scholarly journals Asymmetric mating behavior of isogamous budding yeast

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (24) ◽  
pp. eabf8404
Author(s):  
Alexander Anders ◽  
Remy Colin ◽  
Alvaro Banderas ◽  
Victor Sourjik
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Large Female ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Small Male ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Behavioral Differences ◽  
Enhance Efficiency ◽  
Molecular Asymmetries

Anisogamy, the size difference between small male and large female gametes, is known to enable selection for sexual dimorphism and behavioral differences between sexes. Nevertheless, even isogamous species exhibit molecular asymmetries between mating types, which are known to ensure their self-incompatibility. Here, we show that different properties of the pheromones secreted by the MATa and MATα mating types of budding yeast lead to asymmetry in their behavioral responses during mating in mixed haploid populations, which resemble behavioral asymmetries between gametes in anisogamous organisms. MATa behaves as a random searcher that is stimulated in proportion to the fraction of MATα partner cells within the population, whereas MATα behaves as a short-range directional distance sensor. Mathematical modeling suggests that the observed asymmetric responses can enhance efficiency of mating and might thus provide a selective advantage. Our results demonstrate that the emergence of asymmetric mating behavior did not require anisogamy-based sexual selection.

scholarly journals Mobile DNAs and switching mating types in yeast

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura N Rusche
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Mating Types

The gene that allows budding yeast cells to switch their mating type evolved from a newly discovered family of genes named weird HO.

A tradeoff between mate-quality recognition and species recognition in male Bufo gargarizans that co-occur with Rana catesbeiana

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Lei Yu ◽  
Michael Busam ◽  
David A. Pike
Keyword(s):  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Species Recognition ◽  
Fertilization Success ◽  
Large Female ◽  
Small Male ◽  
Equal Frequency ◽  
Small Female ◽  
Mate Quality ◽  
Bufo Gargarizans ◽  
Simultaneous Choice

Typically, anuran amphibians favor larger females as mates because larger females lay more eggs; thus, males in amplexus can increase the number of eggs fertilized, and fitness. However, males may also prefer those females that were closest to the norm for their population in overlapping populations, and these individuals do not receive the benefits of enhanced fertilization success. In this study, we test how male Bufo gargarizans choose mates in the presence and absence of an invasive species, bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana). When given a simultaneous choice between a small male and a large female toad, males discriminated between the sexes and attempted to clasp a large female. However, when one male toad was presented with a large female bullfrog and a small female toad, the males chose both with equal frequency. Therefore, male B. gargarizans appears to trade-off between species and mate-quality recognition, such that those toads co-occurring with heterospecifics do not blindly prefer mate-quality to ensure conspecific matings.

Partial migration and spawning movements of humpback chub in the Little Colorado River are better understood using data from autonomous PIT tag antennas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria C. Dzul ◽  
William Louis Kendall ◽  
Charles B. Yackulic ◽  
Dana L Winkelman ◽  
David Randall Van Haverbeke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Large Female ◽  
Small Male ◽  
Small Female ◽  
Pit Tag ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Humpback Chub ◽  
Survival And Growth

Choosing whether or not to migrate is an important life history decision for many fishes. Here we combine data from physical captures and detections on autonomous passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag antennas to study migration in an endangered fish, the humpback chub (Gila cypha). We develop hidden Markov mark-recapture models with and without antenna detections and find that the model fit without antenna detections misses a large proportion of fish and underestimates migration and survival probabilities. We then assess survival and growth differences associated with life history strategy and migration for different demographic groups (small male, small female, large male, large female). We find large differences in survival according to life history strategy, where residents had much lower over-winter survival than migrants. However, within the migratory life history strategy, survival and growth were similar for active migrants and skipped migrants for all demographic groups. We discuss some common challenges to incorporating detections from autonomous antennas into population models and demonstrate how these data can provide insight about fish movement and life history strategies.

'Mrs Ples' from Sterkfontein: Small Male or Large Female?

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (172) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Francis Thackeray
Keyword(s):  
Large Female ◽  
Small Male

Paramecium bursaria: Mating Types and Groups, Mating Behavior, Self-Sterility; their Development and Inheritance

1939 ◽  
Vol 73 (748) ◽  
pp. 414-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Paramecium Bursaria ◽  
Mating Types

First record of stenogastric Corotoca Schiødte (Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae, Corotocini) with notes on behavior, morphology and its phylogenetic significance

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4691 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
CARLOS MORENO PIRES-SILVA ◽  
BRUNO ZILBERMAN ◽  
IGOR ELOI ◽  
MARIA AVANY BEZERRA-GUSMÃO
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
First Record ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Phylogenetic Significance ◽  
Behavioral Differences ◽  
Rove Beetles ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Physogastric rove beetles are usually studied in an aspect of the physogastry concept, which is defined as the enlargement of membranous parts of abdomen. This feature along with lack of the secondary sclerotization is used to differentiate physogastric from stenogastric individuals. Charles H. Seevers was the first author to record that the differences between physogastric and stenogastric rove beetles represent more than merely body size difference and that the secondary sclerotization, which occurs during the post-imaginal growth, leads to differences beyond that matter. Herein, we record the first stenogastric Corotoca specimen, and the morphological and behavioral differences of physogastric individuals are discussed. It is concluded that stenogastric individuals have features that may have useful implications for phylogenetic and taxonomic studies. 

TIME-LAPSE STUDIES OF CONJUGATION IN COSMARIUM BOTRYTIS: II. PSEUDOCONJUGATION AND AN ANISOGAMOUS MATING BEHAVIOR INVOLVING CHEMOTAXIS

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Brandham
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Continuous Observation ◽  
Gamete Fusion ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Morphological Variants

Techniques were devised for the continuous observation of the 24-hour process of cell pairing and gamete fusion in the morphologically isogamous heterothallic desmid Cosmarium botrytis by the use of time-lapse ciné-photomicrography. Several stages of early conjugation are described and their duration measured. Many pairings are temporary and the cells dissociate after a few hours. This phenomenon is termed pseudoconjugation. Dissociation is frequently caused by the nuclear or cell division of one partner. By the use of morphological variants to determine the mating type of individual cells observed in a mixture of two mating types, an anisogamous behavior during pairing was noted. In any particular cross between two compatible clones, cells of one clone become relatively immobile or passive during conjugation while those of the other clone are attracted towards them, probably by chemotaxis. This anisogamous behavior is not rigidly linked with mating type since some plus clones are either passive or chemo-tactically active, depending upon which minus clone they are crossed with. An interim explanation of the mechanism is given.NoteThe term “anisogamous” is usually defined as a difference in size or morphology between compatible gametes. In this paper the definition is extended to cover differences in the mating behavior of gametes that are otherwise identical.

Extraversion and Dopamine

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Rammsayer
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
D2 Receptor ◽  
D2 Receptors ◽  
Behavioral Differences ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Brain Dopamine ◽  
Personality Dimension ◽  
Time Performance ◽  
Reaction Time Performance ◽  
Induced Changes

Recent research suggests that individual differences in brain dopamine (DA) functioning may be related to the personality dimension of extraversion. The present study was designed to further elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying behavioral differences between extraverts and introverts. For this purpose, the differential effects of a pharmacologically induced blockade of mesolimbocortical DA D2 receptors on reaction-time performance were investigated in 24 introverted and 24 extraverted subjects. Introverts were found to be much more susceptible to pharmacologically induced changes in D2 receptor activity than extraverts. This finding provides additional experimental evidence for the notion that individual differences in D2 receptor responsivity may represent a neurobiological substratum for the personality dimension of extraversion.

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