Hydrothermal Synthesis of CuO/RuO2/MWCNT Nanocomposites with Morphological Variants for High Efficient Supercapacitors

In this study, we develop the optimum composition of copper oxide/ruthenium oxide and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CuO/RuO2/MWCNTs) ternary nanocomposite via a hydrothermal method as an efficient electrode material for supercapacitor applications. The ratio between CuO and RuO2 varied to improve the electrochemical performance of the electrode. The synthesized nanocomposites are analyzed by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Furthermore, the elemental composition is analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and the specific capacitance was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) methods. The electrochemical investigations is conducted in a three-electrode system and the sample is attached on a stainless steel plate as the working electrode; platinum wire works as the counter electrode and Ag/AgCl electrode as the reference electrode, adopting 3 M (NH4)2SO4 as the electrolyte. The resultant of CuO/RuO2/MWCNT nanocomposite with 7 wt% Cu and 20 wt% Ru was found to perform the highest specific capacitance of 461.59 F/g in a current density of 1 A/g.

Ten-Year Experience in the Treatment of Coarctation of the Aorta through Endovascular Stenting in Patients of Different Age Groups

The aim. To analyze the 10-year experience in aortic coarctation endovascular stenting in patients of different age groups. Materials and methods. Examination and endovascular treatment of 194 patients aged 3 days to 60 years with coarctation of the aorta (CoA) with different anatomical and morphological variants was performed. According to the age criterion, the examined patients were divided into 4 study groups. The first group consisted of 84 patients (43.3%) over 25 years of age, group 2 included 33 patients (17.0%) aged 19 to 25 years, group 3 included 71 patients (36.6%) aged 5 to 18 years, and group 4 included 6 patients (3.1%) under 1 year of age. Results and discussion. We presented the clinical features of different anatomical and morphological variants of CoA. Endovascular treatment of CoA with stenting is considered the best method for adolescents and adults, due to the lower risk of aneurysm formation compared to balloon angioplasty. We were able to successfully reduce the invasive pressure gradient in patients of different ages and to establish the dependence of complication rate on the stent type used. The most common complications were aneurysm formation (2.1%) and stent migration (2.1%). Complications occurred more often in cases of uncovered stents compared to stent grafts (5.3% and 2.1%, respectively, p <0.05). No cases of hospital mortality were recorded in patients older than 5 years. Seven endovascular procedures were performed in 5 patients aged 3 days to 11 months (mean age 3.5 ± 1.6 months) with combined heart defects. Complications were documented in 1 child (20.0%). Endovascular intervention in pregnant women is indicated in refractory hypertension. We performed endovascular CoA stenting in 4 pregnant women at 15–23 weeks of gestation (average, 19.8 ± 3.1 weeks), and in 6 women with well-controlled hypertension stenting was performed within 48 hours to 5 years after delivery. In all the presented cases, successful revascularization was achieved. During follow-up (from 2 months to 10 years), all 10 women are alive, did not develop recoarctation or complications. Conclusions. The results of the analysis of CoA endovascular treatment showed that the chosen method and technique of intervention is appropriate and safe for patients of all ages, including pregnant women. Based on the results obtained, we have developed an algorithm for the management of patients who, according to clinical examination and echocardiography, were diagnosed with CoA during pregnancy.

Типові керовані форми дієслів руху / переміщення в українській літературній мові

In the article, on the basis of valence, a typical set of valence-driven governed components dependent on verbs of movement / moving is analyzed, a hierarchy of governed case and prepositional-case forms of these verbs is proposed, the main morphological means of their expression and their morphological variants are determined. According to such sets of governed components, a typology of verbal government is suggested. The differences between the traditional interpretation of grammatical government and the interpretation offered by the researchers of the latest Ukrainian linguistics are emphasized. The valence-determined government makes it possible to consider governed only notional verbally dependent components with semantic functions of the object, the addressee, the instrument (tool or means of action) and the locality (location, initial and end points of the motion, path of motion). The maximum quantity of typical governed components is shown by the verbs of movement / moving, they belong to multivalent ones. In typical expressions these verbs can have up to six governed components.

A Histopathology Model of Astrocytoma

Neoplastic transformation occurs in all glial cell types of the human nervous system, producing a wide variety of clinic-pathological entities and morphological variants. As the molecular events responsible for astrocytoma formation and progression are being clarified, it is becoming possible to correlate these alterations with the specific histopathological and biological features of astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme. Diagnosis, treatment, and prognostication in brain stem astrocytoma’s have been hindered by the occurrence in the same site of two distinct pathological entities-fibrillary and pilocytic astrocytoma. The small size of the specimens from this region adds an additional confounding factor in tumor classification. Nevertheless, histological assignment to either of these two prognostically different categories is often possible, especially if the importance of this distinction is recognized. In the face of a nonspecific histological diagnosis, e.g. "low-grade astrocytoma', certain radiographic and clinical features may, in combination with the pathological findings, be useful in tumor subclassification.

Computational Determination of Macroscopic Mechanical and Thermal Material Properties for Different Morphological Variants of Cast Iron

The sensitivity of macroscopic mechanical and thermal properties of grey cast iron is computationally investigated for a variety of graphite morphologies over a wide temperature range. In order to represent common graphite morphologies according to EN ISO 945-1, a synthetic approach is used to algorithmically generate simulation domains. The developed mechanical and thermal model is applied in a large simulation study. The study includes statistical volume elements of the graphite morphology classes GJL-150 and IA2 to IA5, with 10, 11 and 12 v.−% of graphite precipitations, respectively, for a temperature range from 20 to 750 °C. Homogenised macroscopic quantities, such as the Young’s moduli, Poisson’s ratios, yield strengths and thermal conductivities, are predicted for different morphology classes by applying simulation and data analysis tools of the research data infrastructure Kadi4Mat. This is the first work to determine the mechanical and thermal properties of the morphology classes defined in EN ISO 945-1.

Atopic Dermatitis: From Etiology and History to Treatment

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory skin disease in patients with atopy. Atopy itself, is defined as a predisposition to develop immune response with overproduction of immunoglobulin E to low doses of allergens. AD is one of the most common skin disorders in the developed world, affecting up to 20% of children and about 3% of adults. The pathogenesis of the disease is complex, with both genetic and environmental factors playing a significant role in it. Clinically, hallmarks of atopic dermatitis include dry, itchy skin and various cutaneous efflorescence, compatible to dermatitis or eczema. Atopic dermatitis subdivides into three morphological variants manifesting during infancy, childhood and adulthood. Various environmental factors and associated diseases may have serious influence on the clinical course or may trigger disease relapses. The aim of this review article is to serve as a comprehensive overview of the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical course and diagnosis, as well as potential challenges facing the successful treatment of atopic dermatitis.

Monoclonal Gammapathy of Renal Significance: Morphological Variants of Lesion

The article discusses the concept of monoclonal renal gammopathy, which combines various renal diseases caused by the deposition of monoclonal immunoglobulin and / or their components in the glomeruli and tubulointerstitium. This nosological group was identified within the group of monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance (in 2012). The data on the study of morphological kidney damage associated with monoclonal renal gammopathy are presented. The spectrum of renal diseases in monoclonal renal gammopathy is diverse, and its classification is based on the localization of renal lesions in the glomeruli, tubules, vascular interstitium and stroma, as well as the peculiarity of the deposition of immunoglobulins (organized and unorganized). Kidney biopsy is required in most cases to locate the lesion, assess its severity, and predict patient survival. Diagnostics requires the integration of morphological changes using light microscopy, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, and in some cases, staining of monoclonal protein for Ig isotypes is used (staining with hematoxylin / eosin, Schiff stain (PAS reaction), Jones stain, Congo Red stain, Masson’s trichromal stain). Early diagnosis and timely prescription of clone-oriented therapy by a hematologist and / or a hematooncologist can stop the progression of the malignant process and kidney malfunction. A nephrologist should monitor the patient, interacting with the hematologist.

Rhipicephalus sanguineus Complex in the Americas: Systematic, Genetic Diversity, and Geographic Insights

The Rhipicephalus sanguineus group encompasses at least 12 validated species of Palearctic and Afrotropical hard ticks, which are relevant in veterinary medicine and public health. The taxonomy of R. sanguineus s.s., has been particularly intensely debated, due to its wide geographic distribution, morphological variants, parasite-host associations, and its capacity and vectorial competence for the transmission of several pathogens. By sequencing mitochondrial markers, it was possible to identify the existence of multiple lineages, among which the Tropical and the Temperate lineages stand out, particularly in America. However, the northern limit between these lineages is not clear due to the lack of extensive sampling across Mexico. For this reason, the aim of the present study was to determine the genetic diversity and structure of the R. sanguineus group in Mexico and to compare it with the populations reported in the Americas, in order to propose the northern limit of the R. sanguineus Tropical lineage and the potential regions of sympatry with R. sanguineus s.s. The findings of this study now confirm the presence of R. sanguineus s.s. in Mexico, showing a subtle genetic structure and high genetic diversity throughout its distribution in the Americas. In contrast, the Tropical lineage seems to be genetically less diverse in its overall distribution in the Americas. The genetic diversity of these two independent lineages could have important epidemiological implications in the transmission of tick pathogens.

Morphological variants of meibomian glands: correlation of meibography features with histopathology findings

PurposeThis study describes the histopathological features of different morphological variants of human meibomian glands (MGs) seen on infrared imaging.MethodsTarsal plates dissected from seven cadaveric upper eyelids were imaged using infrared meibography, and then studied histopathologically using H&E, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ, meibocyte differentiation marker) and Ki-67 (cellular proliferation marker) antibody staining. The different morphological characteristics (varying size and shape) of MGs on meibography were correlated with histopathology findings using image analysis software.ResultsOf the total 127 glands, the morphological variants observed on meibography based on size were: normal (n=62), short (n=18), severely short (n=6) and dropout (n=12) glands, and on shape were: hooked (n=2), tortuous (n=5), overlapping (n=1), thick (n=15) and fluffy (n=6) glands. Short, hooked, tortuous and overlapping glands had similar acinar and ductal histology as seen in normal glands whereas thick, and fluffy glands had increased acinar diameter. All glands except the severely short type demonstrated normal signs of holocrine secretory activity and normal nuclear and cytoplasmic PPARγ expression. Severely short glands had nil while short glands had reduced Ki-67 proliferation index (3%±1%) as compared with normal and other variants (8%±5.2%). Gland dropout areas showed no evidence of any glandular tissue on histology.ConclusionHooked, tortuous and overlapping glands had completely normal glandular histology, whereas severely short glands showed atrophic changes with loss of meibocyte differentiation and cellular proliferation. Dropout areas showed total loss of glandular elements. Further studies are needed to validate and to explore the clinical implications of these findings.

Morphological differences between genetic lineages of the peregrine earthworm : Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny, 1826)

Aporrectodea caliginosa is a universally distributed and highly abundant peregrine earthworm that is the object of many ecological and ecotoxicological studies. Molecular phylogenetic analysis suggested that A. caliginosa consists of three highly diverged genetic lineages. In this study, we investigated morphological diversity within a sample of these three lineages from Belarus. We detected a variety of forms with different degrees of pigmentation and a shift in the clitellum position. The three genetic lineages of A. caliginosa demonstrated different propensity to particular morphological variants, including size, colour, and the clitellum position, yet no character could be used to distinguish among the lineages with sufficient accuracy. Thus, our results suggest that identification of the genetic lineage should be recommended for ecological studies involving A. caliginosa to account for possible differences between them.