKE ◽  
EMERSON LUIZ TEIXEIRA ◽  
ELIZA NAKAJIMA ◽  
WAGNER IARED ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Muscle Adaptations ◽  
Cuff Width
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